Add support for colorized comments

minor version bump
The Cows are all working. Moo.
2025-12-09 17:38:35 -07:00 · 2025-12-09 16:50:23 -07:00 · 2025-12-09 16:31:24 -07:00 · 2025-12-09 16:05:40 -07:00 · 2025-12-09 13:59:54 -07:00 · 2025-12-09 13:51:54 -07:00
22 changed files with 1212 additions and 1652 deletions
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
 # Changelog
 [0.2.0]
 - Completely re-wrote the tokenizer to use `logos`
 - Changed AST and Token data structures to use `Cow` instead of `String`
 - Updated error reporting to use `thiserror` instead of `quickerror`
 [0.1.2]
 - Removed references to `Unitask`
--- a/ModData/About/About.xml
+++ b/ModData/About/About.xml
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <ModMetadata xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
-  <Name>StationeersSlang</Name>
+  <Name>Slang</Name>
  <Author>JoeDiertay</Author>
-  <Version>0.1.1</Version>
+  <Version>0.2.0</Version>
  <Description>
 [h1]Slang: High-Level Programming for Stationeers[/h1]
 Stop writing assembly. Start writing code.
-Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows you to write scripts using a familiar C-style syntax (variables, functions, if/else, loops) directly in the in-game editor. When you hit confirm, Slang compiles your code into optimized IC10 MIPS assembly instantly.
+Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows you to write scripts using a familiar C-style syntax (variables, functions, if/else, loops) directly in the in-game editor. When you hit confirm, Slang compiles your code into IC10 instantly.
 [b]NOTE: This project is in BETA. Expect updates and changes![/b]
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ A: Yes! Slang does not modify any existing IC10 code, it is only a compiler. As
  <OrderBefore WorkshopHandle="3592775931" />
  <InGameDescription><![CDATA[
        <size=30><color=#ffff00>Slang - High Level Language Compiler</color></size>
-        A modern programming experience for Stationeers. Write C-style code that compiles to MIPS assembly instantly.
+        A modern programming experience for Stationeers. Write C-style code that compiles to IC10 instantly.
        <color=#ffa500><b>Features</b></color>
        - <b>In-Game Compilation:</b> Write high-level logic directly in the chip editor.
--- a/csharp_mod/Extensions.cs
+++ b/csharp_mod/Extensions.cs
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
            var color = GetColorForKind(token.token_kind);
-            int colIndex = token.column - 1;
+            int colIndex = token.column;
            if (colIndex < 0)
                colIndex = 0;
@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
                    Severity = item.severity,
                    Range = new Slang.Range
                    {
-                        EndCol = Math.Max(item.range.end_col - 2, 0),
+                        EndCol = Math.Max(item.range.end_col, 0),
-                        EndLine = item.range.end_line - 1,
+                        EndLine = item.range.end_line,
-                        StartCol = Math.Max(item.range.start_col - 2, 0),
+                        StartCol = Math.Max(item.range.start_col, 0),
-                        StartLine = item.range.end_line - 1,
+                        StartLine = item.range.start_line,
                    },
                }
            );
@@ -134,6 +134,9 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
            case 7: // (punctuation)
                return SlangFormatter.ColorDefault;
            case 8: // Comments
                return SlangFormatter.ColorComment;
            case 10: // (syscalls)
                return SlangFormatter.ColorFunction;
--- a/csharp_mod/Formatter.cs
+++ b/csharp_mod/Formatter.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
-using Cysharp.Threading.Tasks;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using StationeersIC10Editor;
 public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
@@ -98,29 +98,32 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
            inputSrc = this.RawText;
        }
-        HandleLsp(inputSrc, token).Forget();
+        _ = HandleLsp(inputSrc, token);
    }
-    private async UniTaskVoid HandleLsp(string inputSrc, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    private async Task HandleLsp(string inputSrc, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        try
        {
-            await UniTask.SwitchToThreadPool();
+            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                return;
            await Task.Delay(200, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                return;
-            await System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Delay(200, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
+            // Running this potentially CPU intensive work on a background thread.
