Merge branch 'master' of ssh://git.biddydev.com:2222/dbidwell/stationeers_lang into live-reload

Reviewed-on: #8

.gitea/workflows/build.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ name: CI/CD Pipeline
 on:
   push:
     branches: ["master"]
+    tags: ["*.*.*"]
   pull_request:
     branches: ["master"]
 
@@ -57,6 +58,10 @@ jobs:
             slang-builder \
             ./build.sh
 
+      - name: Zip Workshop Folder
+        run: |
+          zip -r release/workshop.zip release/workshop/
+
       # 3. Fix Permissions
       # Docker writes files as root. We need to own them to upload them.
       - name: Fix Permissions
@@ -65,7 +70,36 @@ jobs:
 
       # 4. Upload to GitHub
       - name: Upload Release Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
         with:
           name: StationeersSlang-Release
           path: release/
+
+  release:
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: self-hosted
+    # ONLY run this job if we pushed a tag (e.g., v1.0.1)
+    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      # We download the artifact from the previous 'build' job
+      - name: Download Build Artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          name: StationeersSlang-Release
+          path: ./release-files
+
+      - name: Create Gitea Release
+        uses: https://gitea.com/actions/gitea-release-action@v1
+        with:
+          files: |
+            ./release-files/workshop.zip
+            ./release-files/slang
+            ./release-files/slang.exe
+          name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+          tag_name: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+          draft: false
+          prerelease: false
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

Changelog.md

@@ -1,5 +1,110 @@
 # Changelog
 
+[0.4.5]
+
+- Fixed issue where after clicking "Cancel" on the IC10 Editor, the side-by-side
+  IC10 output would no longer update with highlighting or code updates.
+- Added ability to live-reload the mod while developing using the `ScriptEngine`
+  mod from BepInEx
+  - This required adding in cleanup code to cleanup references to the Rust DLL
+    before destroying the mod instance.
+- Added BepInEx debug logging. This will ONLY show if you have debug logs
+  enabled in the BepInEx configuration file.
+
+[0.4.4]
+
+- Added Stationpedia docs back after removing all harmony patches from the mod
+
+[0.4.3]
+
+- Removed references to the `Mod` class from SLP. This was the root of the multiplayer
+  connectivity issues. Multiplayer should now work with Slang installed.
+
+[0.4.2]
+
+- Removed all harmony patches as most functionality as been added into the
+  `IC10 Editor` mod
+- IC10 runtime errors will have been reverted back to showing as IC10 line
+  numbers instead of Slang line numbers.
+  - The IC10 line should be easily mapped to a Slang line via the side-by-side
+    IC10 compilation view.
+
+[0.4.1]
+
+- Update syscalls for `loadSlot` and `setSlot` to support expressions instead of
+  just variables for the slot index
+- Moved the main repository from GitHub to a self-hosted Gitea
+  - Restructured workflow files to support this change
+  - GitHub will still remain as a mirrored repository of the new
+    Gitea instance.
+  - This is in response to the new upcoming changes to the pricing model
+    for self-hosted GitHub action runners.
+
+[0.4.0]
+
+- First pass getting compiled IC10 to output along side the Slang source code
+  - IC10 side is currently not scrollable, and text might be cut off from the bottom,
+    requiring newlines to be added to the bottom of the Slang source if needed
+
+[0.3.4]
+
+- Added support for `loadReagent`, which maps to the `lr` IC10 instruction
+  - Shorthand is `lr`
+  - Longform is `loadReagent`
+- Update various Rust dependencies
+- Added more optimizations, prioritizing `pop` instead of `get` when available
+  when backing up / restoring registers for function invocations. This should
+  save approximately 2 lines per backed up register
+
+[0.3.3]
+
+- Fixed bug where negative temperature literals were converted to Kelvin
+  first before applying the negative
+
+[0.3.2]
+
+- Fixed stack overflow due to incorrect optimization of 'leaf' functions
+
+[0.3.1]
+
+- Fixed possible `KeyNotFoundException` in C# code due to invalid
+  dictionary access when an IC housing has an error
+
+[0.3.0]
+
+- Implemented a multi-pass optimizer
+  - This should significantly reduce line count in the final output
+- Fixed source map to line up with newly optimized code
+
+[0.2.4]
+
+- Groundwork laid to collect and track source maps
+- IC Housing will now display the `Slang` source error line (if available)
+  instead of the `IC10` source error line
+
+[0.2.3]
+
+- Fixed stack underflow with function invocations
+  - They are still "heavy", but they should work as expected now
+- Fixed issue where syscall functions were not allowed as infix operators
+
+[0.2.2]
+
+- Fixed some formatting issues when converting Markdown to Text Mesh Pro for
+  Stationpedia
+- Added support for ternary expressions
+  - `let i = someValue ? 4 : 5;`
+  - `i = someValue ? 4 : 5;`
+  - This greedily evaluates both sides, so side effects like calling functions
+    is not recommended i.e.
+    - `i = someValue : doSomething() : doSomethingElse();`
+    - Both sides will be evaluated before calling the `select` instruction
+
+[0.2.1]
+
+- Added support for `loadSlot` and `setSlot`
+- Fixed bug where syscalls like `max(1, 2)` were not allowed in assignment expressions
+
 [0.2.0]
 
 - Completely re-wrote the tokenizer to use `logos`

ModData/About/About.xml

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 <ModMetadata xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   <Name>Slang</Name>
   <Author>JoeDiertay</Author>
-  <Version>0.2.0</Version>
+  <Version>0.4.5</Version>
   <Description>
 [h1]Slang: High-Level Programming for Stationeers[/h1]
 
-Stop writing assembly. Start writing code.
+Iterate faster. Stop writing assembly. Start writing code.
 
 Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows you to write scripts using a familiar C-style syntax (variables, functions, if/else, loops) directly in the in-game editor. When you hit confirm, Slang compiles your code into IC10 instantly.
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows
 [h2]Features[/h2]
 [list]
 [*] [b]In-Game Compilation:[/b] No external tools needed. Write Slang directly in the IC editor.
-[*] [b]No More Register Juggling:[/b] Define variables with let (e.g., let temp = 300). The compiler manages r0-r15 for you.
+[*] [b]No More Register Juggling:[/b] Define variables with let (e.g., let temp = 200c). The compiler manages r0-r15 for you.
 [*] [b]Control Flow:[/b] Write readable logic with if, else, while, loop, break, and continue.
 [*] [b]Functions:[/b] Create reusable code blocks with arguments.
 [*] [b]Smart Editor:[/b] Get real-time syntax highlighting and error checking (red text) as you type.
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows
 [*] [b]Optimizations:[/b] Features like Constant Folding calculate math at compile time to save instructions.
 [*] [b]Device Aliasing:[/b] Simple mapping: device sensor = "d0".
 [*] [b]Temperature Literals:[/b] Don't worry about converting Celsius to Kelvin anymore. Define your temperatures as whatever you want and append the proper suffix at the end (ex. 20c, 68f, 293.15k)
+[*] [b]Side-by-side IC10 output:[/b] Preview the compiled IC10 alongside the Slang source code. What you see is what you get.
+[*] [b]Compiler Optimizations:[/b] Slang now does its best to safely optimize the output IC10, removing labels, unnecessary moves, etc.
 [/list]
 
 [h2]Installation[/h2]
@@ -50,19 +52,14 @@ loop {
 
 [h2]Known Issues (Beta)[/h2]
 [list]
-[*] [b]Code Size:[/b] Compiled output is currently more verbose than hand-optimized assembly. Optimization passes are planned.
-[*] [b]Stack Access:[/b] Direct stack memory access is disabled to prevent conflicts with the compiler's internal memory management.
-[*] [b]Documentation:[/b] In-game tooltips for syscalls (like load, set) are WIP. Check the "Slang" entry in the Stationpedia (F1) for help.
-[*] [b]Debugging:[/b] Runtime errors currently point to the compiled IC10 line number, not your Slang source line. Source mapping is coming soon.
+[*] [b]Stack Access:[/b] Direct stack memory access is disabled to prevent conflicts with the compiler's internal memory management. A workaround is being planned.
+[*] [b]Documentation:[/b] In-game tooltips for syscalls (like load, set) are WIP. Check the "Slang" entry in the Stationpedia (F1) for help, or checkout [url=https://github.com/dbidwell94/stationeers_lang/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md]The Docs[/url] for guides on how to get started.
 [/list]
 
 [h2]Planned Features[/h2]
 [list]
-[*] Side-by-side view: Slang vs. Compiled IC10.
-[*] Compiler optimizations (dead code elimination, smarter register allocation).
 [*] Enhanced LSP features (Autocomplete, Go to Definition).
 [*] Full feature parity with all IC10 instructions.
-[*] Tutorials and beginner script examples.
 [/list]
 
 [h2]FAQ[/h2]
@@ -72,10 +69,18 @@ A: The Slang compiler is built in Rust for performance and reliability. It is co
 [b]Q: Is this compatible with my current save?[/b]
 A: Yes! Slang does not modify any existing IC10 code, it is only a compiler. As a matter of fact: if you wish to stop using Slang at any time, your compiled IC10 will still exist on the chip. However: Slang adds a comment at the bottom of your compiled IC10 which is a GZIP and base64 encoded version of your Slang source code. This might break line limits with Slang not installed. If you wish to no longer use Slang, I recommend you remove this comment from the source code after uninstalling Slang.
 
+[b]Q: Does this modify the in-game scripting language[/b]
+A: No! Slang compiles directly to IC10. Any valid Slang file will produce valid IC10. The goal of this mod is twofold:
+[list]
+[*] Allow experienced users to quickly iterate on their scripts to get back into base upgrades faster
+[*] Allow newcomers who already know C-style languages (JS/C#/Java/Rust/C/etc) to see how it maps to IC10 so they can get to understand IC10 better
+[/list]
+
 [h2]Useful Links[/h2]
 [url=https://github.com/dbidwell94/stationeers_lang]Source Code on GitHub[/url]
 [url=https://discord.gg/stationeers]Stationeers Official Discord[/url]
 [url=https://discord.gg/M4sCfYMacs]Stationeers Modding Discord[/url]
+[url=https://github.com/dbidwell94/stationeers_lang/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md]Getting Started Guide[/url]
   </Description>
   <ChangeLog xsi:nil="true" />
   <WorkshopHandle>3619985558</WorkshopHandle>
@@ -88,7 +93,7 @@ A: Yes! Slang does not modify any existing IC10 code, it is only a compiler. As
     <Tag>Quality of Life</Tag>
   </Tags>
   <DependsOn WorkshopHandle="3592775931" />
-  <OrderBefore WorkshopHandle="3592775931" />
+  <OrderAfter WorkshopHandle="3592775931" />
   <InGameDescription><![CDATA[
         <size=30><color=#ffff00>Slang - High Level Language Compiler</color></size>
         A modern programming experience for Stationeers. Write C-style code that compiles to IC10 instantly.
@@ -118,5 +123,7 @@ A: Yes! Slang does not modify any existing IC10 code, it is only a compiler. As
         See: https://github.com/StationeersLaunchPad/StationeersLaunchPad
 
         Source Code: https://github.com/dbidwell94/stationeers_lang
+
+        Documentation: https://github.com/dbidwell94/stationeers_lang/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md
         ]]></InGameDescription>
 </ModMetadata>

README.md

@@ -1,30 +1,45 @@
-# Stationeers Language (slang)
-
-This is an ambitious attempt at creating:
-
-- A new programming language (slang)
-- A compiler to translate slang -> IC10
-- A mod to allow direct input of slang in the in-game script editor to
-  automatically compile to IC10 before running
-
-This project currently outputs 3 files:
-
-- A Linux CLI
-- A Windows CLI
-- A Windows FFI dll
-  - Contains a single function: `compile_from_string`
-
-The aim of this project is to lower the amount of time it takes to code simple
-scripts in Stationeers so you can get back to engineering atmospherics or
-whatever you are working on. This project is NOT meant to fully replace IC10.
-Obviously hand-coded assembly written by an experienced programmer is more
-optimized and smaller than something that a C compiler will spit out. This is
-the same way. It WILL produce valid IC10, but for large complicated projects it
-might produce over the allowed limit of lines the in-game editor supports.
-
-Current Unknowns
-
-- Should I support a configurable script line length in-game to allow larger
-  scripts to be saved?
-- Should compilation be "behind the scenes" (in game editor will ALWAYS be what
-  you put in. IC10 will be IC10, slang will be slang)
+# Slang Language Documentation
+
+Slang is a high-level programming language that compiles to IC10 assembly for [Stationeers](https://store.steampowered.com/app/544550/Stationeers/).
+It provides a familiar C-like syntax while targeting the limited instruction set
+of in-game IC10.
+
+## Quick Links
+
+- [Getting Started](docs/getting-started.md) - Installation and first program
+- [Language Reference](docs/language-reference.md) - Complete syntax guide
+- [Built-in Functions](docs/builtins.md) - System calls and math functions
+- [Examples](docs/examples.md) - Real-world code samples
+
+## Overview
+
+Slang aims to reduce the time spent writing IC10 assembly by providing:
+
+- **Familiar syntax** - C-like declarations, control flow, and expressions
+- **Device abstraction** - Named device bindings with property access
+- **Automatic register allocation** - No manual register management
+- **Built-in functions** - Math operations and device I/O as function calls
+- **Temperature literals** - Native support for Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin
+
+## Example
+
+```rust
+device gasSensor = "d0";
+device airCon = "d1";
+
+const TARGET_TEMP = 20c;
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+    airCon.On = gasSensor.Temperature > TARGET_TEMP;
+}
+```
+
+This compiles to IC10 that monitors temperature and controls an air
+conditioner.
+
+## Project Status
+
+Slang is under active development. It may produce suboptimal code for complex programs.
+It is not a replacement for IC10, for performance-critical or large scripts,
+hand-written IC10 may still be preferred.

csharp_mod/Extensions.cs

@@ -113,6 +113,34 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
         return toReturn;
     }
 
+    public static unsafe List<SourceMapEntry> ToList(this Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t vec)
+    {
+        var toReturn = new List<SourceMapEntry>((int)vec.len);
+
+        var currentPtr = vec.ptr;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int)vec.len; i++)
+        {
+            var item = currentPtr[i];
+
+            toReturn.Add(
+                new SourceMapEntry
+                {
+                    Ic10Line = item.line_number,
+                    SlangSource = new Range
+                    {
+                        EndCol = item.span.end_col,
+                        EndLine = item.span.end_line,
+                        StartCol = item.span.start_col,
+                        StartLine = item.span.start_line,
+                    },
+                }
+            );
+        }
+
+        return toReturn;
+    }
+
     private static uint GetColorForKind(uint kind)
     {
         switch (kind)

csharp_mod/FfiGlue.cs

@@ -71,18 +71,6 @@ public unsafe struct Vec_uint8_t {
     public UIntPtr cap;
 }
 
-public unsafe partial class Ffi {
-    /// <summary>
-    /// C# handles strings as UTF16. We do NOT want to allocate that memory in C# because
-    /// we want to avoid GC. So we pass it to Rust to handle all the memory allocations.
-    /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
-    /// from the GC from a <c>GetBytes()</c> call on a string in C#.
-    /// </summary>
-    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
-    Vec_uint8_t compile_from_string (
-        slice_ref_uint16_t input);
-}
-
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 16)]
 public unsafe struct FfiRange_t {
     public UInt32 start_col;
@@ -94,6 +82,44 @@ public unsafe struct FfiRange_t {
     public UInt32 end_line;
 }
 
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 20)]
+public unsafe struct FfiSourceMapEntry_t {
+    public UInt32 line_number;
+
+    public FfiRange_t span;
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Same as [<c>Vec<T></c>][<c>rust::Vec</c>], but with guaranteed <c>#[repr(C)]</c> layout
+/// </summary>
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 24)]
+public unsafe struct Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t {
+    public FfiSourceMapEntry_t * ptr;
+
+    public UIntPtr len;
+
+    public UIntPtr cap;
+}
+
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 48)]
+public unsafe struct FfiCompilationResult_t {
+    public Vec_uint8_t output_code;
+
+    public Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t source_map;
+}
+
+public unsafe partial class Ffi {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// C# handles strings as UTF16. We do NOT want to allocate that memory in C# because
+    /// we want to avoid GC. So we pass it to Rust to handle all the memory allocations.
+    /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
+    /// from the GC from a <c>GetBytes()</c> call on a string in C#.
+    /// </summary>
+    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
+    FfiCompilationResult_t compile_from_string (
+        slice_ref_uint16_t input);
+}
+
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 48)]
 public unsafe struct FfiDiagnostic_t {
     public Vec_uint8_t message;
@@ -146,6 +172,12 @@ public unsafe partial class Ffi {
         Vec_FfiDocumentedItem_t v);
 }
 
+public unsafe partial class Ffi {
+    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
+    void free_ffi_compilation_result (
+        FfiCompilationResult_t input);
+}
+
 public unsafe partial class Ffi {
     [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
     void free_ffi_diagnostic_vec (

csharp_mod/Formatter.cs

@@ -9,10 +9,33 @@ using StationeersIC10Editor;
 
 public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
 {
+    public const string SLANG_SRC = "SLANG_SRC";
     private CancellationTokenSource? _lspCancellationToken;
     private object _tokenLock = new();
 
-    // VS Code Dark Theme Palette
+    protected Editor? __Ic10Editor = null;
+
+    protected Editor Ic10Editor
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            if (__Ic10Editor == null)
+            {
+                var tab = Editor.ParentTab;
+                tab.ClearExtraEditors();
+                __Ic10Editor = new Editor(Editor.KeyHandler);
+                Ic10Editor.IsReadOnly = true;
+                tab.AddEditor(__Ic10Editor);
+            }
+
+            return __Ic10Editor;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private string ic10CompilationResult = "";
+    private List<SourceMapEntry> ic10SourceMap = new();
+
+    #region Colors
     public static readonly uint ColorControl = ColorFromHTML("#C586C0"); // Pink (if, return, loop)
     public static readonly uint ColorDeclaration = ColorFromHTML("#569CD6"); // Blue (let, device, fn)
     public static readonly uint ColorFunction = ColorFromHTML("#DCDCAA"); // Yellow (syscalls)
@@ -21,10 +44,8 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
     public static readonly uint ColorBoolean = ColorFromHTML("#569CD6"); // Blue (true/false)
     public static readonly uint ColorIdentifier = ColorFromHTML("#9CDCFE"); // Light Blue (variables)
     public static new readonly uint ColorDefault = ColorFromHTML("#D4D4D4"); // White (punctuation ; { } )
-
-    // Operators are often the same color as default text in VS Code Dark,
-    // but having a separate definition lets you tweak it (e.g. make them slightly darker or distinct)
     public static readonly uint ColorOperator = ColorFromHTML("#D4D4D4");
+    #endregion
 
     private HashSet<uint> _linesWithErrors = new();
     private int _lastLineCount = -1;
@@ -33,6 +54,7 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
         : base()
     {
         OnCodeChanged += HandleCodeChanged;
+        OnCaretMoved += UpdateIc10Formatter;
     }
 
     public static double MatchingScore(string input)
@@ -41,6 +63,11 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(input))
             return 0d;
 
+        if (input.Contains(SLANG_SRC))
+        {
+            return 1.0;
+        }
+
         // Run the compiler to get diagnostics
         var diagnostics = Marshal.DiagnoseSource(input);
 
@@ -67,7 +94,28 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
 
     public override string Compile()
     {
-        return this.Lines.RawText;
+        if (!Marshal.CompileFromString(RawText, out var compilationResult, out var sourceMap))
+        {
+            return "# Compilation Error";
+        }
+
+        return compilationResult + $"\n{EncodeSource(RawText, SLANG_SRC)}";
+    }
+
+    public override void ResetCode(string code)
+    {
+        // for compatibility, we need to check for GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC
+        // `#SLANG_SRC:<code>`
+        // and replace with `# SLANG_SRC: <code>`
+        if (code.Contains(GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC))
+        {
+            code = code.Replace(GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC, $"# {SLANG_SRC}: ");
+        }
+        if (code.Contains(SLANG_SRC))
+        {
+            code = ExtractEncodedSource(code, SLANG_SRC);
+        }
+        base.ResetCode(code);
     }
 
     public override StyledLine ParseLine(string line)
@@ -86,6 +134,10 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
         return styledLine;
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// This handles calling the `HandleLsp` function by creating a new `CancellationToken` and
+    /// cancelling the current call if applicable.
+    /// </summary>
     private void HandleCodeChanged()
     {
         CancellationToken token;
@@ -101,6 +153,11 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
         _ = HandleLsp(inputSrc, token);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Takes a copy of the current source code and sends it to the Rust compiler in a background thread
+    /// to get diagnostic data. This also handles getting a compilation response of optimized IC10 for the
+    /// side-by-side IC10Editor to show with sourcemap highlighting.
+    /// </summary>
     private async Task HandleLsp(string inputSrc, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {
         try
@@ -126,6 +183,29 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
             );
 
             ApplyDiagnostics(dict);
+
+            // If we have valid code, update the IC10 output
+            if (dict.Count > 0)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            var (compilationSuccess, compiled, sourceMap) = await Task.Run(() =>
+            {
+                var successful = Marshal.CompileFromString(
+                    inputSrc,
+                    out var compiled,
+                    out var sourceMap
+                );
+                return (successful, compiled, sourceMap);
+            });
+
+            if (compilationSuccess)
+            {
+                ic10CompilationResult = compiled;
+                ic10SourceMap = sourceMap;
+                UpdateIc10Content(Ic10Editor);
+            }
         }
         catch (OperationCanceledException) { }
         catch (Exception ex)
@@ -134,7 +214,62 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
         }
     }
 
-    // This runs on the Main Thread
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Updates the underlying code in the IC10 Editor, after which will call `UpdateIc10Formatter` to
+    /// update highlighting of relavent fields.
+    /// </summary>
+    private void UpdateIc10Content(Editor editor)
+    {
+        editor.ResetCode(ic10CompilationResult);
+        UpdateIc10Formatter();
+    }
+
+    // This runs on the main thread. This function ONLY updates the highlighting of the IC10 code.
+    // If you need to update the code in the editor itself, you should use `UpdateIc10Content`.
+    private void UpdateIc10Formatter()
+    {
+        // Bail if our backing field is null. We don't want to set the field in this function. It
+        // runs way too much and we might not even have source code to use.
+        if (__Ic10Editor == null)
+            return;
+        var caretPos = Editor.CaretPos.Line;
+
+        // get the slang sourceMap at the current editor line
+        var lines = ic10SourceMap.FindAll(entry =>
+            entry.SlangSource.StartLine == caretPos || entry.SlangSource.EndLine == caretPos
+        );
+
+        Ic10Editor.ResetCode(ic10CompilationResult);
+
+        if (lines.Count() < 1)
+        {
+            Ic10Editor.Selection = new TextRange
+            {
+                End = new TextPosition { Col = 0, Line = 0 },
+                Start = new TextPosition { Col = 0, Line = 0 },
+            };
+            return;
+        }
+        // get the total range of the IC10 source for the selected Slang line
+        var max = lines.Max(line => line.Ic10Line);
+        var min = lines.Min(line => line.Ic10Line);
+
+        Ic10Editor.CaretPos = new TextPosition { Col = 0, Line = (int)max };
+
+        // highlight all the IC10 lines that are within the specified range
+        Ic10Editor.Selection.Start = new TextPosition { Col = 0, Line = (int)min };
+        Ic10Editor.Selection.End = new TextPosition
+        {
+            Col = Ic10Editor.Lines[(int)max].Text.Length,
+            Line = (int)max,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Takes diagnostics from the Rust FFI compiler and applies it as semantic tokens to the
+    /// source in this editor.
+    /// This runs on the Main Thread
+    /// </summary>
     private void ApplyDiagnostics(Dictionary<uint, IGrouping<uint, Diagnostic>> dict)
     {
         HashSet<uint> linesToRefresh;

csharp_mod/GlobalCode.cs

@@ -1,99 +1,69 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.IO;
-using System.IO.Compression;
-using System.Text;
 
 namespace Slang;
 
 public static class GlobalCode
 {
-    public const string SLANG_REF = "#SLANG_REF:";
+    /// <summary>
+    /// This is the OLD way of handling saving / loading. This has been replaced with a native
+    /// save / load from IC10 Editor. However; this needs to remain for compatibility with
+    /// previous versions of code not compiled with 0.4.2 or later.
+    /// </summary>
     public const string SLANG_SRC = "#SLANG_SRC:";
 
-    // This is a Dictionary of ENCODED source code, compressed
-    // so that save file data is smaller
-    private static Dictionary<Guid, string> codeDict = new();
+    /// <summary>
+    /// This Dictionary stores the source maps for the given SLANG_REF, where
+    /// the key is the IC10 line, and the value is a List of Slang ranges where that
+    /// line would have come from
+    /// </summary>
+    private static Dictionary<Guid, Dictionary<uint, List<Range>>> sourceMaps = new();
 
-    public static void ClearCache()
+    public static void SetSourceMap(Guid reference, List<SourceMapEntry> sourceMapEntries)
     {
-        codeDict.Clear();
-    }
+        var builtDictionary = new Dictionary<uint, List<Range>>();
 
-    public static string GetSource(Guid reference)
-    {
-        if (!codeDict.ContainsKey(reference))
+        foreach (var entry in sourceMapEntries)
         {
-            return string.Empty;
-        }
-
-        return DecodeSource(codeDict[reference]);
-    }
-
-    public static void SetSource(Guid reference, string source)
-    {
-        codeDict[reference] = EncodeSource(source);
-    }
-
-    public static string? GetEncoded(Guid reference)
-    {
-        if (!codeDict.ContainsKey(reference))
-            return null;
-
-        return codeDict[reference];
-    }
-
-    public static void SetEncoded(Guid reference, string encodedSource)
-    {
-        if (codeDict.ContainsKey(reference))
-        {
-            codeDict[reference] = encodedSource;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            codeDict.Add(reference, encodedSource);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static string EncodeSource(string source)
-    {
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(source))
-        {
-            return "";
-        }
-
-        byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(source);
-
-        using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
-        {
-            using (var gzipStream = new GZipStream(memoryStream, CompressionMode.Compress))
+            if (!builtDictionary.ContainsKey(entry.Ic10Line))
             {
-                gzipStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+                builtDictionary[entry.Ic10Line] = new();
             }
-            return Convert.ToBase64String(memoryStream.ToArray());
+            builtDictionary[entry.Ic10Line].Add(entry.SlangSource);
         }
+
+        sourceMaps[reference] = builtDictionary;
     }
 
-    private static string DecodeSource(string source)
+    public static bool GetSlangErrorLineFromICError(
+        Guid reference,
+        uint icErrorLine,
+        out uint slangSrc,
+        out Range slangSpan
+    )
     {
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(source))
+        slangSrc = icErrorLine;
+        slangSpan = new Range { };
+
+        if (!sourceMaps.ContainsKey(reference))
         {
-            return "";
+            return false;
         }
 
-        byte[] compressedBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(source);
-
-        using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream(compressedBytes))
+        if (!sourceMaps[reference].ContainsKey(icErrorLine))
         {
-            using (var gzipStream = new GZipStream(memoryStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
-            {
-                using (var outputStream = new MemoryStream())
-                {
-                    gzipStream.CopyTo(outputStream);
-
-                    return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(outputStream.ToArray());
-                }
-            }
+            return false;
         }
+
+        var foundRange = sourceMaps[reference][icErrorLine];
+
+        if (foundRange is null)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        slangSrc = foundRange[0].StartLine;
+        slangSpan = foundRange[0];
+        return true;
     }
 }

csharp_mod/Marshal.cs

@@ -10,10 +10,23 @@ using StationeersIC10Editor;
 
 public struct Range
 {
-    public uint StartCol;
-    public uint EndCol;
-    public uint StartLine;
-    public uint EndLine;
+    public uint StartCol = 0;
+    public uint EndCol = 0;
+    public uint StartLine = 0;
+    public uint EndLine = 0;
+
+    public Range(uint startLine, uint startCol, uint endLine, uint endCol)
+    {
+        StartLine = startLine;
+        StartCol = startCol;
+        EndLine = endLine;
+        EndCol = endCol;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"L{StartLine}C{StartCol} - L{EndLine}C{EndCol}";
+    }
 }
 
 public struct Diagnostic
@@ -23,6 +36,17 @@ public struct Diagnostic
     public Range Range;
 }
 
+public struct SourceMapEntry
+{
+    public Range SlangSource;
+    public uint Ic10Line;
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"IC10: {Ic10Line} Slang: `{SlangSource}`";
+    }
+}
+
 public static class Marshal
 {
     private static IntPtr _libraryHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
@@ -43,7 +67,9 @@ public static class Marshal
         try
         {
             _libraryHandle = LoadLibrary(ExtractNativeLibrary(Ffi.RustLib));
+            L.Debug("Rust DLL loaded successfully. Enjoy native speed compilations!");
             CodeFormatters.RegisterFormatter("Slang", typeof(SlangFormatter), true);
+
             return true;
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
@@ -67,8 +93,13 @@ public static class Marshal
 
         try
         {
-            FreeLibrary(_libraryHandle);
+            CodeFormatters.RegisterFormatter("Slang", typeof(PlainTextFormatter), true);
+            if (!FreeLibrary(_libraryHandle))
+            {
+                L.Warning("Unable to free Rust library");
+            }
             _libraryHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
+            L.Debug("Rust DLL library freed");
             return true;
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
@@ -78,11 +109,16 @@ public static class Marshal
         }
     }
 
-    public static unsafe bool CompileFromString(string inputString, out string compiledString)
+    public static unsafe bool CompileFromString(
+        string inputString,
+        out string compiledString,
+        out List<SourceMapEntry> sourceMapEntries
+    )
     {
         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString) || !EnsureLibLoaded())
         {
             compiledString = String.Empty;
+            sourceMapEntries = new();
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -95,19 +131,16 @@ public static class Marshal
             };
 
             var result = Ffi.compile_from_string(input);
+
             try
             {
-                if ((ulong)result.len < 1)
-                {
-                    compiledString = String.Empty;
-                    return false;
-                }
-                compiledString = result.AsString();
+                sourceMapEntries = result.source_map.ToList();
+                compiledString = result.output_code.AsString();
                 return true;
             }
             finally
             {
-                result.Drop();
+                Ffi.free_ffi_compilation_result(result);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -165,9 +198,9 @@ public static class Marshal
 
         Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
 
-        using (Stream stream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(libName))
+        using (Stream resourceStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(libName))
         {
-            if (stream == null)
+            if (resourceStream == null)
             {
                 L.Error(
                     $"{libName} not found. This means it was not embedded in the mod. Please contact the mod author!"
@@ -175,18 +208,85 @@ public static class Marshal
                 return "";
             }
 
+            // Check if file exists and contents are identical to avoid overwriting locked files
+            if (File.Exists(destinationPath))
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    using (
+                        FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(
+                            destinationPath,
+                            FileMode.Open,
+                            FileAccess.Read,
+                            FileShare.ReadWrite
+                        )
+                    )
+                    {
+                        if (resourceStream.Length == fileStream.Length)
+                        {
+                            if (StreamsContentsAreEqual(resourceStream, fileStream))
+                            {
+                                L.Debug(
+                                    $"DLL {libName} already exists and matches. Skipping extraction."
+                                );
+                                return destinationPath;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                catch (IOException ex)
+                {
+                    L.Warning(
+                        $"Could not verify existing {libName}, attempting overwrite. {ex.Message}"
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+
+            resourceStream.Position = 0;
+
+            // Attempt to overwrite if missing or different
             try
             {
                 using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(destinationPath, FileMode.Create))
                 {
-                    stream.CopyTo(fileStream);
+                    resourceStream.CopyTo(fileStream);
                 }
                 return destinationPath;
             }
             catch (IOException e)
             {
-                L.Warning($"Could not overwrite {libName} (it might be in use): {e.Message}");
-                return "";
+                // If we fail here, the file is likely locked.
+                // However, if we are here, it means the file is DIFFERENT or we couldn't read it.
+                // As a fallback for live-reload, we can try returning the path anyway
+                // assuming the existing locked file might still work.
+                L.Warning(
+                    $"Could not overwrite {libName} (it might be in use): {e.Message}. Attempting to use existing file."
+                );
+                return destinationPath;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static bool StreamsContentsAreEqual(Stream stream1, Stream stream2)
+    {
+        const int bufferSize = 4096;
+        byte[] buffer1 = new byte[bufferSize];
+        byte[] buffer2 = new byte[bufferSize];
+
+        while (true)
+        {
+            int count1 = stream1.Read(buffer1, 0, bufferSize);
+            int count2 = stream2.Read(buffer2, 0, bufferSize);
+
+            if (count1 != count2)
+                return false;
+            if (count1 == 0)
+                return true;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < count1; i++)
+            {
+                if (buffer1[i] != buffer2[i])
+                    return false;
             }
         }
     }

csharp_mod/Patches.cs

@@ -1,230 +1,11 @@
 namespace Slang;
 
-using System;
-using Assets.Scripts.Objects;
-using Assets.Scripts.Objects.Electrical;
-using Assets.Scripts.Objects.Motherboards;
 using Assets.Scripts.UI;
 using HarmonyLib;
 
 [HarmonyPatch]
 public static class SlangPatches
 {
-    private static ProgrammableChipMotherboard? _currentlyEditingMotherboard;
-    private static AsciiString? _motherboardCachedCode;
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(
-        typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard),
-        nameof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard.InputFinished)
-    )]
-    [HarmonyPrefix]
-    public static void pgmb_InputFinished(ref string result)
-    {
-        _currentlyEditingMotherboard = null;
-        _motherboardCachedCode = null;
-        // guard to ensure we have valid IC10 before continuing
-        if (
-            !SlangPlugin.IsSlangSource(ref result)
-            || !Marshal.CompileFromString(result, out string compiled)
-            || string.IsNullOrEmpty(compiled)
-        )
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        var thisRef = Guid.NewGuid();
-
-        // Ensure we cache this compiled code for later retreival.
-        GlobalCode.SetSource(thisRef, result);
-
-        // Append REF to the bottom
-        compiled += $"\n{GlobalCode.SLANG_REF}{thisRef}";
-        result = compiled;
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard), nameof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard.OnEdit))]
-    [HarmonyPrefix]
-    public static void isc_OnEdit(ProgrammableChipMotherboard __instance)
-    {
-        _currentlyEditingMotherboard = __instance;
-        _motherboardCachedCode = __instance.GetSourceCode();
-        var sourceCode = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(
-            System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(__instance.GetSourceCode())
-        );
-
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceCode))
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Look for REF at the bottom
-        var tagIndex = sourceCode.LastIndexOf(GlobalCode.SLANG_REF);
-
-        if (tagIndex == -1)
-        {
-            // this is not slang managed code
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if (
-            !Guid.TryParse(
-                sourceCode.Substring(tagIndex + GlobalCode.SLANG_REF.Length).Trim(),
-                out Guid sourceRef
-            )
-        )
-        {
-            // not a valid Guid, not managed by slang
-            return;
-        }
-
-        var slangSource = GlobalCode.GetSource(sourceRef);
-
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(slangSource))
-        {
-            // Didn't find that source ref in the global code manager.
-            return;
-        }
-
-        __instance.SetSourceCode(slangSource);
-    }
-
-    private static void HandleSerialization(ref string sourceCode)
-    {
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceCode))
-            return;
-
-        // Check if the file ends with the Reference Tag
-        var tagIndex = sourceCode.LastIndexOf(GlobalCode.SLANG_REF);
-
-        if (tagIndex == -1)
-            return;
-
-        string guidString = sourceCode.Substring(tagIndex + GlobalCode.SLANG_REF.Length).Trim();
-
-        if (!Guid.TryParse(guidString, out Guid slangRefGuid))
-        {
-            L.Warning($"Found SLANG_REF but failed to parse GUID: {guidString}");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        var slangEncoded = GlobalCode.GetEncoded(slangRefGuid);
-
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(slangEncoded))
-        {
-            L.Warning(
-                $"Could not find encoded source for ref {slangRefGuid}. Save will contain compiled IC10 only."
-            );
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Extract the clean IC10 code (everything before the tag)
-        var cleanIc10 = sourceCode.Substring(0, tagIndex).TrimEnd();
-
-        // Append the encoded source tag to the bottom
-        sourceCode = $"{cleanIc10}\n{GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC}{slangEncoded}";
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(typeof(ProgrammableChip), nameof(ProgrammableChip.SerializeSave))]
-    [HarmonyPostfix]
-    public static void pgc_SerializeSave(ProgrammableChip __instance, ref ThingSaveData __result)
-    {
-        if (__result is not ProgrammableChipSaveData chipData)
-            return;
-
-        string code = chipData.SourceCode;
-        HandleSerialization(ref code);
-        chipData.SourceCode = code;
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(
-        typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard),
-        nameof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard.SerializeSave)
-    )]
-    [HarmonyPostfix]
-    public static void pgmb_SerializeSave(
-        ProgrammableChipMotherboard __instance,
-        ref ThingSaveData __result
-    )
-    {
-        if (__result is not ProgrammableChipMotherboardSaveData chipData)
-            return;
-
-        string code = chipData.SourceCode;
-        HandleSerialization(ref code);
-        chipData.SourceCode = code;
-    }
-
-    private static void HandleDeserialization(ref string sourceCode)
-    {
-        // Safety check for null/empty code
-        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceCode))
-            return;
-
-        // Check for the #SLANG_SRC: footer
-        int tagIndex = sourceCode.LastIndexOf(GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC);
-
-        // If the tag is missing, this is just a normal IC10 script. Do nothing.
-        if (tagIndex == -1)
-            return;
-
-        // Extract the Encoded Source (Base64)
-        string encodedSource = sourceCode.Substring(tagIndex + GlobalCode.SLANG_SRC.Length).Trim();
-
-        // Extract the IC10 Code (strip off the tag and the newline before it)
-        string ic10Code = sourceCode.Substring(0, tagIndex).TrimEnd();
-
-        // Generate a new Runtime GUID for this session
-        Guid runtimeGuid = Guid.NewGuid();
-
-        // Hydrate the Cache
-        GlobalCode.SetEncoded(runtimeGuid, encodedSource);
-
-        // Rewrite the SourceCode to the "Runtime" format (REF at bottom)
-        sourceCode = $"{ic10Code}\n{GlobalCode.SLANG_REF}{runtimeGuid}";
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(typeof(ProgrammableChip), nameof(ProgrammableChip.DeserializeSave))]
-    [HarmonyPrefix]
-    public static void pgc_DeserializeSave(ref ThingSaveData savedData)
-    {
-        if (savedData is not ProgrammableChipSaveData pcSaveData)
-            return;
-
-        string code = pcSaveData.SourceCode;
-        HandleDeserialization(ref code);
-        pcSaveData.SourceCode = code;
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(
-        typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard),
-        nameof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard.DeserializeSave)
-    )]
-    [HarmonyPrefix]
-    public static void pgmb_DeserializeSave(ref ThingSaveData savedData)
-    {
-        if (savedData is not ProgrammableChipMotherboardSaveData pcSaveData)
-            return;
-
-        string code = pcSaveData.SourceCode;
-        HandleDeserialization(ref code);
-        pcSaveData.SourceCode = code;
-    }
-
-    [HarmonyPatch(typeof(InputSourceCode), nameof(InputSourceCode.ButtonInputCancel))]
-    [HarmonyPrefix]
-    public static void isc_ButtonInputCancel()
-    {
-        if (_currentlyEditingMotherboard is null || _motherboardCachedCode is null)
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        _currentlyEditingMotherboard.SetSourceCode(_motherboardCachedCode);
-
-        _currentlyEditingMotherboard = null;
-        _motherboardCachedCode = null;
-    }
-
     [HarmonyPatch(typeof(Stationpedia), nameof(Stationpedia.Regenerate))]
     [HarmonyPostfix]
     public static void Stationpedia_Regenerate()

csharp_mod/Plugin.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
-using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using BepInEx;
 using HarmonyLib;
-using LaunchPadBooster;
 
 namespace Slang
 {
@@ -41,45 +39,32 @@ namespace Slang
     {
         public const string PluginGuid = "com.biddydev.slang";
         public const string PluginName = "Slang";
-        public const string PluginVersion = "0.1.1";
+        public const string PluginVersion = "0.4.5";
 