-
+            var dict = await Task.Run(
-            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+                () =>
-                return;
+                {
-
+                    return Marshal
            var dict = Marshal
                        .DiagnoseSource(inputSrc)
                        .GroupBy(d => d.Range.StartLine)
                        .ToDictionary(g => g.Key);
-
+                },
-            await UniTask.Yield(PlayerLoopTiming.Update, cancellationToken);
+                cancellationToken
            );
            ApplyDiagnostics(dict);
        }
@@ -136,7 +139,6 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
    {
        HashSet<uint> linesToRefresh;
        // CRITICAL FIX FOR LINE SHIFTS:
        // If the line count has changed (lines added/deleted), indices have shifted.
        // We must refresh ALL lines to ensure any line that shifted into a new position
        // gets scrubbed of its old visual state.
--- a/csharp_mod/stationeersSlang.csproj
+++ b/csharp_mod/stationeersSlang.csproj
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    <AssemblyName>StationeersSlang</AssemblyName>
    <Description>Slang Compiler Bridge</Description>
-    <Version>0.1.1</Version>
+    <Version>0.2.0</Version>
    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
    <LangVersion>latest</LangVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
@@ -39,10 +39,6 @@
        <HintPath>./ref/Assembly-CSharp.dll</HintPath>
        <Private>False</Private>
      </Reference>
      <Reference Include="UniTask">
        <HintPath>./ref/UniTask.dll</HintPath>
        <Private>False</Private>
      </Reference>
      <Reference Include="IC10Editor.dll">
        <HintPath>./ref/IC10Editor.dll</HintPath>
--- a/rust_compiler/Cargo.lock
+++ b/rust_compiler/Cargo.lock
@@ -28,6 +28,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "version_check",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "aho-corasick"
 version = "1.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ddd31a130427c27518df266943a5308ed92d4b226cc639f5a8f1002816174301"
 dependencies = [
 "memchr",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
 version = "0.6.21"
@@ -114,6 +123,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows-link",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "beef"
 version = "0.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3a8241f3ebb85c056b509d4327ad0358fbbba6ffb340bf388f26350aeda225b1"
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
 version = "1.3.2"
@@ -257,8 +272,8 @@ dependencies = [
 "lsp-types",
 "parser",
 "pretty_assertions",
 "quick-error",
 "rust_decimal",
 "thiserror",
 "tokenizer",
 ]
@@ -327,6 +342,12 @@ dependencies = [
 "bitflags",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "fnv"
 version = "1.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3f9eec918d3f24069decb9af1554cad7c880e2da24a9afd88aca000531ab82c1"
 [[package]]
 name = "funty"
 version = "2.0.0"
@@ -434,6 +455,40 @@ version = "0.2.178"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "37c93d8daa9d8a012fd8ab92f088405fb202ea0b6ab73ee2482ae66af4f42091"
 [[package]]
 name = "logos"
 version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a790d11254054e5dc83902dba85d253ff06ceb0cfafb12be8773435cb9dfb4f4"
 dependencies = [
 "logos-derive",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "logos-codegen"
 version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f60337c43a38313b58871f8d5d76872b8e17aa9d51fad494b5e76092c0ce05f5"
 dependencies = [
 "beef",
 "fnv",
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
 "regex-automata",
 "regex-syntax",
 "rustc_version",
 "syn 2.0.111",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "logos-derive"
 version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d151b2ae667f69e10b8738f5cac0c746faa22b2e15ea7e83b55476afec3767dc"
 dependencies = [
 "logos-codegen",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "lsp-types"
 version = "0.97.0"
@@ -516,7 +571,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "helpers",
 "lsp-types",
 "pretty_assertions",
- "quick-error",
+ "thiserror",
 "tokenizer",
 ]
@@ -593,12 +648,6 @@ dependencies = [
 "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "quick-error"
 version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a993555f31e5a609f617c12db6250dedcac1b0a85076912c436e6fc9b2c8e6a3"
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
 version = "1.0.42"
@@ -644,6 +693,23 @@ dependencies = [
 "getrandom",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-automata"
 version = "0.4.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5276caf25ac86c8d810222b3dbb938e512c55c6831a10f3e6ed1c93b84041f1c"
 dependencies = [
 "aho-corasick",
 "memchr",
 "regex-syntax",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-syntax"
 version = "0.8.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7a2d987857b319362043e95f5353c0535c1f58eec5336fdfcf626430af7def58"
 [[package]]
 name = "rend"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -843,7 +909,7 @@ checksum = "e3a9fe34e3e7a50316060351f37187a3f546bce95496156754b601a5fa71b76e"
 [[package]]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.2.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "clap",
@@ -851,9 +917,9 @@ dependencies = [
 "helpers",
 "lsp-types",
 "parser",
 "quick-error",
 "rust_decimal",
 "safer-ffi",
 "thiserror",
 "tokenizer",
 ]
@@ -926,6 +992,26 @@ version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "55937e1799185b12863d447f42597ed69d9928686b8d88a1df17376a097d8369"
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
 version = "2.0.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f63587ca0f12b72a0600bcba1d40081f830876000bb46dd2337a3051618f4fc8"
 dependencies = [
 "thiserror-impl",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror-impl"
 version = "2.0.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3ff15c8ecd7de3849db632e14d18d2571fa09dfc5ed93479bc4485c7a517c913"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
 "syn 2.0.111",
 ]
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
 version = "1.10.0"
@@ -947,9 +1033,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "helpers",
 "logos",
 "lsp-types",
 "quick-error",
 "rust_decimal",
 "thiserror",
 ]
 [[package]]
--- a/rust_compiler/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust_compiler/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 [package]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.2.0"
 edition = "2021"
 [workspace]
 members = ["libs/*"]
 [workspace.dependencies]
-quick-error = "2"
+thiserror = "2"
 rust_decimal = "1"
 safer-ffi = { version = "0.1" }  # Safely share structs in memory between C# and Rust
 lsp-types = { version = "0.97" } # Allows for LSP style reporting to the frontend
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib", "rlib"]
 [dependencies]
 clap = { version = "^4.5", features = ["derive"] }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
 tokenizer = { path = "libs/tokenizer" }
 parser = { path = "libs/parser" }
 compiler = { path = "libs/compiler" }
 helpers = { path = "libs/helpers" }
 safer-ffi = { workspace = true }
 anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }
 [dev-dependencies]
 anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 [dependencies]
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 parser = { path = "../parser" }
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/mod.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/mod.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ macro_rules! compile {
    (result $source:expr) => {{
        let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
        let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
-            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
+            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
            &mut writer,
            Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
        );
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ macro_rules! compile {
    (debug $source:expr) => {{
        let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
        let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
-            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
+            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
            &mut writer,
            Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
        );
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/v1.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/v1.rs
@@ -11,11 +11,12 @@ use parser::{
        LoopExpression, MemberAccessExpression, Span, Spanned, WhileExpression,
    },
 };
 use quick_error::quick_error;
 use std::{
    borrow::Cow,
    collections::HashMap,
    io::{BufWriter, Write},
 };
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tokenizer::token::Number;
 macro_rules! debug {
@@ -36,7 +37,10 @@ macro_rules! debug {
    };
 }
-fn extract_literal(literal: Literal, allow_strings: bool) -> Result<String, Error> {
+fn extract_literal<'a>(
    literal: Literal<'a>,
    allow_strings: bool,
 ) -> Result<Cow<'a, str>, Error<'a>> {
    if !allow_strings && matches!(literal, Literal::String(_)) {
        return Err(Error::Unknown(
            "Literal strings are not allowed in this context".to_string(),
@@ -45,59 +49,56 @@ fn extract_literal(literal: Literal, allow_strings: bool) -> Result<String, Erro
    }
    Ok(match literal {
        Literal::String(s) => s,
-        Literal::Number(n) => n.to_string(),
+        Literal::Number(n) => Cow::from(n.to_string()),
-        Literal::Boolean(b) => if b { "1" } else { "0" }.into(),
+        Literal::Boolean(b) => Cow::from(if b { "1" } else { "0" }),
    })
 }
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum Error<'a> {
-    pub enum Error {
+    #[error("{0}")]
-        ParseError(error: parser::Error) {
+    Parse(parser::Error<'a>),
-            from()
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0}")]
-        IoError(error: String) {
+    Scope(variable_manager::Error<'a>),
-            display("IO Error: {}", error)
+
-        }
+    #[error("IO Error: {0}")]
-        ScopeError(error: variable_manager::Error) {
+    IO(String),
-            from()
+
-        }
+    #[error("`{0}` has already been defined.")]
-        DuplicateIdentifier(func_name: String, span: Span) {
+    DuplicateIdentifier(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("`{func_name}` has already been defined")
+
-        }
+    #[error("`{0}` is not found in the current scope.")]