-        public static Mod MOD = new Mod(PluginName, PluginVersion);
+        private static Harmony? _harmony;
 
-        private Harmony? _harmony;
-
-        private static Regex? _slangSourceCheck = null;
-
-        private static Regex SlangSourceCheck
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                if (_slangSourceCheck is null)
-                {
-                    _slangSourceCheck = new Regex(@"[;{}()]|\b(let|fn|device)\b|\/\/");
-                }
-
-                return _slangSourceCheck;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static bool IsSlangSource(ref string input)
-        {
-            return SlangSourceCheck.IsMatch(input);
-        }
-
-        private void Awake()
+        public void Awake()
         {
             L.SetLogger(Logger);
-            this._harmony = new Harmony(PluginGuid);
+            _harmony = new Harmony(PluginGuid);
 
             // If we failed to load the compiler, bail from the rest of the patches. It won't matter,
             // as the compiler itself has failed to load.
             if (!Marshal.Init())
             {
+                L.Error("Marshal failed to init");
                 return;
             }
 
-            this._harmony.PatchAll();
+            _harmony.PatchAll();
+            L.Debug("Ran Harmony patches");
+        }
+
+        public void OnDestroy()
+        {
+            Marshal.Destroy();
+            _harmony?.UnpatchSelf();
+            L.Debug("Cleaned up Harmony patches");
         }
     }
 }

csharp_mod/TmpFormatter.cs

@@ -26,12 +26,18 @@ public static class TextMeshProFormatter
             RegexOptions.Singleline
         );
 
-        // 3. Handle Headers (## Header)
-        // Convert ## Header to large bold text
         text = Regex.Replace(
             text,
-            @"^##(\s+)?(.+)$",
-            "<size=120%><b>$1</b></size>",
+            @"^\s*##\s+(.+)$",
+            "<size=110%><color=#ffffff><b>$1</b></color></size>",
+            RegexOptions.Multiline
+        );
+
+        // 3. Handle # Headers SECOND (General)
+        text = Regex.Replace(
+            text,
+            @"^\s*#\s+(.+)$",
+            "<size=120%><color=#ffffff><b>$1</b></color></size>",
             RegexOptions.Multiline
         );
 

csharp_mod/stationeersSlang.csproj

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <AssemblyName>StationeersSlang</AssemblyName>
     <Description>Slang Compiler Bridge</Description>
-    <Version>0.2.0</Version>
+    <Version>0.4.2</Version>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <LangVersion>latest</LangVersion>
   </PropertyGroup>
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@
         <HintPath>./ref/Assembly-CSharp.dll</HintPath>
         <Private>False</Private>
       </Reference>
+      <Reference Include="RG.ImGui">
+        <HintPath>./ref/RG.ImGui.dll</HintPath>
+        <Private>False</Private>
+      </Reference>
 
       <Reference Include="IC10Editor.dll">
         <HintPath>./ref/IC10Editor.dll</HintPath>

docs/builtins.md

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+# Built-in Functions
+
+<!--toc:start-->
+
+- [Built-in Functions](#built-in-functions)
+  - [System Functions](#system-functions)
+    - [`yield()`](#yield)
+    - [`sleep(ticks)`](#sleepticks)
+    - [`hash(prefabName)`](#hashprefabname)
+  - [Device I/O Functions](#device-io-functions)
+    - [Reading from Devices](#reading-from-devices)
+      - [Load from device](#load-from-device)
+      - [Load From Device Batched](#load-from-device-batched)
+      - [Load From Device Batched Named](#load-from-device-batched-named)
+      - [Load Slot](#load-slot)
+      - [Load Reagent](#load-reagent)
+    - [Writing to Devices](#writing-to-devices)
+      - [Set On Device](#set-on-device)
+      - [Set On Device Batched](#set-on-device-batched)
+      - [Set On Device Batched Named](#set-on-device-batched-named)
+      - [Set Slot](#set-slot)
+  - [Math Functions](#math-functions)
+    - [Trigonometric Functions](#trigonometric-functions)
+      - [Trig Example](#trig-example)
+    - [Rounding Functions](#rounding-functions)
+      - [Rounding Example](#rounding-example)
+    - [Other Math Functions](#other-math-functions)
+      - [Math Example](#math-example)
+  - [See Also](#see-also)
+  <!--toc:end-->
+
+Slang provides built-in functions for device I/O and mathematical operations.
+These map directly to IC10 instructions.
+
+## System Functions
+
+### `yield()`
+
+Pauses execution for exactly one game tick.
+
+```rust
+yield();
+```
+
+**IC10:** `yield`
+
+---
+
+### `sleep(ticks)`
+
+Pauses execution for the specified number of ticks.
+
+```rust
+sleep(10);  // Sleep for 10 ticks
+```
+
+**IC10:** `sleep ticks`
+
+---
+
+### `hash(prefabName)`
+
+Computes the in-game hash for a prefab name. The hash is computed at compile
+time and no runtime code is generated.
+
+```rust
+const AC_HASH = hash("StructureAirConditioner");
+```
+
+**Note:** This is different from IC10's `hash` instruction, which computes the
+hash at runtime.
+
+```rust
+setBatched(AC_HASH, "On", 0);
+```
+
+**IC10:** `sb -2087593337 On 0` (no hash computation at runtime)
+
+---
+
+## Device I/O Functions
+
+### Reading from Devices
+
+#### Load from device
+
+`load(device, property)` / `l(device, property)`
+
+Loads a property value from a device:
+
+```rust
+let temp = load(sensor, "Temperature");
+let temp = l(sensor, "Temperature");
+
+// Preferred: use dot notation
+let temp = sensor.Temperature;
+```
+
+**IC10:** `l r? d? var`
+
+---
+
+#### Load From Device Batched
+
+`loadBatched(deviceHash, property, batchMode)` / `lb(...)`
+
+Loads a property from all devices matching a hash, aggregated by batch mode:
+
+```rust
+const SENSOR = hash("StructureGasSensor");
+let avgTemp = loadBatched(SENSOR, "Temperature", "Average");
+let maxTemp = lb(SENSOR, "Temperature", "Maximum");
+```
+
+**Batch Modes:** `"Average"`, `"Sum"`, `"Minimum"`, `"Maximum"`
+
+**IC10:** `lb r? deviceHash logicType batchMode`
+
+---
+
+#### Load From Device Batched Named
+
+`loadBatchedNamed(deviceHash, nameHash, property, batchMode)` / `lbn(...)`
+
+Loads a property from devices matching both device hash and name hash:
+
+```rust
+const SENSOR_HASH = hash("StructureGasSensor");
+const SENSOR_NAME_HASH = hash("Outdoor Gas Sensor");
+let avgTemp = loadBatchedNamed(SENSOR_HASH, SENSOR_NAME_HASH, "Temperature", "Average");
+let maxTemp = lbn(SENSOR_HASH, SENSOR_NAME_HASH, "Temperature", "Maximum");
+```
+
+**IC10:** `lbn r? deviceHash nameHash logicType batchMode`
+
+**Note:** This function is useful when a script interfaces with a lot of
+devices, as it allows for arbitrary device access without limited to the 6 `dx` pins.
+
+---
+
+#### Load Slot
+
+`loadSlot(device, slotIndex, property)` / `ls(...)`
+
+Loads a slot property from a device:
+
+```rust
+let occupied = loadSlot(sorter, 0, "Occupied");
+let occupied = ls(sorter, 0, "Occupied");
+```
+
+**IC10:** `ls r? d? slotIndex logicSlotType`
+
+---
+
+#### Load Reagent
+
+`loadReagent(device, reagentMode, reagentHash)` / `lr(...)`
+
+Loads reagent information from a device:
+
+```rust
+let amount = loadReagent(furnace, "Contents", reagentHash);
+let amount = lr(furnace, "Contents", reagentHash);
+```
+
+**IC10:** `lr r? d? reagentMode reagentHash`
+
+---
+
+### Writing to Devices
+
+#### Set On Device
+
+`set(device, property, value)` / `s(...)`
+
+Sets a property on a device:
+
+```rust
+set(valve, "On", true);
+s(valve, "On", true);
+
+// Preferred: use dot notation
+valve.On = true;
+```
+
+**IC10:** `s d? logicType r?`
+
+---
+
+#### Set On Device Batched
+
+`setBatched(deviceHash, property, value)` / `sb(...)`
+
+Sets a property on all devices matching a hash:
+
+```rust
+const LIGHT_HASH = hash("StructureWallLight");
+setBatched(LIGHT_HASH, "On", true);
+sb(LIGHT_HASH, "On", true);
+```
+
+**IC10:** `sb deviceHash logicType r?`
+
+**Note:** This function is useful when a script interfaces with a lot of devices,
+as it allows for arbitrary device access without limited to the 6 `dx` pins.
+
+---
+
+#### Set On Device Batched Named
+
+`setBatchedNamed(deviceHash, nameHash, property, value)` / `sbn(...)`
+
+Sets a property on devices matching both device hash and name hash:
+
+```rust
+const SENSOR_HASH = hash("StructureGasSensor");
+const SENSOR_NAME_HASH = hash("Outdoor Gas Sensor");
+setBatchedNamed(SENSOR_HASH, SENSOR_NAME_HASH, "On", true);
+sbn(SENSOR_HASH, SENSOR_NAME_HASH, "On", true);
+```
+
+**IC10:** `sbn deviceHash nameHash logicType r?`
+
+---
+
+#### Set Slot
+
+`setSlot(device, slotIndex, property, value)` / `ss(...)`
+
+Sets a slot property on a device:
+
+```rust
+setSlot(sorter, 0, "Open", true);
+ss(sorter, 0, "Open", true);
+```
+
+**IC10:** `ss d? slotIndex logicSlotType r?`
+
+---
+
+## Math Functions
+
+All math functions accept numbers, variables, or expressions as arguments.
+
+### Trigonometric Functions
+
+| Function      | Description                  | IC10    |
+| ------------- | ---------------------------- | ------- |
+| `sin(x)`      | Sine of angle in radians     | `sin`   |
+| `cos(x)`      | Cosine of angle in radians   | `cos`   |
+| `tan(x)`      | Tangent of angle in radians  | `tan`   |
+| `asin(x)`     | Arc sine, returns radians    | `asin`  |
+| `acos(x)`     | Arc cosine, returns radians  | `acos`  |
+| `atan(x)`     | Arc tangent, returns radians | `atan`  |
+| `atan2(y, x)` | Two-argument arc tangent     | `atan2` |
+
+#### Trig Example
+
+```rust
+let angle = atan2(y, x);
+let sineValue = sin(angle);
+```
+
+### Rounding Functions
+
+| Function   | Description                   | IC10    |
+| ---------- | ----------------------------- | ------- |
+| `ceil(x)`  | Round up to nearest integer   | `ceil`  |
+| `floor(x)` | Round down to nearest integer | `floor` |
+| `trunc(x)` | Remove decimal portion        | `trunc` |
+| `abs(x)`   | Absolute value                | `abs`   |
+
+#### Rounding Example
+
+```rust
+let rounded = floor(3.7);  // 3
+let positive = abs(-5);    // 5
+```
+
+### Other Math Functions
+
+| Function    | Description                   | IC10   |
+| ----------- | ----------------------------- | ------ |
+| `sqrt(x)`   | Square root                   | `sqrt` |
+| `log(x)`    | Natural logarithm             | `log`  |
+| `max(a, b)` | Maximum of two values         | `max`  |
+| `min(a, b)` | Minimum of two values         | `min`  |
+| `rand()`    | Random number between 0 and 1 | `rand` |
+
+#### Math Example
+
+```rust
+let root = sqrt(16);        // 4
+let bigger = max(a, b);
+let randomVal = rand();
+```
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Language Reference](language-reference.md) — Complete syntax guide
+- [Examples](examples.md) — Real-world code samples

docs/examples.md

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+# Examples
+
+Real-world Slang programs demonstrating common patterns.
+
+## Temperature Control
+
+Basic thermostat that controls an air conditioner based on room temperature:
+
+```rust
+device ac = "db";
+device roomGasSensor = "d0";
+
+const TARGET_TEMP = 22c;
+const HYSTERESIS = 1;
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+    let temp = roomGasSensor.Temperature;
+
+    if (temp > TARGET_TEMP + HYSTERESIS) {
+        ac.On = true;
+    } else if (temp < TARGET_TEMP - HYSTERESIS) {
+        ac.On = false;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Note:** The IC10 chip is assumed to be inserted in the air conditioner's IC slot.
+
+---
+
+## Two-Axis Solar Panel Tracking
+
+Handles two-axis solar panel tracking based on the sun's position:
+
+```rust
+device sensor = "d0";
+
+const H_PANELS = hash("StructureSolarPanelDual");
+
+loop {
+    setBatched(H_PANELS, "Horizontal", sensor.Horizontal);
+    setBatched(H_PANELS, "Vertical", sensor.Vertical + 90);
+    yield();
+}
+```
+
+**Note:** Assumes the daylight sensor is mounted with its port looking 90
+degrees east of the solar panel's data port, an offset can be added on the
+horizontal angle if needed.
+
+---
+
+## Day/Night Lighting
+
+Controls grow lights during the day and ambient lights at night:
+
+```rust
+device greenhouseSensor = "d0";
+
+const daylightSensor = hash("StructureDaylightSensor");
+const growLight = hash("StructureGrowLight");
+const wallLight = hash("StructureLightLong");
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+    let solarAngle = lb(daylightSensor, "SolarAngle", "Average");
+    let isDaylight = solarAngle < 90;
+
+    sb(growLight, "On", isDaylight);
+    sb(wallLight, "On", !isDaylight);
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Pressure Relief Valve
+
+Controls a volume pump based on pressure readings for emergency pressure relief:
+
+```rust
+device volumePump = "d0";
+device pipeSensor = "d1";
+
+const MAX_PRESSURE = 10_000;
+const R = 8.314;
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+
+    let pressure = pipeSensor.Pressure;
+
+    if (pressure > MAX_PRESSURE) {
+        // Use PV=nRT to calculate the amount of mols we need to move
+        // n = PV / RT
+        let molsToMove = (pressure - MAX_PRESSURE) *
+          pipeSensor.Volume / (R * pipeSensor.Temperature);
+
+        // V = nRT / P
+        let setting = molsToMove * R * pipeSensor.Temperature / pressure;
+        volumePump.Setting = setting;
+        volumePump.On = true;
+    } else {
+        volumePump.On = false;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Greenhouse Environment Controller
+
+Complete greenhouse control with pressure, temperature, and lighting:
+
+```rust
+device self = "db";
+device emergencyRelief = "d0";
+device greenhouseSensor = "d1";
+device recycleValve = "d2";
+
+const MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 80;
+const MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP = 28c;
+const MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 75;
+const MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP = 25c;
+const daylightSensor = 1076425094;
+const growLight = hash("StructureGrowLight");
+const wallLight = hash("StructureLightLong");
+const lightRound = hash("StructureLightRound");
+
+let shouldPurge = false;
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+    let interiorPress = greenhouseSensor.Pressure;
+    let interiorTemp = greenhouseSensor.Temperature;
+
+    shouldPurge = (
+        interiorPress > MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE ||
+        interiorTemp > MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP
+    ) || shouldPurge;
+
+    emergencyRelief.On = shouldPurge;
+    recycleValve.On = !shouldPurge;
+
+    if (
+        shouldPurge && (
+          interiorPress < MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE &&
+          interiorTemp < MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP
+          )
+        ) {
+        shouldPurge = false;
+    }
+
+    let solarAngle = lb(daylightSensor, "SolarAngle", "Average");
+    let isDaylight = solarAngle < 90;
+
+    sb(growLight, "On", isDaylight);
+    sb(wallLight, "On", !isDaylight);
+    sb(lightRound, "On", !isDaylight);
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Advanced Furnace Pressure Control
+
+Automates multi-furnace pump control based on dial setting for pressure target:
+
+```rust
+const FURNACE1 = 1234;
+const DIAL1 = 1123;
+const ANALYZER1 = 1223;
+
+const FURNACE2 = 1235;
+const DIAL2 = 1124;
+const ANALYZER2 = 1224;
+
+const FURNACE3 = 1236;
+const DIAL3 = 1124;
+const ANALYZER3 = 1225;
+
+const R = 8.314;
+
+fn handleFurnace(furnace, dial, analyzer) {
+    let pressure = furnace.Pressure;
+    let targetPressure = max(dial.Setting, 0.1) * 1000;
+
+    if (abs(targetPressure - pressure) <= 0.1) {
+        furnace.On = false;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    let molsToMove = max(furnace.TotalMoles, 1) * (
+      (targetPressure / pressure) - 1
+    );
+
+    // V = nRT / P
+    if (molsToMove > 0) {
+        // Calculate volume required
+        if (analyzer.Pressure == 0) {
+            // No more gas to add
+            furnace.On = false;
+            return;
+        }
+        let volume = molsToMove * R * analyzer.Temperature / analyzer.Pressure;
+
+        furnace.On = true;
+        furnace.SettingOutput = 0;
+        furnace.SettingInput = volume;
+
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Calculate volume required
+    let volume = (-molsToMove) * R * furnace.Temperature / pressure;
+
+    furnace.On = true;
+    furnace.SettingInput = 0;
+    furnace.SettingOutput = volume;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+
+    handleFurnace(FURNACE1, DIAL1, ANALYZER1);
+    handleFurnace(FURNACE2, DIAL2, ANALYZER2);
+    handleFurnace(FURNACE3, DIAL3, ANALYZER3);
+}
+```
+
+**Note:** This example does not handle edge cases such as insufficient gas in
+the input network or overfilling the furnace/pipe network.
+
+---
+
+## Common Patterns
+
+### Waiting for a Condition
+
+```rust
+fn waitForDeviceToTurnOff(device) {
+    while (device.On) {
+        yield();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Getting Started](getting-started.md) — First steps with Slang
+- [Language Reference](language-reference.md) — Complete syntax guide
+- [Built-in Functions](builtins.md) — System calls and math functions