-        UnknownIdentifier(ident: String, span: Span) {
+    UnknownIdentifier(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("`{ident}` is not found in the current scope.")
+
-        }
+    #[error("`{0}` is not valid.")]
-        InvalidDevice(device: String, span: Span) {
+    InvalidDevice(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("`{device}` is not valid")
+
-        }
+    #[error("Incorrent number of arguments passed into `{0}`")]
-        AgrumentMismatch(func_name: String, span: Span) {
+    AgrumentMismatch(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("Incorrect number of arguments passed into `{func_name}`")
+
-        }
+    #[error("Attempted to re-assign a value to const variable `{0}`")]
-        ConstAssignment(ident: String, span: Span) {
+    ConstAssignment(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("Attempted to re-assign a value to const variable `{ident}`")
+
-        }
+    #[error("Attempted to re-assign a value to a device const `{0}`")]
-        DeviceAssignment(ident: String, span: Span) {
+    DeviceAssignment(Cow<'a, str>, Span),
-            display("Attempted to re-assign a value to a device const `{ident}`")
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0}")]
-        Unknown(reason: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    Unknown(String, Option<Span>),
            display("{reason}")
        }
    }
 }
-impl From<Error> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
+impl<'a> From<Error<'a>> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
    fn from(value: Error) -> Self {
        use Error::*;
        use lsp_types::*;
        match value {
-            ParseError(e) => e.into(),
+            Parse(e) => e.into(),
-            IoError(e) => Diagnostic {
+            IO(e) => Diagnostic {
                message: e.to_string(),
                severity: Some(DiagnosticSeverity::ERROR),
                ..Default::default()
            },
-            ScopeError(e) => e.into(),
+            Scope(e) => e.into(),
            DuplicateIdentifier(_, span)
            | UnknownIdentifier(_, span)
            | InvalidDevice(_, span)
@@ -119,10 +120,22 @@ impl From<Error> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
    }
 }
 impl<'a> From<parser::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
    fn from(value: parser::Error<'a>) -> Self {
        Self::Parse(value)
    }
 }
 impl<'a> From<variable_manager::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
    fn from(value: variable_manager::Error<'a>) -> Self {
        Self::Scope(value)
    }
 }
 // Map io::Error to Error manually since we can't clone io::Error
-impl From<std::io::Error> for Error {
+impl<'a> From<std::io::Error> for Error<'a> {
    fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
-        Error::IoError(err.to_string())
+        Error::IO(err.to_string())
    }
 }
@@ -132,32 +145,32 @@ pub struct CompilerConfig {
    pub debug: bool,
 }
-struct CompilationResult {
+struct CompilationResult<'a> {
-    location: VariableLocation,
+    location: VariableLocation<'a>,
    /// If Some, this is the name of the temporary variable that holds the result.
    /// It must be freed by the caller when done.
-    temp_name: Option<String>,
+    temp_name: Option<Cow<'a, str>>,
 }
-pub struct Compiler<'a, W: std::io::Write> {
+pub struct Compiler<'a, 'w, W: std::io::Write> {
    pub parser: ASTParser<'a>,
-    function_locations: HashMap<String, usize>,
+    function_locations: HashMap<Cow<'a, str>, usize>,
-    function_metadata: HashMap<String, Vec<String>>,
+    function_metadata: HashMap<Cow<'a, str>, Vec<Cow<'a, str>>>,
-    devices: HashMap<String, String>,
+    devices: HashMap<Cow<'a, str>, Cow<'a, str>>,
-    output: &'a mut BufWriter<W>,
+    output: &'w mut BufWriter<W>,
    current_line: usize,
    declared_main: bool,
    config: CompilerConfig,
    temp_counter: usize,
    label_counter: usize,
-    loop_stack: Vec<(String, String)>, // Stores (start_label, end_label)
+    loop_stack: Vec<(Cow<'a, str>, Cow<'a, str>)>, // Stores (start_label, end_label)
-    pub errors: Vec<Error>,
+    pub errors: Vec<Error<'a>>,
 }
-impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
+impl<'a, 'w, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, 'w, W> {
    pub fn new(
        parser: ASTParser<'a>,
-        writer: &'a mut BufWriter<W>,
+        writer: &'w mut BufWriter<W>,
        config: Option<CompilerConfig>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
@@ -176,12 +189,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        }
    }
-    pub fn compile(mut self) -> Vec<Error> {
+    pub fn compile(mut self) -> Vec<Error<'a>> {
        let expr = self.parser.parse_all();
        // Copy errors from parser
        for e in std::mem::take(&mut self.parser.errors) {
-            self.errors.push(Error::ParseError(e));
+            self.errors.push(Error::Parse(e));
        }
        // We treat parse_all result as potentially partial
@@ -190,7 +203,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            Ok(None) => return self.errors,
            Err(e) => {
                // Should be covered by parser.errors, but just in case
-                self.errors.push(Error::ParseError(e));
+                self.errors.push(Error::Parse(e));
                return self.errors;
            }
        };