docs/getting-started.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# Getting Started
+
+<!--toc:start-->
+
+- [Getting Started](#getting-started)
+  - [Program Structure](#program-structure)
+  - [The `yield()` Function](#the-yield-function)
+  - [Your First Program](#your-first-program)
+    - [Explanation](#explanation)
+  - [Comments](#comments)
+  - [See Also](#see-also)
+  <!--toc:end-->
+
+This guide covers the basics of writing your first Slang program.
+
+## Program Structure
+
+A Slang program consists of top-level declarations and a main loop:
+
+```rust
+// Device declarations
+device self = "db";
+device sensor = "d0";
+
+// Constants
+const THRESHOLD = 100;
+
+// Variables
+let counter = 0;
+
+// Main program loop
+loop {
+    yield();
+    // Your logic here
+}
+```
+
+## The `yield()` Function
+
+IC10 programs run continuously. The `yield()` function pauses execution for one
+game tick, preventing the script from consuming excessive resources.
+
+**Important:** You should always include `yield()` in your main loop unless you
+know what you're doing.
+
+```rust
+loop {
+    yield(); // Recommended!
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+## Your First Program
+
+Here's a simple program that turns on a light when a gas sensor detects low
+pressure:
+
+```rust
+device gasSensor = "d0";
+device light = "d1";
+
+const LOW_PRESSURE = 50;
+
+loop {
+    yield();
+    light.On = gasSensor.Pressure < LOW_PRESSURE;
+}
+```
+
+### Explanation
+
+1. `device gasSensor = "d0"` — Binds the device at port `d0` to the name
+   `gasSensor`
+2. `device light = "d1"` — Binds the device at port `d1` to the name `light`
+3. `const LOW_PRESSURE = 50` — Defines a compile-time constant
+4. `loop { ... }` — Creates an infinite loop
+5. `yield()` — Pauses for one tick
+6. `light.On = gasSensor.Pressure < LOW_PRESSURE` — Reads the pressure and sets
+   the light state
+
+## Comments
+
+Slang supports single-line comments and documentation comments:
+
+```rust
+// This is a regular comment
+
+/// This is a documentation comment
+/// It can span multiple lines
+fn myFunction() {
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Language Reference](language-reference.md) — Complete syntax guide
+- [Built-in Functions](builtins.md) — Available system calls
+- [Examples](examples.md) — Real-world programs and patterns

docs/language-reference.md

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+# Language Reference
+
+<!--toc:start-->
+
+- [Language Reference](#language-reference)
+  - [Literals](#literals)
+    - [Numbers](#numbers)
+    - [Temperature Literals](#temperature-literals)
+    - [Booleans](#booleans)
+    - [Strings](#strings)
+  - [Variables](#variables)
+    - [`let` - Mutable Variables](#let-mutable-variables)
+    - [`const` - Constants](#const-constants)
+  - [Device Declarations](#device-declarations)
+    - [Device Property Access](#device-property-access)
+    - [Device Property Assignment](#device-property-assignment)
+  - [Operators](#operators)
+    - [Arithmetic Operators](#arithmetic-operators)
+    - [Comparison Operators](#comparison-operators)
+    - [Logical Operators](#logical-operators)
+    - [Ternary Operator](#ternary-operator)
+    - [Operator Precedence](#operator-precedence)
+  - [Control Flow](#control-flow)
+    - [`if` / `else`](#if-and-else)
+    - [`loop`](#loop)
+    - [`while`](#while)
+    - [`break`](#break)
+    - [`continue`](#continue)
+  - [Functions](#functions)
+    - [Declaration](#declaration)
+    - [Invocation](#invocation)
+    - [Return Values](#return-values)
+  - [Parentheses for Grouping](#parentheses-for-grouping)
+  - [See Also](#see-also)
+  <!--toc:end-->
+
+Complete syntax reference for the Slang programming language.
+
+## Literals
+
+### Numbers
+
+Numbers can be integers or decimals. Underscores are allowed as visual
+separators:
+
+```rust
+const integer = 42;                 // Integer
+const decimal = 3.14;               // Decimal
+const million = 1_000_000;          // Integer with separators
+const decimalSeparators = 5_000.50; // Decimal with separators
+```
+
+### Temperature Literals
+
+Append a unit suffix to specify temperature. Values are automatically converted
+to Kelvin at compile time:
+
+| Suffix | Unit       | Example |
+| ------ | ---------- | ------- |
+| `c`    | Celsius    | `20c`   |
+| `f`    | Fahrenheit | `68f`   |
+| `k`    | Kelvin     | `293k`  |
+
+```rust
+const ROOM_TEMP = 20c;       // Converts to 293.15 Kelvin
+const FREEZING  = 32f;       // Converts to 273.15 Kelvin
+const ABSOLUTE1 = 0k;        // Already in Kelvin
+const ABSOLUTE2 = 0;         // Assumed to be in Kelvin
+```
+
+### Booleans
+
+Booleans compile to integer values `1` and `0` in IC10.
+
+```rust
+device ac = "d0";
+
+ac.Mode = false;
+ac.On = true;
+```
+
+### Strings
+
+Strings use double or single quotes. They are primarily used for prefab and
+name hashes.
+
+```rust
+const AC_HASH = hash("StructureAirConditioner");
+const AC_NAME_HASH = hash("Greenhouse Air Conditioner");
+```
+
+## Variables
+
+### `let` Mutable Variables
+
+Declares a variable that can be reassigned:
+
+```rust
+let counter = 0;
+// ...
+counter = counter + 1;
+```
+
+### `const` Constants
+
+Declares a compile-time constant. Constants are inlined and do not consume
+registers:
+
+```rust
+const MAX_PRESSURE = 10_000;
+const DOOR_HASH = hash("StructureCompositeDoor");
+```
+
+Constants support the `hash()` function for compile-time hash computation.
+
+## Device Declarations
+
+The `device` keyword binds a device port or reference ID to a named variable:
+
+```rust
+device self = "db";   // IC housing, or device the IC is plugged into (eg. an AC)
+device sensor = "d0"; // Device at port d0
+device valve = "d1";  // Device at port d1
+device ac1 = "$3FC";  // Device with reference ID $3FC (hexadecimal 1020)
+device ac2 = "1020";  // Device with reference ID 1020 (decimal)
+```
+
+**Note:** Reference IDs can be found in-game using the Configuration cartridge.
+
+### Device Property Access
+
+Read device properties using dot notation:
+
+```rust
+let temp = sensor.Temperature;
+let pressure = sensor.Pressure;
+let isOn = valve.On;
+```
+
+### Device Property Assignment
+
+Write to device properties using dot notation:
+
+```rust
+valve.On = true;
+valve.Setting = 100;
+```
+
+## Operators
+
+### Arithmetic Operators
+
+| Operator | Description    | Example  |
+| -------- | -------------- | -------- |
+| `+`      | Addition       | `a + b`  |
+| `-`      | Subtraction    | `a - b`  |
+| `*`      | Multiplication | `a * b`  |
+| `/`      | Division       | `a / b`  |
+| `%`      | Modulo         | `a % b`  |
+| `**`     | Exponentiation | `a ** b` |
+| `-`      | Negation       | `-a`     |
+
+### Comparison Operators
+
+| Operator | Description           | Example  |
+| -------- | --------------------- | -------- |
+| `==`     | Equal                 | `a == b` |
+| `!=`     | Not equal             | `a != b` |
+| `<`      | Less than             | `a < b`  |
+| `>`      | Greater than          | `a > b`  |
+| `<=`     | Less than or equal    | `a <= b` |
+| `>=`     | Greater than or equal | `a >= b` |
+
+### Logical Operators
+
+| Operator | Description | Example    |
+| -------- | ----------- | ---------- |
+| `&&`     | Logical AND | `a && b`   |
+| `\|\|`   | Logical OR  | `a \|\| b` |
+| `!`      | Logical NOT | `!a`       |
+
+### Ternary Operator
+
+Conditional expressions using `?` and `:`:
+
+```rust
+let result = condition ? valueIfTrue : valueIfFalse;
+```
+
+### Operator Precedence
+
+Operators are evaluated in the following order, from highest to lowest
+precedence:
+
+| Precedence | Operator(s)       | Description                      |
+| ---------- | ----------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| 1          | `()` `.`          | Grouping, Property access        |
+| 2          | `!` `-`           | Logical NOT, Negation            |
+| 3          | `**`              | Exponentiation                   |
+| 4          | `*` `/` `%`       | Multiplication, Division, Modulo |
+| 5          | `+` `-`           | Addition, Subtraction            |
+| 6          | `<` `<=` `>` `>=` | Comparison                       |
+| 7          | `==` `!=`         | Equality                         |
+| 8          | `&&`              | Logical AND                      |
+| 9          | `\|\|`            | Logical OR                       |
+| 10         | `?:`              | Ternary conditional              |
+| 11         | `=`               | Assignment                       |
+
+Use parentheses to override precedence:
+
+```rust
+let result = (20 + 10) * 5;
+```
+
+## Control Flow
+
+### if and else
+
+Conditional branching:
+
+```rust
+if (tank.Temperature > 30c) {
+    ac.On = true;
+} else {
+    ac.On = false;
+}
+```
+
+### `loop`
+
+Infinite loop that runs until `break`:
+
+```rust
+loop {
+    yield();
+    // Loop body
+    if (condition) {
+        break;  // Exit the loop
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### `while`
+
+Conditional loop that runs while the condition is true:
+
+```rust
+while (counter < 100) {
+    counter = counter + 1;
+    yield();
+}
+```
+
+### `break`
+
+Exits the current loop:
+
+```rust
+loop {
+    yield();
+    // ...
+    if (done) {
+        break;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### `continue`
+
+Skips to the next iteration of the current loop:
+
+```rust
+loop {
+    yield();
+    if (shouldSkip) {
+        continue;
+    }
+    // This code is skipped when shouldSkip is true
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+## Functions
+
+**Warning:** Functions are currently experimental and may produce suboptimal code.
+
+### Declaration
+
+```rust
+fn functionName(arg1, arg2) {
+    // Function body
+    return arg1 + arg2;
+}
+```
+
+### Invocation
+
+```rust
+let result = functionName(10, 20);
+```
+
+### Return Values
+
+Use `return` to exit a function and optionally return a value:
+
+```rust
+fn calculate(x) {
+    if (x < 0) {
+        return 0;  // Early return
+    }
+
+    return x * 2;
+}
+
+fn doWork() {
+    // No return value
+    return;
+}
+```
+
+## Parentheses for Grouping
+
+Use parentheses to control operator precedence:
+
+```rust
+let result = (a + b) * c;
+
+let complex = (
+    temp > 0c &&
+    stress < 50 &&
+    (pressure < 10_000 || temp > 20c)
+);
+```
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Getting Started](getting-started.md) — First steps with Slang
+- [Built-in Functions](builtins.md) — System calls and math functions
+- [Examples](examples.md) — Real-world code samples

rust_compiler/Cargo.lock

@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
-version = "3.19.0"
+version = "3.19.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "46c5e41b57b8bba42a04676d81cb89e9ee8e859a1a66f80a5a72e1cb76b34d43"
+checksum = "5dd9dc738b7a8311c7ade152424974d8115f2cdad61e8dab8dac9f2362298510"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytecheck"
@@ -268,6 +268,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "helpers",
+ "il",
  "indoc",
  "lsp-types",
  "parser",
@@ -397,6 +398,15 @@ name = "helpers"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
+ "lsp-types",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "il"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "helpers",
+ "rust_decimal",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -563,6 +573,16 @@ version = "1.70.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "384b8ab6d37215f3c5301a95a4accb5d64aa607f1fcb26a11b5303878451b4fe"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "optimizer"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "helpers",
+ "il",
+ "rust_decimal",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "parser"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -571,6 +591,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "helpers",
  "lsp-types",
  "pretty_assertions",
+ "safer-ffi",
  "thiserror",
  "tokenizer",
 ]
@@ -909,13 +930,14 @@ checksum = "e3a9fe34e3e7a50316060351f37187a3f546bce95496156754b601a5fa71b76e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.4.5"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
  "compiler",
  "helpers",
  "lsp-types",
+ "optimizer",
  "parser",
  "rust_decimal",
  "safer-ffi",
@@ -1041,18 +1063,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
-version = "0.7.3"
+version = "0.7.4+spec-1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f2cdb639ebbc97961c51720f858597f7f24c4fc295327923af55b74c3c724533"
+checksum = "fe3cea6b2aa3b910092f6abd4053ea464fab5f9c170ba5e9a6aead16ec4af2b6"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.23.7"
+version = "0.23.10+spec-1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6485ef6d0d9b5d0ec17244ff7eb05310113c3f316f2d14200d4de56b3cb98f8d"
+checksum = "84c8b9f757e028cee9fa244aea147aab2a9ec09d5325a9b01e0a49730c2b5269"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "toml_datetime",
@@ -1062,9 +1084,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_parser"
-version = "1.0.4"
+version = "1.0.5+spec-1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c0cbe268d35bdb4bb5a56a2de88d0ad0eb70af5384a99d648cd4b3d04039800e"
+checksum = "4c03bee5ce3696f31250db0bbaff18bc43301ce0e8db2ed1f07cbb2acf89984c"
 dependencies = [
  "winnow",
 ]

rust_compiler/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.4.5"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [workspace]
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ members = ["libs/*"]
 [workspace.dependencies]
 thiserror = "2"
 rust_decimal = "1"
-safer-ffi = { version = "0.1" }  # Safely share structs in memory between C# and Rust
-lsp-types = { version = "0.97" } # Allows for LSP style reporting to the frontend
-crc32fast = "1.5"                # This is for `HASH(..)` calls to be optimized away
+safer-ffi = { version = "0.1" }                         # Safely share structs in memory between C# and Rust
+lsp-types = { version = "0.97" }                        # Allows for LSP style reporting to the frontend
+crc32fast = "1.5"                                       # This is for `HASH(..)` calls to be optimized away
+anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }
 
 [features]
 headers = ["safer-ffi/headers"]
@@ -42,7 +43,8 @@ tokenizer = { path = "libs/tokenizer" }
 parser = { path = "libs/parser" }
 compiler = { path = "libs/compiler" }
 helpers = { path = "libs/helpers" }
+optimizer = { path = "libs/optimizer" }
 safer-ffi = { workspace = true }
-anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ thiserror = { workspace = true }
 parser = { path = "../parser" }
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+il = { path = "../il" }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
 

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ mod test;
 mod v1;
 mod variable_manager;
 
-pub use v1::{Compiler, CompilerConfig, Error};
+pub use v1::{CompilationResult, Compiler, CompilerConfig, Error};

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/binary_expression.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-use crate::compile;
+use anyhow::Result;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
 #[test]
-fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn simple_binary_expression() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 3 #i
+            move r8 3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn nested_binary_expressions() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -44,25 +44,25 @@ fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             calculateArgs:
-            pop r8 #arg3
-            pop r9 #arg2
-            pop r10 #arg1
+            pop r8
+            pop r9
+            pop r10
             push ra
             add r1 r10 r9
             mul r2 r1 r8
             move r15 r2
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
             push 10
             push 20
             push 30
             jal calculateArgs
-            move r1 r15 #__binary_temp_3
+            move r1 r15
             add r2 r1 100
-            move r8 r2 #returned
+            move r8 r2
             "
         }
     );
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 -123 #negationHell
+            move r8 -123
             "
         }
     );
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         r#"
@@ -113,7 +113,108 @@ fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             mul r2 373.2 r1
             sub r3 1 r2
             add r4 r3 518.15
-            move r8 r4 #i
+            move r8 r4
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let i = 1 > 2 ? 15 : 20;
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            sgt r1 1 2
+            select r2 r1 15 20
+            move r8 r2
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression_assignment() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let i = 0;
+        i = 1 > 2 ? 15 : 20;
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 0
+            sgt r1 1 2
+            select r2 r1 15 20
+            move r8 r2
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_negative_literals() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile!(
+    debug
+    r#"
+        let item = -10c - 20c;
+    "#
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 243.15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_mismatched_temperature_literals() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile!(
+    debug
+    r#"
+        let item = -10c - 100k;
+        let item2 = item + 500c;
+    "#
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 163.15
+            add r1 r8 773.15
+            move r9 r1
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/branching.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
@@ -20,11 +19,11 @@ fn test_if_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 10 #a
+            move r8 10
             sgt r1 r8 5
-            beq r1 0 L1
-            move r8 20 #a
-            L1:
+            beqz r1 __internal_L1
+            move r8 20
+            __internal_L1:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -52,14 +51,14 @@ fn test_if_else_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             sgt r1 10 5
-            beq r1 0 L2
-            move r8 1 #a
-            j L1
-            L2:
-            move r8 2 #a
-            L1:
+            beqz r1 __internal_L2
+            move r8 1
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
+            move r8 2
+            __internal_L1:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -89,20 +88,20 @@ fn test_if_else_if_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             seq r1 r8 1
-            beq r1 0 L2
-            move r8 10 #a
-            j L1
-            L2:
+            beqz r1 __internal_L2
+            move r8 10
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
             seq r2 r8 2
-            beq r2 0 L4
-            move r8 20 #a
-            j L3
-            L4:
-            move r8 30 #a
-            L3:
-            L1:
+            beqz r2 __internal_L4
+            move r8 20
+            j __internal_L3
+            __internal_L4:
+            move r8 30
+            __internal_L3:
+            __internal_L1:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -136,19 +135,19 @@ fn test_spilled_variable_update_in_branch() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #a
-            move r9 2 #b
-            move r10 3 #c
-            move r11 4 #d
-            move r12 5 #e
-            move r13 6 #f
-            move r14 7 #g
-            push 8 #h
+            move r8 1
+            move r9 2
+            move r10 3
+            move r11 4
+            move r12 5
+            move r13 6
+            move r14 7
+            push 8
             seq r1 r8 1
-            beq r1 0 L1
+            beqz r1 __internal_L1
             sub r0 sp 1
-            put db r0 99 #h
-            L1:
+            put db r0 99
+            __internal_L1:
             sub sp sp 1
             "
         }

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/declaration_function_invocation.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
@@ -17,13 +16,12 @@ fn no_arguments() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         j main
         doSomething:
         push ra
-        sub r0 sp 1
-        get ra db r0
-        sub sp sp 1
+        __internal_L1:
+        pop ra
         j ra
         main:
         jal doSomething
-        move r8 r15 #i
+        move r8 r15
         "
     };
 
@@ -34,14 +32,17 @@ fn no_arguments() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
 #[test]
 fn let_var_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    // !IMPORTANT this needs to be stabilized as it currently incorrectly calculates sp offset at
-    // both ends of the cleanup lifecycle
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
-        fn doSomething(arg1) {};
-        let arg1 = 123;
-        let i = doSomething(arg1);
+        fn mul2(arg1) {
+            return arg1 * 2;
+        };
+        loop {
+            let arg1 = 123;
+            let i = mul2(arg1);
+            i = i ** 2;
+        }
         "
     };
 