@@ -214,15 +227,17 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            return self.errors;
        }
        let mut scope = VariableScope::default();
        // We ignore the result of the root expression (usually a block)
-        if let Err(e) = self.expression(spanned_root, &mut VariableScope::default()) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.expression(spanned_root, &mut scope) {
            self.errors.push(e);
        }
        self.errors
    }
-    fn write_output(&mut self, output: impl Into<String>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn write_output(&mut self, output: impl Into<String>) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        self.output.write_all(output.into().as_bytes())?;
        self.output.write_all(b"\n")?;
        self.current_line += 1;
@@ -230,21 +245,21 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn next_temp_name(&mut self) -> String {
+    fn next_temp_name(&mut self) -> Cow<'a, str> {
        self.temp_counter += 1;
-        format!("__binary_temp_{}", self.temp_counter)
+        Cow::from(format!("__binary_temp_{}", self.temp_counter))
    }
-    fn next_label_name(&mut self) -> String {
+    fn next_label_name(&mut self) -> Cow<'a, str> {
        self.label_counter += 1;
-        format!("L{}", self.label_counter)
+        Cow::from(format!("L{}", self.label_counter))
    }
-    fn expression<'v>(
+    fn expression(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<Expression>,
+        expr: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        match expr.node {
            Expression::Function(expr_func) => {
                self.expression_function(expr_func, scope)?;
@@ -303,11 +318,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                // Invocation returns result in r15 (RETURN_REGISTER).
                // If used as an expression, we must move it to a temp to avoid overwrite.
                let temp_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let temp_loc = scope.add_variable(&temp_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let temp_loc =
                    scope.add_variable(temp_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                self.emit_variable_assignment(
-                    &temp_name,
+                    temp_name.clone(),
                    &temp_loc,
-                    format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER),
+                    Cow::from(format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER)),
                )?;
                Ok(Some(CompilationResult {
                    location: temp_loc,
@@ -325,8 +341,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) => match spanned_lit.node {
                Literal::Number(num) => {
                    let temp_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                    let loc = scope.add_variable(&temp_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                    let loc = scope.add_variable(temp_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&temp_name, &loc, num.to_string())?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(
                        temp_name.clone(),
                        &loc,
                        Cow::from(num.to_string()),
                    )?;
                    Ok(Some(CompilationResult {
                        location: loc,
                        temp_name: Some(temp_name),
@@ -335,8 +355,8 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                Literal::Boolean(b) => {
                    let val = if b { "1" } else { "0" };
                    let temp_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                    let loc = scope.add_variable(&temp_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                    let loc = scope.add_variable(temp_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&temp_name, &loc, val)?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(temp_name.clone(), &loc, Cow::from(val))?;
                    Ok(Some(CompilationResult {
                        location: loc,
                        temp_name: Some(temp_name),
@@ -377,7 +397,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                // 2. Allocate a temp register for the result
                let result_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let loc = scope.add_variable(&result_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let loc = scope.add_variable(result_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                let reg = self.resolve_register(&loc)?;
                // 3. Emit load instruction: l rX device member
@@ -409,7 +429,8 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                // Compile negation as 0 - inner
                let (inner_str, cleanup) = self.compile_operand(*inner_expr, scope)?;
                let result_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let result_loc = scope.add_variable(&result_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let result_loc =
                    scope.add_variable(result_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result_loc)?;
                self.write_output(format!("sub {result_reg} 0 {inner_str}"))?;
@@ -435,11 +456,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    /// Resolves an expression to a device identifier string for use in instructions like `s` or `l`.