@@ -50,23 +51,27 @@ fn let_var_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
-            doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg1
+            mul2:
+            pop r8
             push ra
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            mul r1 r8 2
+            move r15 r1
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #arg1
+            __internal_L2:
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push r8
-            jal doSomething
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get r8 db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #i
-            sub sp sp 1
+            jal mul2
+            pop r8
+            move r9 r15
+            pow r1 r9 2
+            move r9 r1
+            j __internal_L2
+            __internal_L3:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -97,7 +102,9 @@ fn inline_literal_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
-        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2) {};
+        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2) {
+            return 5;
+        };
         let thisVariableShouldStayInPlace = 123;
         let returnedValue = doSomething(12, 34);
         "
@@ -109,24 +116,22 @@ fn inline_literal_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r8
+            pop r9
             push ra
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            move r15 5
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #thisVariableShouldStayInPlace
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push 12
             push 34
             jal doSomething
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get r8 db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #returnedValue
-            sub sp sp 1
+            pop r8
+            move r9 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -151,24 +156,20 @@ fn mixed_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r8
+            pop r9
             push ra
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #arg1
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push r8
             push 456
             jal doSomething
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get r8 db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #returnValue
-            sub sp sp 1
+            pop r8
+            move r9 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -195,17 +196,17 @@ fn with_return_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg1
+            pop r8
             push ra
-            move r15 456 #returnValue
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            move r15 456
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
             push 123
             jal doSomething
-            move r8 r15 #returned
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -232,14 +233,13 @@ fn with_negative_return_literal() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             doSomething:
             push ra
-            move r15 -1 #returnValue
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            move r15 -1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
             jal doSomething
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/declaration_literal.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn variable_declaration_numeric_literal() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 293.15 #i
+            move r8 293.15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ fn variable_declaration_numeric_literal_stack_spillover() -> anyhow::Result<()>
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
-            move r9 1 #b
-            move r10 2 #c
-            move r11 3 #d
-            move r12 4 #e
-            move r13 5 #f
-            move r14 6 #g
-            push 7 #h
-            push 8 #i
-            push 9 #j
+            move r8 0
+            move r9 1
+            move r10 2
+            move r11 3
+            move r12 4
+            move r13 5
+            move r14 6
+            push 7
+            push 8
+            push 9
             sub sp sp 3
             "
         }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fn variable_declaration_negative() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 -1 #i
+            move r8 -1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ fn test_boolean_declaration() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #t
-            move r9 0 #f
+            move r8 1
+            move r9 0
             "
         }
     );
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ fn test_boolean_return() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         fn getTrue() {
             return true;
         };
-        
+
         let val = getTrue();
         "
     };
@@ -132,14 +132,14 @@ fn test_boolean_return() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             getTrue:
             push ra
-            move r15 1 #returnValue
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            move r15 1
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
             main:
             jal getTrue
-            move r8 r15 #val
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/function_declaration.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,12 @@ use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 fn test_function_declaration_with_spillover_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile!(debug r#"
         // we need more than 4 params to 'spill' into a stack var
-        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8, arg9) {};
+        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8, arg9) {
+            return arg1 + arg2 + arg3 + arg4 + arg5 + arg6 + arg7 + arg8 + arg9;
+        };
+
+        let item1 = 1;
+        let returned = doSomething(item1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
     "#);
 
     assert_eq!(
@@ -13,24 +18,93 @@ fn test_function_declaration_with_spillover_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {"
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg9
-            pop r9 #arg8
-            pop r10 #arg7
-            pop r11 #arg6
-            pop r12 #arg5
-            pop r13 #arg4
-            pop r14 #arg3
+            pop r8
+            pop r9
+            pop r10
+            pop r11
+            pop r12
+            pop r13
+            pop r14
             push ra
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 3
+            sub r0 sp 3
+            get r1 db r0
+            sub r0 sp 2
+            get r2 db r0
+            add r3 r1 r2
+            add r4 r3 r14
+            add r5 r4 r13
+            add r6 r5 r12
+            add r7 r6 r11
+            add r1 r7 r10
+            add r2 r1 r9
+            add r3 r2 r8
+            move r15 r3
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
+            sub sp sp 2
             j ra
+            main:
+            move r8 1
+            push r8
+            push r8
+            push 2
+            push 3
+            push 4
+            push 5
+            push 6
+            push 7
+            push 8
+            push 9
+            jal doSomething
+            pop r8
+            move r9 r15
         "}
     );
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn test_early_return() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile!(debug r#"
+        // This is a test function declaration with no body
+        fn doSomething() {
+            if (1 == 1) {
+                return;
+            }
+            let i = 1 + 2;
+            return;
+        };
+        doSomething();
+    "#);
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            doSomething:
+            push ra
+            seq r1 1 1
+            beqz r1 __internal_L2
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
+            move r8 3
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
+            j ra
+            main:
+            jal doSomething
+            move r1 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_function_declaration_with_register_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile!(debug r#"
@@ -44,12 +118,11 @@ fn test_function_declaration_with_register_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {"
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r8
+            pop r9
             push ra
-            sub r0 sp 1
-            get ra db r0
-            sub sp sp 1
+            __internal_L1:
+            pop ra
             j ra
         "}
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/logic_expression.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
@@ -23,17 +22,17 @@ fn test_comparison_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sgt r1 10 5
-            move r8 r1 #isGreater
+            move r8 r1
             slt r2 5 10
-            move r9 r2 #isLess
+            move r9 r2
             seq r3 5 5
-            move r10 r3 #isEqual
+            move r10 r3
             sne r4 5 10
-            move r11 r4 #isNotEqual
+            move r11 r4
             sge r5 10 10
-            move r12 r5 #isGreaterOrEqual
+            move r12 r5
             sle r6 5 5
-            move r13 r6 #isLessOrEqual
+            move r13 r6
             "
         }
     );
@@ -59,11 +58,11 @@ fn test_logical_and_or_not() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             and r1 1 1
-            move r8 r1 #logic1
+            move r8 r1
             or r2 1 0
-            move r9 r2 #logic2
+            move r9 r2
             seq r3 1 0
-            move r10 r3 #logic3
+            move r10 r3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -89,7 +88,7 @@ fn test_complex_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             sgt r1 10 5
             slt r2 5 10
             and r3 r1 r2
-            move r8 r3 #logic
+            move r8 r3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@ fn test_math_with_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sgt r1 3 1
-            move r8 r1 #logic
+            move r8 r1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ fn test_boolean_in_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             and r1 1 0
-            move r8 r1 #res
+            move r8 r1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -163,11 +162,11 @@ fn test_invert_a_boolean() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #i
+            move r8 1
             seq r1 r8 0
-            move r9 r1 #y
+            move r9 r1
             seq r2 r9 0
-            move r10 r2 #result
+            move r10 r2
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/loops.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
@@ -14,19 +13,19 @@ fn test_infinite_loop() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         "
     };
 
-    // Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end)
+    // __internal_Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end)
     assert_eq!(
         compiled,
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
-            L1:
+            move r8 0
+            __internal_L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
-            j L1
-            L2:
+            move r8 r1
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -49,23 +48,23 @@ fn test_loop_break() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         "
     };
 
-    // Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end), L3 (if end - implicit else label)
+    // __internal_Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end), L3 (if end - implicit else label)
     assert_eq!(
         compiled,
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
-            L1:
+            move r8 0
+            __internal_L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
+            move r8 r1
             sgt r2 r8 10
-            beq r2 0 L3
-            j L2
-            L3:
-            j L1
-            L2:
+            beqz r2 __internal_L3
+            j __internal_L2
+            __internal_L3:
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -85,21 +84,21 @@ fn test_while_loop() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         "
     };
 
-    // Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end)
+    // __internal_Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end)
     assert_eq!(
         compiled,
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
-            L1:
+            move r8 0
+            __internal_L1:
             slt r1 r8 10
-            beq r1 0 L2
+            beqz r1 __internal_L2
             add r2 r8 1
-            move r8 r2 #a
-            j L1
-            L2:
+            move r8 r2
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -123,24 +122,24 @@ fn test_loop_continue() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         "#
     };
 
-    // Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end), L3 (if end)
+    // __internal_Labels: L1 (start), L2 (end), L3 (if end)
     assert_eq!(
         compiled,
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
-            L1:
+            move r8 0
+            __internal_L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
+            move r8 r1
             slt r2 r8 5
-            beq r2 0 L3
-            j L1
-            L3:
-            j L2
-            j L1
-            L2:
+            beqz r2 __internal_L3
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L3:
+            j __internal_L2
+            j __internal_L1
+            __internal_L2:
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/math_syscall.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use anyhow::Result;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ fn test_acos() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             acos r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ fn test_asin() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             asin r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@ fn test_atan() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             atan r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ fn test_atan2() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             atan2 r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ fn test_abs() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             abs r15 -123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ fn test_ceil() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             ceil r15 123.90
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -163,7 +162,7 @@ fn test_cos() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             cos r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ fn test_floor() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             floor r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -211,7 +210,7 @@ fn test_log() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             log r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -235,7 +234,33 @@ fn test_max() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             max r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_max_from_game() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let item = 0;
+        item = max(1 + 2, 2);
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 0
+            max r15 3 2
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -259,7 +284,7 @@ fn test_min() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             min r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -283,7 +308,7 @@ fn test_rand() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             rand r15
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -307,7 +332,7 @@ fn test_sin() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sin r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -331,7 +356,7 @@ fn test_sqrt() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sqrt r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -355,7 +380,7 @@ fn test_tan() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             tan r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -379,7 +404,7 @@ fn test_trunc() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             trunc r15 3.234
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/mod.rs

@@ -12,31 +12,29 @@ macro_rules! compile {
         let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = ::Compiler::new(
             parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
-            &mut writer,
             None,
         );
-        compiler.compile();
+        let res = compiler.compile();
+        res.instructions.write(&mut writer)?;
         output!(writer)
     }};
 
     (result $source:expr) => {{
-        let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
             parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
-            &mut writer,
             Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
         );
-        compiler.compile()
+        compiler.compile().errors
     }};
 
     (debug $source:expr) => {{
         let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
             parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
-            &mut writer,
             Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
         );
-        compiler.compile();
+        let res = compiler.compile();
+        res.instructions.write(&mut writer)?;
         output!(writer)
     }};
 }

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/syscall.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use crate::compile;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ fn test_sleep() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sleep 3
-            move r8 15 #sleepAmount
+            move r8 15
             sleep r8
             mul r1 r8 2
             sleep r1
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ fn test_set_on_device() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 293.15 #internalTemp
+            move r8 293.15
             sgt r1 r8 298.15
             s d0 On r1
             "
@@ -150,7 +149,84 @@ fn test_load_from_device() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             l r15 d0 On
-            move r8 r15 #setting
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_load_from_slot() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        device airCon = "d0";
+
+        let setting = ls(airCon, 0, "Occupied");
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            ls r15 d0 0 Occupied
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_set_slot() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        device airCon = "d0";
+
+        ss(airCon, 0, "Occupied", true);
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            ss d0 0 Occupied 1
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_load_reagent() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        device thingy = "d0";
+
+        let something = lr(thingy, "Contents", hash("Iron"));
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            lr r15 d0 Contents -666742878
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/variable_manager.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 // r1 - r7   : Temporary Variables
 // r8 - r14  : Persistant Variables
 
+use helpers::Span;
 use lsp_types::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticSeverity};
-use parser::tree_node::{Literal, Span};
+use parser::tree_node::Literal;
 use std::{
     borrow::Cow,
     collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ pub enum LocationRequest {
     Stack,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum VariableLocation<'a> {
     /// Represents a temporary register (r1 - r7)
     Temporary(u8),
@@ -66,7 +67,6 @@ pub enum VariableLocation<'a> {
     Device(Cow<'a, str>),
 }
 
-// FIX: Added 'b lifetime for the parent reference
 pub struct VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     temporary_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
     persistant_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ pub struct VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     parent: Option<&'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>>,
 }
 
-// FIX: Updated Default impl to include 'b
 impl<'a, 'b> Default for VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -88,7 +87,6 @@ impl<'a, 'b> Default for VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     }
 }
 
-// FIX: Updated impl block to include 'b
 impl<'a, 'b> VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub const TEMP_REGISTER_COUNT: u8 = 7;
@@ -97,22 +95,23 @@ impl<'a, 'b> VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     pub const RETURN_REGISTER: u8 = 15;
     pub const TEMP_STACK_REGISTER: u8 = 0;
 
-    pub fn registers(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &u8> {
-        self.var_lookup_table
-            .values()
-            .filter(|val| {
-                matches!(
-                    val,
-                    VariableLocation::Temporary(_) | VariableLocation::Persistant(_)
-                )
-            })
-            .map(|loc| match loc {
-                VariableLocation::Persistant(reg) | VariableLocation::Temporary(reg) => reg,
-                _ => unreachable!(),
-            })
+    pub fn registers(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut used = Vec::new();
+
+        for r in TEMP {
+            if !self.temporary_vars.contains(&r) {
+                used.push(r);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for r in PERSIST {
+            if !self.persistant_vars.contains(&r) {
+                used.push(r);
+            }
+        }
+        used
     }
 
-    // FIX: parent is now &'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>
     pub fn scoped(parent: &'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>) -> Self {
         Self {
             parent: Option::Some(parent),

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
 crc32fast = { workspace = true }
+lsp-types = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,44 @@ mod helper_funcs;
 mod macros;
 mod syscall;
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Span {
+    pub start_line: usize,
+    pub end_line: usize,
+    pub start_col: usize,
+    pub end_col: usize,
+}
+
+impl From<Span> for lsp_types::Range {
+    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.start_line as u32,
+                character: value.start_col as u32,
+            },
+            end: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.end_line as u32,
+                character: value.end_col as u32,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&Span> for lsp_types::Range {
+    fn from(value: &Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.start_line as u32,
+                character: value.start_col as u32,
+            },
+            end: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.end_line as u32,
+                character: value.end_col as u32,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// This trait will allow the LSP to emit documentation for various tokens and expressions.
 /// You can easily create documentation for large enums with the `documented!` macro.
 pub trait Documentation {

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/syscall.rs

@@ -9,9 +9,12 @@ macro_rules! with_syscalls {
             "load",
             "loadBatched",
             "loadBatchedNamed",
+            "loadSlot",
+            "loadReagent",
             "set",
             "setBatched",
             "setBatchedNamed",
+            "setSlot",
             "acos",
             "asin",
             "atan",
@@ -32,9 +35,12 @@ macro_rules! with_syscalls {
             "l",
             "lb",
             "lbn",
+            "ls",
+            "lr",
             "s",
             "sb",
-            "sbn"
+            "sbn",
+            "ss"
         );
     };
 }

rust_compiler/libs/il/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "il"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+rust_decimal = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/il/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+use helpers::Span;
+use rust_decimal::Decimal;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io::{BufWriter, Write};
+use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct Instructions<'a>(Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>);
+
+impl<'a> Deref for Instructions<'a> {
+    type Target = Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> DerefMut for Instructions<'a> {
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
+        &mut self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Instructions<'a> {
+    pub fn new(instructions: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> Self {
+        Self(instructions)
+    }
+    pub fn into_inner(self) -> Vec<InstructionNode<'a>> {
+        self.0
+    }
+    pub fn write<W: Write>(self, writer: &mut BufWriter<W>) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+        for node in self.0 {
+            writer.write_all(node.to_string().as_bytes())?;
+            writer.write_all(b"\n")?;
+        }
+
+        writer.flush()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    pub fn source_map(&self) -> HashMap<usize, Span> {
+        let mut map = HashMap::new();
+
+        for (line_num, node) in self.0.iter().enumerate() {
+            if let Some(span) = node.span {
+                map.insert(line_num, span);
+            }
+        }
+
+        map
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Instructions<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        for node in &self.0 {
+            writeln!(f, "{node}")?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct InstructionNode<'a> {
+    pub instruction: Instruction<'a>,
+    pub span: Option<Span>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for InstructionNode<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.instruction)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> InstructionNode<'a> {
+    pub fn new(instr: Instruction<'a>, span: Option<Span>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            span,
+            instruction: instr,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents the different types of operands available in IC10.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Operand<'a> {
+    /// A hardware register (r0-r15)
+    Register(u8),
+    /// A device alias or direct connection (d0-d5, db)
+    Device(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// A numeric literal (integer or float)
+    Number(Decimal),
+    /// A label used for jumping
+    Label(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// A logic type string (e.g., "Temperature", "Open")
+    LogicType(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// Special register: Stack Pointer
+    StackPointer,
+    /// Special register: Return Address
+    ReturnAddress,
+}
+
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for Operand<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Operand::Register(r) => write!(f, "r{}", r),
+            Operand::Device(d) => write!(f, "{}", d),
+            Operand::Number(n) => write!(f, "{}", n),
+            Operand::Label(l) => write!(f, "{}", l),
+            Operand::LogicType(t) => write!(f, "{}", t),
+            Operand::StackPointer => write!(f, "sp"),
+            Operand::ReturnAddress => write!(f, "ra"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents a single IC10 MIPS instruction.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Instruction<'a> {
+    /// `move dst val` - Copy value to register
+    Move(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `add dst a b` - Addition
+    Add(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sub dst a b` - Subtraction
+    Sub(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `mul dst a b` - Multiplication
+    Mul(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `div dst a b` - Division
+    Div(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `mod dst a b` - Modulo
+    Mod(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `pow dst a b` - Power
+    Pow(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `acos dst a`
+    Acos(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `asin dst a`
+    Asin(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `atan dst a`
+    Atan(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `atan2 dst a b`
+    Atan2(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `abs dst a`
+    Abs(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ceil dst a`
+    Ceil(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `cos dst a`
+    Cos(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `floor dst a`
+    Floor(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `log dst a`
+    Log(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `max dst a b`
+    Max(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `min dst a b`
+    Min(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `rand dst`
+    Rand(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sin dst a`
+    Sin(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sqrt dst a`
+    Sqrt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `tan dst a`
+    Tan(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `trunc dst a`
+    Trunc(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `l register device type` - Load from device
+    Load(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `s device type value` - Set on device
+    Store(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `ls register device slot type` - Load Slot
+    LoadSlot(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ss device slot type value` - Set Slot
+    StoreSlot(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `lb register deviceHash type batchMode` - Load Batch
+    LoadBatch(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sb deviceHash type value` - Set Batch
+    StoreBatch(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `lbn register deviceHash nameHash type batchMode` - Load Batch Named
+    LoadBatchNamed(
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+    ),
+    /// `sbn deviceHash nameHash type value` - Set Batch Named
+    StoreBatchNamed(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `lr register device reagentMode int`
+    LoadReagent(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `j label` - Unconditional Jump
+    Jump(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `jal label` - Jump and Link (Function Call)
+    JumpAndLink(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `jr offset` - Jump Relative
+    JumpRelative(Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `beq a b label` - Branch if Equal
+    BranchEq(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bne a b label` - Branch if Not Equal
+    BranchNe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bgt a b label` - Branch if Greater Than
+    BranchGt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `blt a b label` - Branch if Less Than
+    BranchLt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bge a b label` - Branch if Greater or Equal
+    BranchGe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ble a b label` - Branch if Less or Equal
+    BranchLe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `beqz a label` - Branch if Equal Zero
+    BranchEqZero(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bnez a label` - Branch if Not Equal Zero
+    BranchNeZero(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `seq dst a b` - Set if Equal
+    SetEq(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sne dst a b` - Set if Not Equal
+    SetNe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sgt dst a b` - Set if Greater Than
+    SetGt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `slt dst a b` - Set if Less Than
+    SetLt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sge dst a b` - Set if Greater or Equal
+    SetGe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sle dst a b` - Set if Less or Equal
+    SetLe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `and dst a b` - Logical AND
+    And(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `or dst a b` - Logical OR
+    Or(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `xor dst a b` - Logical XOR
+    Xor(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `push val` - Push to Stack
+    Push(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `pop dst` - Pop from Stack
+    Pop(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `peek dst` - Peek from Stack (Usually sp - 1)
+    Peek(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `get dst dev num`
+    Get(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// put dev addr val
+    Put(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `select dst cond a b` - Ternary Select
+    Select(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `yield` - Pause execution
+    Yield,
+    /// `sleep val` - Sleep for seconds
+    Sleep(Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `alias name target` - Define Alias (Usually handled by compiler, but good for IR)
+    Alias(Cow<'a, str>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `define name val` - Define Constant (Usually handled by compiler)
+    Define(Cow<'a, str>, f64),
+
+    /// A label definition `Label:`
+    LabelDef(Cow<'a, str>),
+
+    /// A comment `# text`
+    Comment(Cow<'a, str>),
+}
+
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for Instruction<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Instruction::Move(dst, val) => write!(f, "move {} {}", dst, val),
+            Instruction::Add(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "add {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Sub(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sub {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Mul(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "mul {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Div(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "div {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Mod(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "mod {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Pow(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "pow {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Acos(dst, a) => write!(f, "acos {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Asin(dst, a) => write!(f, "asin {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Atan(dst, a) => write!(f, "atan {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Atan2(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "atan2 {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Abs(dst, a) => write!(f, "abs {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Ceil(dst, a) => write!(f, "ceil {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Cos(dst, a) => write!(f, "cos {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Floor(dst, a) => write!(f, "floor {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Log(dst, a) => write!(f, "log {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Max(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "max {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Min(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "min {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Rand(dst) => write!(f, "rand {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Sin(dst, a) => write!(f, "sin {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Sqrt(dst, a) => write!(f, "sqrt {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Tan(dst, a) => write!(f, "tan {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Trunc(dst, a) => write!(f, "trunc {} {}", dst, a),
+
+            Instruction::Load(reg, dev, typ) => write!(f, "l {} {} {}", reg, dev, typ),
+            Instruction::Store(dev, typ, val) => write!(f, "s {} {} {}", dev, typ, val),
+            Instruction::LoadSlot(reg, dev, slot, typ) => {
+                write!(f, "ls {} {} {} {}", reg, dev, slot, typ)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreSlot(dev, slot, typ, val) => {
+                write!(f, "ss {} {} {} {}", dev, slot, typ, val)
+            }
+            Instruction::LoadBatch(reg, hash, typ, mode) => {
+                write!(f, "lb {} {} {} {}", reg, hash, typ, mode)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreBatch(hash, typ, val) => write!(f, "sb {} {} {}", hash, typ, val),
+            Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(reg, d_hash, n_hash, typ, mode) => {
+                write!(f, "lbn {} {} {} {} {}", reg, d_hash, n_hash, typ, mode)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreBatchNamed(d_hash, n_hash, typ, val) => {
+                write!(f, "sbn {} {} {} {}", d_hash, n_hash, typ, val)
+            }
+            Instruction::LoadReagent(reg, device, reagent_mode, reagent_hash) => {
+                write!(f, "lr {} {} {} {}", reg, device, reagent_mode, reagent_hash)
+            }
+            Instruction::Jump(lbl) => write!(f, "j {}", lbl),
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(lbl) => write!(f, "jal {}", lbl),
+            Instruction::JumpRelative(off) => write!(f, "jr {}", off),
+            Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "beq {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bne {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bgt {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "blt {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bge {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "ble {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, lbl) => write!(f, "beqz {} {}", a, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, lbl) => write!(f, "bnez {} {}", a, lbl),
+            Instruction::SetEq(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "seq {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetNe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sne {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetGt(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sgt {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetLt(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "slt {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetGe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sge {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetLe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sle {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::And(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "and {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Or(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "or {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Xor(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "xor {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Push(val) => write!(f, "push {}", val),
+            Instruction::Pop(dst) => write!(f, "pop {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Peek(dst) => write!(f, "peek {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Get(dst, dev, val) => write!(f, "get {} {} {}", dst, dev, val),
+            Instruction::Put(dev, addr, val) => write!(f, "put {} {} {}", dev, addr, val),
+            Instruction::Select(dst, cond, a, b) => {
+                write!(f, "select {} {} {} {}", dst, cond, a, b)
+            }
+            Instruction::Yield => write!(f, "yield"),
+            Instruction::Sleep(val) => write!(f, "sleep {}", val),
+            Instruction::Alias(name, target) => write!(f, "alias {} {}", name, target),
+            Instruction::Define(name, val) => write!(f, "define {} {}", name, val),
+            Instruction::LabelDef(lbl) => write!(f, "{}:", lbl),
+            Instruction::Comment(c) => write!(f, "# {}", c),
+        }
+    }
+}

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[package]
+name = "optimizer"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+il = { path = "../il" }
+helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/src/leaf_function.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use il::{Instruction, InstructionNode};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+/// Scans the instruction set to identify "leaf functions".
+/// A leaf function is defined as a function (delimited by LabelDefs) that does not
+/// contain any `jal` (JumpAndLink) instructions.
+///
+/// Returns a Set containing the names of all identified leaf functions.
+pub fn find_leaf_functions(instructions: &[InstructionNode]) -> HashSet<String> {
+    let mut leaf_functions = HashSet::new();
+    let mut current_label: Option<String> = None;
+    let mut is_current_leaf = true;
+
+    for node in instructions {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(label) => {
+                if label.starts_with("__internal_L") {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // If we were tracking a function, and it remained a leaf until now, save it.
+                if let Some(name) = current_label.take()
+                    && is_current_leaf
+                {
+                    leaf_functions.insert(name);
+                }
+
+                // Start tracking the new function
+                current_label = Some(label.to_string());
+                is_current_leaf = true;
+            }
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(_) => {
+                // If we see a JAL, this function is NOT a leaf.
+                is_current_leaf = false;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handle the final function in the file
+    if let Some(name) = current_label
+        && is_current_leaf
+    {
+        leaf_functions.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    leaf_functions
+}

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,882 @@
+use il::{Instruction, InstructionNode, Instructions, Operand};
+use rust_decimal::Decimal;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+
+mod leaf_function;
+use leaf_function::find_leaf_functions;
+
+/// Entry point for the optimizer.
+pub fn optimize<'a>(instructions: Instructions<'a>) -> Instructions<'a> {
+    let mut instructions = instructions.into_inner();
+    let mut changed = true;
+    let mut pass_count = 0;
+    const MAX_PASSES: usize = 10;
+
+    // Iterative passes for code simplification
+    while changed && pass_count < MAX_PASSES {
+        changed = false;
+        pass_count += 1;
+
+        // Pass 1: Constant Propagation
+        let (new_inst, c1) = constant_propagation(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c1;
+
+        // Pass 2: Register Forwarding (Intermediate Move Elimination)
+        let (new_inst, c2) = register_forwarding(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c2;
+
+        // Pass 3: Function Call Optimization (Remove unused push/pop around calls)
+        let (new_inst, c3) = optimize_function_calls(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c3;
+
+        // Pass 4: Leaf Function Optimization (Remove RA save/restore for leaf functions)
+        // This is separate from pass 3 as it deals with the function *definition*, not the call site.
+        let (new_inst, c4) = optimize_leaf_functions(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c4;
+
+        // Pass 5: Redundant Move Elimination
+        let (new_inst, c5) = remove_redundant_moves(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c5;
+
+        // Pass 6: Dead Code Elimination
+        let (new_inst, c6) = remove_unreachable_code(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c6;
+    }
+
+    // Final Pass: Resolve Labels to Line Numbers
+    Instructions::new(resolve_labels(instructions))
+}
+
+/// Helper: Check if a function body contains unsafe stack manipulation.
+/// Returns true if the function modifies SP in a way that makes static RA offset analysis unsafe.
+fn function_has_complex_stack_ops(
+    instructions: &[InstructionNode],
+    start_idx: usize,
+    end_idx: usize,
+) -> bool {
+    for instruction in instructions.iter().take(end_idx).skip(start_idx) {
+        match instruction.instruction {
+            Instruction::Push(_) | Instruction::Pop(_) => return true,
+            // Check for explicit SP modification
+            Instruction::Add(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Sub(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Mul(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Div(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Move(Operand::StackPointer, _) => return true,
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+/// Pass: Leaf Function Optimization
+/// If a function makes no calls (is a leaf), it doesn't need to save/restore `ra`.
+fn optimize_leaf_functions<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let leaves = find_leaf_functions(&input);
+    if leaves.is_empty() {
+        return (input, false);
+    }
+
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut to_remove = HashSet::new();
+
+    // We map function names to the INDEX of the instruction that restores RA.
+    // We use this to validate the function body later.
+    let mut func_restore_indices = HashMap::new();
+    let mut func_ra_offsets = HashMap::new();
+
+    let mut current_function: Option<String> = None;
+    let mut function_start_indices = HashMap::new();
+
+    // First scan: Identify instructions to remove and capture RA offsets
+    for (i, node) in input.iter().enumerate() {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(label) if !label.starts_with("__internal_L") => {
+                current_function = Some(label.to_string());
+                function_start_indices.insert(label.to_string(), i);
+            }
+            Instruction::Push(Operand::ReturnAddress) => {
+                if let Some(func) = &current_function
+                    && leaves.contains(func)
+                {
+                    to_remove.insert(i);
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::Get(Operand::ReturnAddress, _, Operand::Register(_)) => {
+                // This is the restore instruction: `get ra db r0`
+                if let Some(func) = &current_function
+                    && leaves.contains(func)
+                {
+                    to_remove.insert(i);
+                    func_restore_indices.insert(func.clone(), i);
+
+                    // Look back for the address calc: `sub r0 sp OFFSET`
+                    if i > 0
+                        && let Instruction::Sub(_, Operand::StackPointer, Operand::Number(n)) =
+                            &input[i - 1].instruction
+                    {
+                        func_ra_offsets.insert(func.clone(), *n);
+                        to_remove.insert(i - 1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Safety Check: Verify that functions marked for optimization don't have complex stack ops.
+    // If they do, unmark them.
+    let mut safe_functions = HashSet::new();
+
+    for (func, start_idx) in &function_start_indices {
+        if let Some(restore_idx) = func_restore_indices.get(func) {
+            // Check instructions between start and restore using the helper function.
+            // We need to skip the `push ra` we just marked for removal, otherwise the helper
+            // will flag it as a complex op (Push).
+            // `start_idx` is the LabelDef. `start_idx + 1` is typically `push ra`.
+
+            let check_start = if to_remove.contains(&(start_idx + 1)) {
+                start_idx + 2
+            } else {
+                start_idx + 1
+            };
+
+            // `restore_idx` points to the `get ra` instruction. The helper scans up to `end_idx` exclusive,
+            // so we don't need to worry about the restore instruction itself.
+            if !function_has_complex_stack_ops(&input, check_start, *restore_idx) {
+                safe_functions.insert(func.clone());
+                changed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !changed {
+        return (input, false);
+    }
+
+    // Second scan: Rebuild with adjustments, but only for SAFE functions
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut processing_function: Option<String> = None;
+
+    for (i, mut node) in input.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        if to_remove.contains(&i)
+            && let Some(func) = &processing_function
+            && safe_functions.contains(func)
+        {
+            continue; // SKIP (Remove)
+        }
+
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(l) = &node.instruction
+            && !l.starts_with("__internal_L")
+        {
+            processing_function = Some(l.to_string());
+        }
+
+        // Apply Stack Adjustments
+        if let Some(func) = &processing_function
+            && safe_functions.contains(func)
+            && let Some(ra_offset) = func_ra_offsets.get(func)
+        {
+            // 1. Stack Cleanup Adjustment
+            if let Instruction::Sub(
+                Operand::StackPointer,
+                Operand::StackPointer,
+                Operand::Number(n),
+            ) = &mut node.instruction
+            {
+                // Decrease cleanup amount by 1 (for the removed RA)
+                let new_n = *n - Decimal::from(1);
+                if new_n.is_zero() {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                *n = new_n;
+            }
+
+            // 2. Stack Variable Offset Adjustment
+            // Since we verified the function is "Simple" (no nested stack mods),
+            // we can safely assume offsets > ra_offset need shifting.
+            if let Instruction::Sub(_, Operand::StackPointer, Operand::Number(n)) =
+                &mut node.instruction
+                && *n > *ra_offset
+            {
+                *n -= Decimal::from(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+
+    (output, true)
+}
+
+/// Analyzes which registers are written to by each function label.
+fn analyze_clobbers(instructions: &[InstructionNode]) -> HashMap<String, HashSet<u8>> {
+    let mut clobbers = HashMap::new();
+    let mut current_label = None;
+
+    for node in instructions {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(label) = &node.instruction {
+            current_label = Some(label.to_string());
+            clobbers.insert(label.to_string(), HashSet::new());
+        }
+
+        if let Some(label) = &current_label
+            && let Some(reg) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction)
+            && let Some(set) = clobbers.get_mut(label)
+        {
+            set.insert(reg);
+        }
+    }
+    clobbers
+}
+
+/// Pass: Function Call Optimization
+/// Removes Push/Restore pairs surrounding a JAL if the target function does not clobber that register.
+fn optimize_function_calls<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let clobbers = analyze_clobbers(&input);
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut to_remove = HashSet::new();
+    let mut stack_adjustments = HashMap::new();
+
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < input.len() {
+        if let Instruction::JumpAndLink(Operand::Label(target)) = &input[i].instruction {
+            let target_key = target.to_string();
+
+            if let Some(func_clobbers) = clobbers.get(&target_key) {
+                // 1. Identify Pushes immediately preceding the JAL
+                let mut pushes = Vec::new(); // (index, register)
+                let mut scan_back = i.saturating_sub(1);
+                while scan_back > 0 {
+                    if to_remove.contains(&scan_back) {
+                        scan_back -= 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if let Instruction::Push(Operand::Register(r)) = &input[scan_back].instruction {
+                        pushes.push((scan_back, *r));
+                        scan_back -= 1;
+                    } else {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // 2. Identify Restores immediately following the JAL
+                let mut restores = Vec::new(); // (index_of_get, register, index_of_sub)
+                let mut scan_fwd = i + 1;
+                while scan_fwd < input.len() {
+                    // Skip 'sub r0 sp X'
+                    if let Instruction::Sub(Operand::Register(0), Operand::StackPointer, _) =
+                        &input[scan_fwd].instruction
+                    {
+                        // Check next instruction for the Get
+                        if scan_fwd + 1 < input.len()
+                            && let Instruction::Get(Operand::Register(r), _, Operand::Register(0)) =
+                                &input[scan_fwd + 1].instruction
+                        {
+                            restores.push((scan_fwd + 1, *r, scan_fwd));
+                            scan_fwd += 2;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // 3. Stack Cleanup
+                let cleanup_idx = scan_fwd;
+                let has_cleanup = if cleanup_idx < input.len() {
+                    matches!(
+                        input[cleanup_idx].instruction,
+                        Instruction::Sub(
+                            Operand::StackPointer,
+                            Operand::StackPointer,
+                            Operand::Number(_)
+                        )
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    false
+                };
+
+                // SAFEGUARD: Check Counts!
+                // If we pushed r8 twice but only restored it once, we have an argument.
+                // We must ensure the number of pushes for each register MATCHES the number of restores.
+                let mut push_counts = HashMap::new();
+                for (_, r) in &pushes {
+                    *push_counts.entry(*r).or_insert(0) += 1;
+                }
+
+                let mut restore_counts = HashMap::new();
+                for (_, r, _) in &restores {
+                    *restore_counts.entry(*r).or_insert(0) += 1;
+                }
+
+                let counts_match = push_counts
+                    .iter()
+                    .all(|(reg, count)| restore_counts.get(reg).unwrap_or(&0) == count);
+                // Also check reverse to ensure we didn't restore something we didn't push (unlikely but possible)
+                let counts_match_reverse = restore_counts
+                    .iter()
+                    .all(|(reg, count)| push_counts.get(reg).unwrap_or(&0) == count);
+
+                // Clobber Check
+                let all_pushes_safe = pushes.iter().all(|(_, r)| !func_clobbers.contains(r));
+
+                if all_pushes_safe && has_cleanup && counts_match && counts_match_reverse {
+                    // We can remove ALL found pushes/restores safely
+                    for (p_idx, _) in pushes {
+                        to_remove.insert(p_idx);
+                    }
+                    for (g_idx, _, s_idx) in restores {
+                        to_remove.insert(g_idx);
+                        to_remove.insert(s_idx);
+                    }
+
+                    // Reduce stack cleanup amount
+                    let num_removed = push_counts.values().sum::<i32>() as i64;
+                    stack_adjustments.insert(cleanup_idx, num_removed);
+                    changed = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    if changed {
+        let mut clean = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+        for (idx, mut node) in input.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            if to_remove.contains(&idx) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Apply stack adjustment
+            if let Some(reduction) = stack_adjustments.get(&idx)
+                && let Instruction::Sub(dst, a, Operand::Number(n)) = &node.instruction
+            {
+                let new_n = n - Decimal::from(*reduction);
+                if new_n.is_zero() {
+                    continue; // Remove the sub entirely if 0
+                }
+                node.instruction = Instruction::Sub(dst.clone(), a.clone(), Operand::Number(new_n));
+            }
+
+            clean.push(node);
+        }
+        return (clean, changed);
+    }
+
+    (input, false)
+}
+
+/// Pass: Register Forwarding
+/// Eliminates intermediate moves by writing directly to the final destination.
+/// Example: `l r1 d0 T` + `move r9 r1` -> `l r9 d0 T`
+fn register_forwarding<'a>(
+    mut input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut i = 0;
+
+    // We use a while loop to manually control index so we can peek ahead
+    while i < input.len().saturating_sub(1) {
+        let next_idx = i + 1;
+
+        // Check if current instruction defines a register
+        // and the NEXT instruction is a move from that register.
+        let forward_candidate = if let Some(def_reg) = get_destination_reg(&input[i].instruction) {
+            if let Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(dest_reg), Operand::Register(src_reg)) =
+                &input[next_idx].instruction
+            {
+                if *src_reg == def_reg {
+                    // Candidate found: Instruction `i` defines `src_reg`, Instruction `i+1` moves `src_reg` to `dest_reg`.
+                    // We can optimize if `src_reg` (the temp) is NOT used after this move.
+                    Some((def_reg, *dest_reg))
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        if let Some((temp_reg, final_reg)) = forward_candidate {
+            // Check liveness: Is temp_reg used after i+1?
+            // We scan from i+2 onwards.
+            let mut temp_is_dead = true;
+            for node in input.iter().skip(i + 2) {
+                if reg_is_read(&node.instruction, temp_reg) {
+                    temp_is_dead = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+                // If the temp is redefined, then the old value is dead, so we are safe.
+                if let Some(redef) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction)
+                    && redef == temp_reg
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // If we hit a label/jump, we assume liveness might leak (conservative safety)
+                if matches!(
+                    node.instruction,
+                    Instruction::LabelDef(_) | Instruction::Jump(_) | Instruction::JumpAndLink(_)
+                ) {
+                    temp_is_dead = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if temp_is_dead {
+                // Perform the swap
+                // 1. Rewrite input[i] to write to final_reg
+                if let Some(new_instr) = set_destination_reg(&input[i].instruction, final_reg) {
+                    input[i].instruction = new_instr;
+                    // 2. Remove input[i+1] (The Move)
+                    input.remove(next_idx);
+                    changed = true;
+                    // Don't increment i, re-evaluate current index (which is now a new neighbor)
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    (input, changed)
+}
+
+/// Pass: Resolve Labels
+/// Converts all Jump/Branch labels to absolute line numbers and removes LabelDefs.
+fn resolve_labels<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> Vec<InstructionNode<'a>> {
+    let mut label_map: HashMap<String, usize> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut line_number = 0;
+
+    // 1. Build Label Map (filtering out LabelDefs from the count)
+    for node in &input {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(name) = &node.instruction {
+            label_map.insert(name.to_string(), line_number);
+        } else {
+            line_number += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+
+    // 2. Rewrite Jumps and Filter Labels
+    for mut node in input {
+        // Helper to get line number as Decimal operand
+        let get_line = |lbl: &Operand| -> Option<Operand<'a>> {
+            if let Operand::Label(name) = lbl {
+                label_map
+                    .get(name.as_ref())
+                    .map(|&l| Operand::Number(Decimal::from(l)))
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        };
+
+        match &mut node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(_) => continue, // Strip labels
+
+            // Jumps
+            Instruction::Jump(op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEq(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchNe(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchGt(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchLt(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchGe(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchLe(_, _, op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(_, op) | Instruction::BranchNeZero(_, op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+
+    output
+}
+
+// --- Helpers for Register Analysis ---
+
+fn get_destination_reg(instr: &Instruction) -> Option<u8> {
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Add(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Sub(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Mul(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Div(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Mod(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Pow(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Load(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadSlot(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadBatch(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetEq(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetNe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetGt(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetLt(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetGe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetLe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::And(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Or(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Xor(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Peek(Operand::Register(r))
+        | Instruction::Get(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Select(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::Rand(Operand::Register(r))
+        | Instruction::Acos(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Asin(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Atan(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Atan2(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Abs(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Ceil(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Cos(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Floor(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Log(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Max(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Min(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Sin(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Sqrt(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Tan(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Trunc(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::LoadReagent(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::Pop(Operand::Register(r)) => Some(*r),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn set_destination_reg<'a>(instr: &Instruction<'a>, new_reg: u8) -> Option<Instruction<'a>> {
+    // Helper to easily recreate instruction with new dest
+    let r = Operand::Register(new_reg);
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(_, b) => Some(Instruction::Move(r, b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Add(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Add(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sub(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Sub(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Mul(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Mul(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Div(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Div(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Mod(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Mod(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Pow(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Pow(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Load(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Load(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::LoadSlot(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::LoadSlot(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::LoadBatch(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::LoadBatch(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(_, a, b, c, d) => Some(Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(
+            r,
+            a.clone(),
+            b.clone(),
+            c.clone(),
+            d.clone(),
+        )),
+        Instruction::LoadReagent(_, b, c, d) => {
+            Some(Instruction::LoadReagent(r, b.clone(), c.clone(), d.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::SetEq(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetEq(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetNe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetNe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetGt(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetGt(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetLt(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetLt(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetGe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetGe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetLe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetLe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::And(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::And(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Or(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Or(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Xor(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Xor(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Peek(_) => Some(Instruction::Peek(r)),
+        Instruction::Get(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Get(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Select(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::Select(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::Rand(_) => Some(Instruction::Rand(r)),
+        Instruction::Pop(_) => Some(Instruction::Pop(r)),
+
+        // Math funcs
+        Instruction::Acos(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Acos(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Asin(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Asin(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Atan(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Atan(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Atan2(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Atan2(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Abs(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Abs(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Ceil(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Ceil(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Cos(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Cos(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Floor(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Floor(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Log(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Log(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Max(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Max(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Min(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Min(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sin(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Sin(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sqrt(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Sqrt(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Tan(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Tan(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Trunc(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Trunc(r, a.clone())),
+
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn reg_is_read(instr: &Instruction, reg: u8) -> bool {
+    let check = |op: &Operand| matches!(op, Operand::Register(r) if *r == reg);
+
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(_, a) => check(a),
+        Instruction::Add(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Sub(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Mul(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Div(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Mod(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Pow(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::Load(_, a, _) => check(a), // Load reads device? Device can be reg? Yes.
+        Instruction::Store(a, _, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, _) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, _) | Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, _) => check(a),
+
+        Instruction::LoadReagent(_, device, _, item_hash) => check(device) || check(item_hash),
+
+        Instruction::LoadSlot(_, dev, slot, _) => check(dev) || check(slot),
+        Instruction::LoadBatch(_, dev, _, mode) => check(dev) || check(mode),
+        Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(_, d_hash, n_hash, _, mode) => {
+            check(d_hash) || check(n_hash) || check(mode)
+        }
+
+        Instruction::SetEq(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetNe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetGt(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetLt(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetGe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetLe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::And(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Or(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Xor(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::Push(a) => check(a),
+        Instruction::Get(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+        Instruction::Put(a, b, c) => check(a) || check(b) || check(c),
+
+        Instruction::Select(_, a, b, c) => check(a) || check(b) || check(c),
+        Instruction::Sleep(a) => check(a),
+
+        // Math single arg
+        Instruction::Acos(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Asin(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Atan(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Abs(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Ceil(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Cos(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Floor(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Log(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Sin(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Sqrt(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Tan(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Trunc(_, a) => check(a),
+
+        // Math double arg
+        Instruction::Atan2(_, a, b) | Instruction::Max(_, a, b) | Instruction::Min(_, a, b) => {
+            check(a) || check(b)
+        }
+
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// --- Constant Propagation & Dead Code ---
+fn constant_propagation<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut registers: [Option<Decimal>; 16] = [None; 16];
+
+    for mut node in input {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(_) | Instruction::JumpAndLink(_) => registers = [None; 16],
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        let simplified = match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::Move(dst, src) => resolve_value(src, &registers)
+                .map(|val| Instruction::Move(dst.clone(), Operand::Number(val))),
+            Instruction::Add(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x + y),
+            Instruction::Sub(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x - y),
+            Instruction::Mul(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x * y),
+            Instruction::Div(dst, a, b) => {
+                try_fold_math(
+                    dst,
+                    a,
+                    b,
+                    &registers,
+                    |x, y| if y.is_zero() { x } else { x / y },
+                )
+            }
+            Instruction::Mod(dst, a, b) => {
+                try_fold_math(
+                    dst,
+                    a,
+                    b,
+                    &registers,
+                    |x, y| if y.is_zero() { x } else { x % y },
+                )
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x == y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x != y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, l) => try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x > y),
+            Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, l) => try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x < y),
+            Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x >= y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x <= y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, &Operand::Number(0.into()), l, &registers, |x, y| x == y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, &Operand::Number(0.into()), l, &registers, |x, y| x != y)
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(new) = simplified {
+            node.instruction = new;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+
+        // Update tracking
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(r), src) => {
+                registers[*r as usize] = resolve_value(src, &registers)
+            }
+            // Invalidate if destination is register
+            _ => {
+                if let Some(r) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction) {
+                    registers[r as usize] = None;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Filter out NOPs (Empty LabelDefs from branch resolution)
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(l) = &node.instruction
+            && l.is_empty()
+        {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}
+
+fn resolve_value(op: &Operand, regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16]) -> Option<Decimal> {
+    match op {
+        Operand::Number(n) => Some(*n),
+        Operand::Register(r) => regs[*r as usize],
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn try_fold_math<'a, F>(
+    dst: &Operand<'a>,
+    a: &Operand<'a>,
+    b: &Operand<'a>,
+    regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16],
+    op: F,
+) -> Option<Instruction<'a>>
+where
+    F: Fn(Decimal, Decimal) -> Decimal,
+{
+    let val_a = resolve_value(a, regs)?;
+    let val_b = resolve_value(b, regs)?;
+    Some(Instruction::Move(
+        dst.clone(),
+        Operand::Number(op(val_a, val_b)),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn try_resolve_branch<'a, F>(
+    a: &Operand<'a>,
+    b: &Operand<'a>,
+    label: &Operand<'a>,
+    regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16],
+    check: F,
+) -> Option<Instruction<'a>>
+where
+    F: Fn(Decimal, Decimal) -> bool,
+{
+    let val_a = resolve_value(a, regs)?;
+    let val_b = resolve_value(b, regs)?;
+    if check(val_a, val_b) {
+        Some(Instruction::Jump(label.clone()))
+    } else {
+        Some(Instruction::LabelDef("".into())) // NOP
+    }
+}
+
+fn remove_redundant_moves<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    for node in input {
+        if let Instruction::Move(dst, src) = &node.instruction
+            && dst == src
+        {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}
+
+fn remove_unreachable_code<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut dead = false;
+    for node in input {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(_) = node.instruction {
+            dead = false;
+        }
+        if dead {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if let Instruction::Jump(_) = node.instruction {
+            dead = true
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}