    /// Returns (device_string, optional_cleanup_temp_name).
-    fn resolve_device<'v>(
+    fn resolve_device(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<Expression>,
+        expr: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Cow<'a, str>>), Error<'a>> {
        // If it's a direct variable reference, check if it's a known device alias first
        if let Expression::Variable(ref name) = expr.node
            && let Some(device_id) = self.devices.get(&name.node)
@@ -453,10 +474,10 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    fn emit_variable_assignment(
        &mut self,
-        var_name: &str,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
-        location: &VariableLocation,
+        location: &VariableLocation<'a>,
-        source_value: impl Into<String>,
+        source_value: Cow<'a, str>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let debug_tag = if self.config.debug {
            format!(" #{var_name}")
        } else {
@@ -465,10 +486,10 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        match location {
            VariableLocation::Temporary(reg) | VariableLocation::Persistant(reg) => {
-                self.write_output(format!("move r{reg} {}{debug_tag}", source_value.into()))?;
+                self.write_output(format!("move r{reg} {}{debug_tag}", source_value))?;
            }
            VariableLocation::Stack(_) => {
-                self.write_output(format!("push {}{debug_tag}", source_value.into()))?;
+                self.write_output(format!("push {}{debug_tag}", source_value))?;
            }
            VariableLocation::Constant(_) => {
                return Err(Error::Unknown(
@@ -491,12 +512,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_declaration<'v>(
+    fn expression_declaration(
        &mut self,
-        var_name: Spanned<String>,
+        var_name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-        expr: Spanned<Expression>,
+        expr: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        let name_str = var_name.node;
        let name_span = var_name.span;
@@ -505,8 +526,13 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            && let Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) = &box_expr.node
            && let Literal::Number(neg_num) = &spanned_lit.node
        {
-            let loc = scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+            let loc =
-            self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &loc, format!("-{neg_num}"))?;
+                scope.add_variable(name_str.clone(), LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
            self.emit_variable_assignment(
                name_str.clone(),
                &loc,
                Cow::from(format!("-{neg_num}")),
            )?;
            return Ok(Some(CompilationResult {
                location: loc,
                temp_name: None,
@@ -522,7 +548,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                        Some(name_span),
                    )?;
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_location, num)?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(
                        name_str.clone(),
                        &var_location,
                        Cow::from(num.to_string()),
                    )?;
                    (var_location, None)
                }
                Literal::Boolean(b) => {
@@ -533,7 +563,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                        Some(name_span),
                    )?;
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_location, val)?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_location, Cow::from(val))?;
                    (var_location, None)
                }
                _ => return Ok(None),
@@ -541,12 +571,15 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            Expression::Invocation(invoke_expr) => {
                self.expression_function_invocation(invoke_expr, scope)?;
-                let loc =
+                let loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                self.emit_variable_assignment(
-                    &name_str,
+                    name_str,
                    &loc,
-                    format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER),
+                    Cow::from(format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER)),
                )?;
                (loc, None)
            }
@@ -566,12 +599,15 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    ));
                };
-                let loc =
+                let loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                self.emit_variable_assignment(
-                    &name_str,
+                    name_str,
                    &loc,
-                    format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER),
+                    Cow::from(format!("r{}", VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER)),
                )?;
                (loc, None)
@@ -579,20 +615,23 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            // Support assigning binary expressions to variables directly
            Expression::Binary(bin_expr) => {
                let result = self.expression_binary(bin_expr, scope)?;
-                let var_loc =
+                let var_loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                if let CompilationResult {
                    location: VariableLocation::Constant(Literal::Number(num)),
                    ..