rust_compiler/libs/parser/Cargo.toml

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ edition = "2024"
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
+safer-ffi = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 
 

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/lib.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ mod test;
 pub mod tree_node;
 
 use crate::sys_call::{Math, System};
+use helpers::Span;
 use std::{borrow::Cow, io::SeekFrom};
 use sys_call::SysCall;
 use thiserror::Error;
@@ -293,12 +294,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         // Handle Infix operators (Binary, Logical, Assignment)
         if self_matches_peek!(
             self,
-            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign)
+            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign | Symbol::Question)
         ) {
             return Ok(Some(self.infix(lhs)?));
         } else if self_matches_current!(
             self,
-            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign)
+            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign | Symbol::Question)
         ) {
             self.tokenizer.seek(SeekFrom::Current(-1))?;
             return Ok(Some(self.infix(lhs)?));
@@ -645,6 +646,15 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 .node
                 .ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?,
 
+            TokenType::Identifier(ref id) if SysCall::is_syscall(id) => {
+                let spanned_call = self.spanned(|p| p.syscall())?;
+
+                Spanned {
+                    span: spanned_call.span,
+                    node: Expression::Syscall(spanned_call),
+                }
+            }
+
             TokenType::Identifier(_)
                 if self_matches_peek!(self, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) =>
             {
@@ -757,9 +767,11 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             Expression::Binary(_)
             | Expression::Logical(_)
             | Expression::Invocation(_)
+            | Expression::Syscall(_)
             | Expression::Priority(_)
             | Expression::Literal(_)
             | Expression::Variable(_)
+            | Expression::Ternary(_)
             | Expression::Negation(_)
             | Expression::MemberAccess(_)
             | Expression::MethodCall(_) => {}
@@ -779,7 +791,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         // Include Assign in the operator loop
         while token_matches!(
             temp_token,
-            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign)
+            TokenType::Symbol(s) if s.is_operator() || s.is_comparison() || s.is_logical() || matches!(s, Symbol::Assign | Symbol::Question | Symbol::Colon)
         ) {
             let operator = match temp_token.token_type {
                 TokenType::Symbol(s) => s,
@@ -1010,7 +1022,52 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         }
         operators.retain(|symbol| !matches!(symbol, Symbol::LogicalOr));
 
-        // --- PRECEDENCE LEVEL 8: Assignment (=) ---
+        // -- PRECEDENCE LEVEL 8: Ternary (x ? 1 : 2)
+        for i in (0..operators.len()).rev() {
+            if matches!(operators[i], Symbol::Question) {
+                // Ensure next operator is a colon
+                if i + 1 >= operators.len() || !matches!(operators[i + 1], Symbol::Colon) {
+                    return Err(Error::InvalidSyntax(
+                        self.current_span(),
+                        "Ternary operator '?' missing matching ':'".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+
+                let false_branch = expressions.remove(i + 2);
+                let true_branch = expressions.remove(i + 1);
+                let condition = expressions.remove(i);
+
+                let span = Span {
+                    start_line: condition.span.start_line,
+                    end_line: false_branch.span.end_line,
+                    start_col: condition.span.start_col,
+                    end_col: false_branch.span.end_col,
+                };
+
+                let ternary_node = Spanned {
+                    span,
+                    node: TernaryExpression {
+                        condition: Box::new(condition),
+                        true_value: Box::new(true_branch),
+                        false_value: Box::new(false_branch),
+                    },
+                };
+
+                expressions.insert(
+                    i,
+                    Spanned {
+                        node: Expression::Ternary(ternary_node),
+                        span,
+                    },
+                );
+
+                // Remove the `?` and the `:` from the operators list
+                operators.remove(i);
+                operators.remove(i);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // --- PRECEDENCE LEVEL 9: Assignment (=) ---
         // Assignment is Right Associative: a = b = c => a = (b = c)
         // We iterate Right to Left
         for (i, operator) in operators.iter().enumerate().rev() {
@@ -1050,7 +1107,9 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
 
         if token_matches!(
             temp_token,
-            TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon) | TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)
+            TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)
+                | TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)
+                | TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Comma)
         ) {
             self.tokenizer.seek(SeekFrom::Current(-1))?;
         }
@@ -1168,18 +1227,34 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             // Need to capture return span
             let ret_start_span = Self::token_to_span(&current_token);
             self.assign_next()?;
-            let expression = self.expression()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+
+            let expr = if token_matches!(
+                self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?,
+                TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)
+            ) {
+                // rewind 1 token so we can check for the semicolon at the bottom of this function.
+                self.tokenizer.seek(SeekFrom::Current(-1))?;
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(self.expression()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?)
+            };
 
             let ret_span = Span {
                 start_line: ret_start_span.start_line,
                 start_col: ret_start_span.start_col,
-                end_line: expression.span.end_line,
-                end_col: expression.span.end_col,
+                end_line: expr
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|e| e.span.end_line)
+                    .unwrap_or(ret_start_span.end_line),
+                end_col: expr
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|e| e.span.end_col)
+                    .unwrap_or(ret_start_span.end_col),
             };
 
             let return_expr = Spanned {
                 span: ret_span,
-                node: Expression::Return(boxed!(expression)),
+                node: Expression::Return(expr.map(Box::new)),
             };
             expressions.push(return_expr);
 
@@ -1518,18 +1593,23 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
     }
 
     fn syscall(&mut self) -> Result<SysCall<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        fn check_length<'a>(
-            span: Span,
-            arguments: &[Spanned<Expression<'a>>],
-            length: usize,
-        ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
-            if arguments.len() != length {
+        let invocation = self.invocation()?;
+
+        let check_length = |len: usize| -> Result<(), Error> {
+            if invocation.arguments.len() != len {
                 return Err(Error::InvalidSyntax(
-                    span,
-                    format!("Expected {} arguments", length),
+                    self.current_span(),
+                    format!("Expected {} arguments", len),
                 ));
             }
             Ok(())
+        };
+
+        macro_rules! args {
+            ($count:expr) => {{
+                check_length($count)?;
+                invocation.arguments.into_iter()
+            }};
         }
 
         macro_rules! literal_or_variable {
@@ -1581,23 +1661,19 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             };
         }
 
-        let invocation = self.invocation()?;
-
         match invocation.name.node.as_ref() {
             // System SysCalls
             "yield" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
+                check_length(0)?;
                 Ok(SysCall::System(sys_call::System::Yield))
             }
             "sleep" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
-                let mut arg = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
-                let expr = arg.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+                let mut args = args!(1);
+                let expr = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                 Ok(SysCall::System(System::Sleep(boxed!(expr))))
             }
             "hash" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(1);
                 let lit_str = literal_or_variable!(args.next());
 
                 let Spanned {
@@ -1617,8 +1693,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 })))
             }
             "load" | "l" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(2);
 
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let device = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1662,8 +1737,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 )))
             }
             "loadBatched" | "lb" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(3);
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
 
@@ -1680,8 +1754,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 )))
             }
             "loadBatchedNamed" | "lbn" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(4);
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let dev_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
 
@@ -1699,8 +1772,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 )))
             }
             "set" | "s" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(3);
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let device = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
 
@@ -1720,8 +1792,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 )))
             }
             "setBatched" | "sb" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(3);
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
 
@@ -1739,8 +1810,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 )))
             }
             "setBatchedNamed" | "sbn" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
-                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
+                let mut args = args!(4);
                 let tmp = args.next();
                 let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
 
@@ -1760,30 +1830,102 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                     expr,
                 )))
             }
+            "loadSlot" | "ls" => {
+                let mut args = args!(3);
+                let next = args.next();
+                let dev_name = literal_or_variable!(next);
+                let slot_index = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+
+                let next = args.next();
+                let slot_logic = get_arg!(Literal, literal_or_variable!(next));
+                if !matches!(
+                    slot_logic,
+                    Spanned {
+                        node: Literal::String(_),
+                        ..
+                    }
+                ) {
+                    return Err(Error::InvalidSyntax(
+                        slot_logic.span,
+                        "Expected a String".into(),
+                    ));
+                }
+
+                Ok(SysCall::System(System::LoadSlot(
+                    dev_name,
+                    boxed!(slot_index),
+                    slot_logic,
+                )))
+            }
+            "setSlot" | "ss" => {
+                let mut args = args!(4);
+                let next = args.next();
+                let dev_name = literal_or_variable!(next);
+                let slot_index = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+
+                let next = args.next();
+                let slot_logic = get_arg!(Literal, literal_or_variable!(next));
+                if !matches!(
+                    slot_logic,
+                    Spanned {
+                        node: Literal::String(_),
+                        ..
+                    }
+                ) {
+                    return Err(Error::InvalidSyntax(
+                        slot_logic.span,
+                        "Expected a string".into(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let next = args.next();
+                let expr = next.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+
+                Ok(SysCall::System(System::SetSlot(
+                    dev_name,
+                    boxed!(slot_index),
+                    slot_logic,
+                    boxed!(expr),
+                )))
+            }
+            "loadReagent" | "lr" => {
+                let mut args = args!(3);
+                let next = args.next();
+                let device = literal_or_variable!(next);
+                let next = args.next();
+                let reagent_mode = get_arg!(Literal, literal_or_variable!(next));
+                let reagent_hash = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
+
+                Ok(SysCall::System(System::LoadReagent(
+                    device,
+                    reagent_mode,
+                    Box::new(reagent_hash),
+                )))
+            }
+
             // Math SysCalls
             "acos" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let tmp = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Acos(boxed!(tmp))))
             }
             "asin" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let tmp = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Asin(boxed!(tmp))))
             }
             "atan" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let expr = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Atan(boxed!(expr))))
             }
             "atan2" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(2)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                 let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1791,42 +1933,42 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Atan2(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
             }
             "abs" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let expr = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Abs(boxed!(expr))))
             }
             "ceil" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Ceil(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "cos" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Cos(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "floor" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Floor(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "log" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Log(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "max" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(2)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                 let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1834,7 +1976,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Max(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
             }
             "min" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(2)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                 let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1842,32 +1984,32 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Min(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
             }
             "rand" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
+                check_length(0)?;
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Rand))
             }
             "sin" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Sin(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "sqrt" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Sqrt(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "tan" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 
                 Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Tan(boxed!(arg))))
             }
             "trunc" => {
-                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(1)?;
                 let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                 let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
 

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/sys_call.rs

@@ -214,6 +214,42 @@ documented! {
             Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
             Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
         ),
+        /// Loads slot LogicSlotType from device into a variable
+        ///
+        /// ## IC10
+        /// `ls r0 d0 2 Occupied`
+        /// ## Slang
+        /// `let isOccupied = loadSlot(deviceHash, 2, "Occupied");`
+        /// `let isOccupied = ls(deviceHash, 2, "Occupied");`
+        LoadSlot(
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>
+        ),
+        /// Stores a value of LogicType on a device by the index value
+        /// ## IC10
+        /// `ss d0 0 "Open" 1`
+        /// ## Slang
+        /// `setSlot(deviceHash, 0, "Open", true);`
+        /// `ss(deviceHash, 0, "Open", true);`
+        SetSlot(
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>
+        ),
+        /// Loads reagent of device's ReagentMode where a hash of the reagent type to check for
+        ///
+        /// ## IC10
+        /// `lr r? device(d?|r?|id) reagentMode int`
+        /// ## Slang
+        /// `let result = loadReagent(deviceHash, "ReagentMode", reagentHash);`
+        /// `let result = lr(deviceHash, "ReagentMode", reagentHash);`
+        LoadReagent(
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>
+        )
     }
 }
 
@@ -235,6 +271,9 @@ impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for System<'a> {
             System::SetOnDeviceBatchedNamed(a, b, c, d) => {
                 write!(f, "setOnDeviceBatchedNamed({}, {}, {}, {})", a, b, c, d)
             }
+            System::LoadSlot(a, b, c) => write!(f, "loadSlot({}, {}, {})", a, b, c),
+            System::SetSlot(a, b, c, d) => write!(f, "setSlot({}, {}, {}, {})", a, b, c, d),
+            System::LoadReagent(a, b, c) => write!(f, "loadReagent({}, {}, {})", a, b, c),
         }
     }
 }

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/test/blocks.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-use tokenizer::Tokenizer;
-
 use crate::Parser;
+use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
+use tokenizer::Tokenizer;
 
 #[test]
 fn test_block() -> anyhow::Result<()> {

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/test/mod.rs

@@ -54,10 +54,7 @@ fn test_const_declaration() -> Result<()> {
     let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input);
     let mut parser = Parser::new(tokenizer);
 
-    assert_eq!(
-        "(const item = 293.15)",
-        parser.parse()?.unwrap().to_string()
-    );
+    assert_eq!("(const item = 20c)", parser.parse()?.unwrap().to_string());
 
     assert_eq!(
         "(const decimal = 200.15)",
@@ -160,3 +157,37 @@ fn test_negative_literal_const() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!(r#"let i = x ? 1 : 2;"#).parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = (x ? 1 : 2))", expr.to_string());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_complex_binary_with_ternary() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let i = (x ? 1 : 3) * 2;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = ((x ? 1 : 3) * 2))", expr.to_string());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_operator_prescedence_with_ternary() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let x = x ? 1 : 3 * 2;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let x = (x ? 1 : (3 * 2)))", expr.to_string());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_nested_ternary_right_associativity() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let i = a ? b : c ? d : e;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = (a ? b : (c ? d : e)))", expr.to_string());
+    Ok(())
+}

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/tree_node.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use super::sys_call::SysCall;
 use crate::sys_call;
+use helpers::Span;
+use safer_ffi::prelude::*;
 use std::{borrow::Cow, ops::Deref};
 use tokenizer::token::Number;
 
@@ -277,50 +279,29 @@ pub struct WhileExpression<'a> {
     pub body: BlockExpression<'a>,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TernaryExpression<'a> {
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+    pub true_value: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+    pub false_value: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TernaryExpression<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "({} ? {} : {})",
+            self.condition, self.true_value, self.false_value
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for WhileExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(while {} {})", self.condition, self.body)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct Span {
-    pub start_line: usize,
-    pub end_line: usize,
-    pub start_col: usize,
-    pub end_col: usize,
-}
-
-impl From<Span> for lsp_types::Range {
-    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            start: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.start_line as u32,
-                character: value.start_col as u32,
-            },
-            end: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.end_line as u32,
-                character: value.end_col as u32,
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<&Span> for lsp_types::Range {
-    fn from(value: &Span) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            start: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.start_line as u32,
-                character: value.start_col as u32,
-            },
-            end: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.end_line as u32,
-                character: value.end_col as u32,
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct Spanned<T> {
     pub span: Span,
@@ -364,8 +345,9 @@ pub enum Expression<'a> {
     MethodCall(Spanned<MethodCallExpression<'a>>),
     Negation(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
     Priority(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Return(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
+    Return(Option<Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>>),
     Syscall(Spanned<SysCall<'a>>),
+    Ternary(Spanned<TernaryExpression<'a>>),
     Variable(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>),
     While(Spanned<WhileExpression<'a>>),
 }
@@ -391,8 +373,17 @@ impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Expression<'a> {
             Expression::MethodCall(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
             Expression::Negation(e) => write!(f, "(-{})", e),
             Expression::Priority(e) => write!(f, "({})", e),
-            Expression::Return(e) => write!(f, "(return {})", e),
+            Expression::Return(e) => write!(
+                f,
+                "(return {})",
+                if let Some(e) = e {
+                    e.to_string()
+                } else {
+                    "".to_string()
+                }
+            ),
             Expression::Syscall(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
+            Expression::Ternary(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
             Expression::Variable(id) => write!(f, "{}", id),
             Expression::While(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
         }

rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/token.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ impl From<LexError> for Diagnostic {
                     ..Default::default()
                 }
             }
-            _ => todo!(),
+            _ => Diagnostic::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -102,48 +102,6 @@ impl<'a> Token<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone)]
-pub enum Temperature {
-    Celsius(Number),
-    Fahrenheit(Number),
-    Kelvin(Number),
-}
-
-impl std::fmt::Display for Temperature {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            Temperature::Celsius(n) => write!(f, "{}°C", n),
-            Temperature::Fahrenheit(n) => write!(f, "{}°F", n),
-            Temperature::Kelvin(n) => write!(f, "{}°K", n),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Temperature {
-    pub fn to_kelvin(self) -> Number {
-        match self {
-            Temperature::Celsius(n) => {
-                let n = match n {
-                    Number::Integer(i) => Decimal::new(i as i64, 0),
-                    Number::Decimal(d) => d,
-                };
-                Number::Decimal(n + Decimal::new(27315, 2))
-            }
-            Temperature::Fahrenheit(n) => {
-                let n = match n {
-                    Number::Integer(i) => Decimal::new(i as i64, 0),
-                    Number::Decimal(d) => d,
-                };
-
-                let a = n - Decimal::new(32, 0);
-                let b = Decimal::new(5, 0) / Decimal::new(9, 0);
-                Number::Decimal(a * b + Decimal::new(27315, 2))
-            }
-            Temperature::Kelvin(n) => n,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 macro_rules! symbol {
     ($var:ident) => {
         |_| Symbol::$var
@@ -225,6 +183,7 @@ pub enum TokenType<'a> {
     #[token(".", symbol!(Dot))]
     #[token("^", symbol!(Caret))]
     #[token("%", symbol!(Percent))]
+    #[token("?", symbol!(Question))]
     #[token("==", symbol!(Equal))]
     #[token("!=", symbol!(NotEqual))]
     #[token("&&", symbol!(LogicalAnd))]
@@ -279,30 +238,27 @@ fn parse_number<'a>(lexer: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Result<Number, LexE
     span.end -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
     span.start -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
 
-    let num = if clean_str.contains('.') {
-        Number::Decimal(
+    let unit = match suffix {
+        Some('c') => Unit::Celsius,
+        Some('f') => Unit::Fahrenheit,
+        Some('k') => Unit::Kelvin,
+        _ => Unit::None,
+    };
+
+    if clean_str.contains('.') {
+        Ok(Number::Decimal(
             clean_str
                 .parse::<Decimal>()
                 .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
-        )
+            unit,
+        ))
     } else {
-        Number::Integer(
+        Ok(Number::Integer(
             clean_str
                 .parse::<i128>()
                 .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
-        )
-    };
-
-    if let Some(suffix) = suffix {
-        Ok(match suffix {
-            'c' => Temperature::Celsius(num),
-            'f' => Temperature::Fahrenheit(num),
-            'k' => Temperature::Kelvin(num),
-            _ => unreachable!(),
-        }
-        .to_kelvin())
-    } else {
-        Ok(num)
+            unit,
+        ))
     }
 }
 
@@ -394,19 +350,55 @@ impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TokenType<'a> {
     }
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum Unit {
+    None,
+    Celsius,
+    Fahrenheit,
+    Kelvin,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum Number {
     /// Represents an integer number
-    Integer(i128),
+    Integer(i128, Unit),
     /// Represents a decimal type number with a precision of 64 bits
-    Decimal(Decimal),
+    Decimal(Decimal, Unit),
+}
+
+impl Number {
+    pub fn unit(&self) -> Unit {
+        match self {
+            Number::Integer(_, u) => *u,
+            Number::Decimal(_, u) => *u,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_unit(&self) -> bool {
+        self.unit() != Unit::None
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<bool> for Number {
+    fn from(value: bool) -> Self {
+        Self::Integer(if value { 1 } else { 0 }, Unit::None)
+    }
 }
 
 impl From<Number> for Decimal {
     fn from(value: Number) -> Self {
-        match value {
-            Number::Decimal(d) => d,
-            Number::Integer(i) => Decimal::from(i),
+        let (val, unit) = match value {
+            Number::Decimal(d, u) => (d, u),
+            Number::Integer(i, u) => (Decimal::from(i), u),
+        };
+
+        match unit {
+            Unit::None | Unit::Kelvin => val,
+            Unit::Celsius => val + Decimal::new(27315, 2),
+            Unit::Fahrenheit => {
+                (val - Decimal::new(32, 0)) * Decimal::new(5, 0) / Decimal::new(9, 0)
+                    + Decimal::new(27315, 2)
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -416,22 +408,48 @@ impl std::ops::Neg for Number {
 
     fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
         match self {
-            Self::Integer(i) => Self::Integer(-i),
-            Self::Decimal(d) => Self::Decimal(-d),
+            Self::Integer(i, u) => Self::Integer(-i, u),
+            Self::Decimal(d, u) => Self::Decimal(-d, u),
         }
     }
 }
 
+fn determine_target_unit(lhs_unit: Unit, rhs_unit: Unit) -> Option<Unit> {
+    if lhs_unit == rhs_unit {
+        return Some(lhs_unit);
+    }
+    if lhs_unit != Unit::None && rhs_unit == Unit::None {
+        return Some(lhs_unit);
+    }
+    if lhs_unit == Unit::None && rhs_unit != Unit::None {
+        return Some(rhs_unit);
+    }
+    // Mismatched units (C + F) -> Fallback to Kelvin/None
+    None
+}
+
 impl std::ops::Add for Number {
     type Output = Number;
 
     fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
-        match (self, rhs) {
-            (Self::Integer(l), Self::Integer(r)) => Number::Integer(l + r),
-            (Self::Decimal(l), Self::Decimal(r)) => Number::Decimal(l + r),
-            (Self::Integer(l), Self::Decimal(r)) => Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) + r),
-            (Self::Decimal(l), Self::Integer(r)) => Number::Decimal(l + Decimal::from(r)),
+        // If we can determine a common target unit (e.g. C + C = C, or C + Scalar = C),
+        // we preserve that unit. Otherwise, we convert to Kelvin (Decimal) and return Unit::None.
+        if let Some(target_unit) = determine_target_unit(self.unit(), rhs.unit()) {
+            return match (self, rhs) {
+                (Self::Integer(l, _), Self::Integer(r, _)) => Number::Integer(l + r, target_unit),
+                (Self::Decimal(l, _), Self::Decimal(r, _)) => Number::Decimal(l + r, target_unit),
+                (Self::Integer(l, _), Self::Decimal(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) + r, target_unit)
+                }
+                (Self::Decimal(l, _), Self::Integer(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(l + Decimal::from(r), target_unit)
+                }
+            };
         }
+
+        let l: Decimal = self.into();
+        let r: Decimal = rhs.into();
+        Number::Decimal(l + r, Unit::None)
     }
 }
 
@@ -439,12 +457,22 @@ impl std::ops::Sub for Number {
     type Output = Number;
 
     fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
-        match (self, rhs) {
-            (Self::Integer(l), Self::Integer(r)) => Self::Integer(l - r),
-            (Self::Decimal(l), Self::Integer(r)) => Self::Decimal(l - Decimal::from(r)),
-            (Self::Integer(l), Self::Decimal(r)) => Self::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) - r),
-            (Self::Decimal(l), Self::Decimal(r)) => Self::Decimal(l - r),
+        if let Some(target_unit) = determine_target_unit(self.unit(), rhs.unit()) {
+            return match (self, rhs) {
+                (Self::Integer(l, _), Self::Integer(r, _)) => Number::Integer(l - r, target_unit),
+                (Self::Decimal(l, _), Self::Decimal(r, _)) => Number::Decimal(l - r, target_unit),
+                (Self::Integer(l, _), Self::Decimal(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) - r, target_unit)
+                }
+                (Self::Decimal(l, _), Self::Integer(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(l - Decimal::from(r), target_unit)
+                }
+            };
         }
+
+        let l: Decimal = self.into();
+        let r: Decimal = rhs.into();
+        Number::Decimal(l - r, Unit::None)
     }
 }
 
@@ -452,12 +480,26 @@ impl std::ops::Mul for Number {
     type Output = Number;
 
     fn mul(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
-        match (self, rhs) {
-            (Number::Integer(l), Number::Integer(r)) => Number::Integer(l * r),
-            (Number::Integer(l), Number::Decimal(r)) => Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) * r),
-            (Number::Decimal(l), Number::Integer(r)) => Number::Decimal(l * Decimal::from(r)),
-            (Number::Decimal(l), Number::Decimal(r)) => Number::Decimal(l * r),
+        if let Some(target_unit) = determine_target_unit(self.unit(), rhs.unit()) {
+            return match (self, rhs) {
+                (Number::Integer(l, _), Number::Integer(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Integer(l * r, target_unit)
+                }
+                (Number::Integer(l, _), Number::Decimal(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(l) * r, target_unit)
+                }
+                (Number::Decimal(l, _), Number::Integer(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(l * Decimal::from(r), target_unit)
+                }
+                (Number::Decimal(l, _), Number::Decimal(r, _)) => {
+                    Number::Decimal(l * r, target_unit)
+                }
+            };
         }
+
+        let l: Decimal = self.into();
+        let r: Decimal = rhs.into();
+        Number::Decimal(l * r, Unit::None)
     }
 }
 
@@ -465,7 +507,22 @@ impl std::ops::Div for Number {
     type Output = Number;
 
     fn div(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
-        Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(self) / Decimal::from(rhs))
+        if let Some(target_unit) = determine_target_unit(self.unit(), rhs.unit()) {
+            // Division always promotes to Decimal
+            let l_val = match self {
+                Self::Integer(i, _) => Decimal::from(i),
+                Self::Decimal(d, _) => d,
+            };
+            let r_val = match rhs {
+                Self::Integer(i, _) => Decimal::from(i),
+                Self::Decimal(d, _) => d,
+            };
+            return Number::Decimal(l_val / r_val, target_unit);
+        }
+
+        let l: Decimal = self.into();
+        let r: Decimal = rhs.into();
+        Number::Decimal(l / r, Unit::None)
     }
 }
 
@@ -473,15 +530,36 @@ impl std::ops::Rem for Number {
     type Output = Number;
 
     fn rem(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
-        Number::Decimal(Decimal::from(self) % Decimal::from(rhs))
+        if let Some(target_unit) = determine_target_unit(self.unit(), rhs.unit()) {
+            let l_val = match self {
+                Self::Integer(i, _) => Decimal::from(i),
+                Self::Decimal(d, _) => d,
+            };
+            let r_val = match rhs {
+                Self::Integer(i, _) => Decimal::from(i),
+                Self::Decimal(d, _) => d,
+            };
+            return Number::Decimal(l_val % r_val, target_unit);
+        }
+
+        let l: Decimal = self.into();
+        let r: Decimal = rhs.into();
+        Number::Decimal(l % r, Unit::None)
     }
 }
 
 impl std::fmt::Display for Number {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            Number::Integer(i) => write!(f, "{}", i),
-            Number::Decimal(d) => write!(f, "{}", d),
+        let (val, unit) = match self {
+            Number::Integer(i, u) => (i.to_string(), u),
+            Number::Decimal(d, u) => (d.to_string(), u),
+        };
+
+        match unit {
+            Unit::None => write!(f, "{}", val),
+            Unit::Celsius => write!(f, "{}c", val),
+            Unit::Fahrenheit => write!(f, "{}f", val),
+            Unit::Kelvin => write!(f, "{}k", val),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -535,6 +613,8 @@ pub enum Symbol {
     Caret,
     /// Represents the `%` symbol
     Percent,
+    /// Represents the `?` symbol
+    Question,
 
     // Double Character Symbols
     /// Represents the `==` symbol
@@ -601,6 +681,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Symbol {
             Self::Asterisk => write!(f, "*"),
             Self::Slash => write!(f, "/"),
             Self::LessThan => write!(f, "<"),
+            Self::Question => write!(f, "?"),
             Self::LessThanOrEqual => write!(f, "<="),
             Self::GreaterThan => write!(f, ">"),
             Self::GreaterThanOrEqual => write!(f, ">="),
@@ -761,3 +842,4 @@ documented! {
         While,
     }
 }
+

rust_compiler/src/ffi/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use compiler::Compiler;
-use helpers::Documentation;
+use compiler::{CompilationResult, Compiler};
+use helpers::{Documentation, Span};
 use parser::{sys_call::SysCall, Parser};
 use safer_ffi::prelude::*;
 use std::io::BufWriter;
@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@ use tokenizer::{
     Tokenizer,
 };
 
+#[derive_ReprC]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct FfiSourceMapEntry {
+    pub line_number: u32,
+    pub span: FfiRange,
+}
+
+#[derive_ReprC]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct FfiCompilationResult {
+    pub output_code: safer_ffi::String,
+    pub source_map: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiSourceMapEntry>,
+}
+
 #[derive_ReprC]
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct FfiToken {
@@ -34,6 +48,17 @@ pub struct FfiDocumentedItem {
     docs: safer_ffi::String,
 }
 
+impl From<Span> for FfiRange {
+    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start_line: value.start_line as u32,
+            end_line: value.end_line as u32,
+            start_col: value.start_col as u32,
+            end_col: value.end_col as u32,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<lsp_types::Range> for FfiRange {
     fn from(value: lsp_types::Range) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -69,6 +94,11 @@ impl From<lsp_types::Diagnostic> for FfiDiagnostic {
     }
 }
 
+#[ffi_export]
+pub fn free_ffi_compilation_result(input: FfiCompilationResult) {
+    drop(input)
+}
+
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn free_ffi_token_vec(v: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiToken>) {
     drop(v)
@@ -94,28 +124,56 @@ pub fn free_docs_vec(v: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiDocumentedItem>) {
 /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
 /// from the GC from a `GetBytes()` call on a string in C#.
 #[ffi_export]
-pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::String {
+pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> FfiCompilationResult {
     let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
         let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
-        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
 
         let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
         let parser = Parser::new(tokenizer);
-        let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
+        let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, None);
 
-        if !compiler.compile().is_empty() {
-            return safer_ffi::String::EMPTY;
+        let res = compiler.compile();
+
+        if !res.errors.is_empty() {
+            return (safer_ffi::String::EMPTY, res.instructions.source_map());
         }
 
+        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
+
+        // writing into a Vec<u8>. This should not fail.
+        let optimized = optimizer::optimize(res.instructions);
+        let map = optimized.source_map();
+        _ = optimized.write(&mut writer);
+
         let Ok(compiled_vec) = writer.into_inner() else {
-            return safer_ffi::String::EMPTY;
+            return (safer_ffi::String::EMPTY, map);
         };
 
         // Safety: I know the compiler only outputs valid utf8
-        safer_ffi::String::from(unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(compiled_vec) })
+        (
+            safer_ffi::String::from(unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(compiled_vec) }),
+            map,
+        )
     });
 
-    res.unwrap_or("".into())
+    if let Ok((res_str, source_map)) = res {
+        FfiCompilationResult {
+            source_map: source_map
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(line_num, span)| FfiSourceMapEntry {
+                    span: span.into(),
+                    line_number: line_num as u32,
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                .into(),
+            output_code: res_str,
+        }
+    } else {
+        FfiCompilationResult {
+            output_code: "".into(),
+            source_map: vec![].into(),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[ffi_export]
@@ -180,11 +238,12 @@ pub fn diagnose_source(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<
     let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
         let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
 
-        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
-        let compiler = Compiler::new(Parser::new(tokenizer), &mut writer, None);
+        let compiler = Compiler::new(Parser::new(tokenizer), None);
 
-        let diagnosis = compiler.compile();
+        let CompilationResult {
+            errors: diagnosis, ..
+        } = compiler.compile();
 
         let mut result_vec: Vec<FfiDiagnostic> = Vec::with_capacity(diagnosis.len());
 

rust_compiler/src/main.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #![allow(clippy::result_large_err)]
 
 use clap::Parser;
-use compiler::Compiler;
+use compiler::{CompilationResult, Compiler};
 use parser::Parser as ASTParser;
 use std::{
     fs::File,
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ struct Args {
     /// The output file for the compiled program. If not set, output will go to stdout.
     #[arg(short, long)]
     output_file: Option<PathBuf>,
+    /// Should Slang attempt to optimize the output?
+    #[arg(short = 'z', long)]
+    optimize: bool,
 }
 
 fn run_logic<'a>() -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
@@ -88,9 +91,13 @@ fn run_logic<'a>() -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
         None => BufWriter::new(Box::new(std::io::stdout())),
     };
 
-    let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
+    let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, None);
 
-    let errors = compiler.compile();
+    let CompilationResult {
+        errors,
+        instructions,
+        ..
+    } = compiler.compile();
 
     if !errors.is_empty() {
         let mut std_error = stderr();
@@ -103,6 +110,12 @@ fn run_logic<'a>() -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
         }
     }
 
+    if args.optimize {
+        optimizer::optimize(instructions).write(&mut writer)?;
+    } else {
+        instructions.write(&mut writer)?;
+    }
+
     writer.flush()?;
 
     Ok(())