                } = result
                {
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_loc, num)?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_loc, Cow::from(num.to_string()))?;
                    (var_loc, None)
                } else {
                    // Move result from temp to new persistent variable
                    let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result.location)?;
-                    self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
+                    self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
                    // Free the temp result
                    if let Some(name) = result.temp_name {
@@ -603,12 +642,15 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            }
            Expression::Logical(log_expr) => {
                let result = self.expression_logical(log_expr, scope)?;
-                let var_loc =
+                let var_loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                // Move result from temp to new persistent variable
                let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result.location)?;
-                self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
+                self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
                // Free the temp result
                if let Some(name) = result.temp_name {
@@ -628,8 +670,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    }
                };
-                let var_loc =
+                let var_loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                // Handle loading from stack if necessary
                let src_str = match src_loc {
@@ -649,7 +694,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    }
                    VariableLocation::Constant(_) | VariableLocation::Device(_) => unreachable!(),
                };
-                self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_loc, src_str)?;
+                self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_loc, Cow::from(src_str))?;
                (var_loc, None)
            }
            Expression::Priority(inner) => {
@@ -680,11 +725,14 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    ));
                };
-                let var_loc =
+                let var_loc = scope.add_variable(
-                    scope.add_variable(&name_str, LocationRequest::Persist, Some(name_span))?;
+                    name_str.clone(),
                    LocationRequest::Persist,
                    Some(name_span),
                )?;
                let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&comp_res.location)?;
-                self.emit_variable_assignment(&name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
+                self.emit_variable_assignment(name_str, &var_loc, result_reg)?;
                if let Some(temp) = comp_res.temp_name {
                    scope.free_temp(temp, None)?;
@@ -706,11 +754,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        }))
    }
-    fn expression_const_declaration<'v>(
+    fn expression_const_declaration(
        &mut self,
-        expr: ConstDeclarationExpression,
+        expr: ConstDeclarationExpression<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<CompilationResult, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<CompilationResult<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let ConstDeclarationExpression {
            name: const_name,
            value: const_value,
@@ -741,11 +789,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        })
    }
-    fn expression_assignment<'v>(
+    fn expression_assignment(
        &mut self,
-        expr: AssignmentExpression,
+        expr: AssignmentExpression<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let AssignmentExpression {
            assignee,
            expression,
@@ -831,9 +879,9 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    fn expression_function_invocation(
        &mut self,
-        invoke_expr: Spanned<InvocationExpression>,
+        invoke_expr: Spanned<InvocationExpression<'a>>,
-        stack: &mut VariableScope,
+        stack: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let InvocationExpression { name, arguments } = invoke_expr.node;
        if !self.function_locations.contains_key(&name.node) {
@@ -848,12 +896,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        let Some(args) = self.function_metadata.get(&name.node) else {
            // Should be covered by check above
-            return Err(Error::UnknownIdentifier(name.node.clone(), name.span));
+            return Err(Error::UnknownIdentifier(name.node, name.span));
        };
        if args.len() != arguments.len() {
            self.errors
-                .push(Error::AgrumentMismatch(name.node.clone(), name.span));
+                .push(Error::AgrumentMismatch(name.node, name.span));
            // Proceed anyway? The assembly will likely crash or act weird.
            // Best to skip generation of this call to prevent bad IC10
            return Ok(());
@@ -862,7 +910,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        // backup all used registers to the stack
        let active_registers = stack.registers().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
        for register in &active_registers {
-            stack.add_variable(format!("temp_{register}"), LocationRequest::Stack, None)?;
+            stack.add_variable(
                Cow::from(format!("temp_{register}")),
                LocationRequest::Stack,
                None,
            )?;
            self.write_output(format!("push r{register}"))?;
        }
        for arg in arguments {
@@ -879,8 +931,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    _ => {}
                },
                Expression::Variable(var_name) => {
-                    let loc =
+                    let loc = match stack.get_location_of(&var_name.node, Some(var_name.span)) {
                        match stack.get_location_of(var_name.node.clone(), Some(var_name.span)) {
                        Ok(l) => l,
                        Err(_) => {
                            self.errors
@@ -978,8 +1029,8 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        for register in active_registers {
            let VariableLocation::Stack(stack_offset) = stack
-                .get_location_of(format!("temp_{register}"), None)
+                .get_location_of(&Cow::from(format!("temp_{register}")), None)
-                .map_err(Error::ScopeError)?
+                .map_err(Error::Scope)?
            else {
                // This shouldn't happen if we just added it
                return Err(Error::Unknown(
@@ -1004,7 +1055,10 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_device(&mut self, expr: DeviceDeclarationExpression) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn expression_device(
        &mut self,
        expr: DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a>,
    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        if self.devices.contains_key(&expr.name.node) {
            self.errors.push(Error::DuplicateIdentifier(
                expr.name.node.clone(),
@@ -1020,11 +1074,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_if<'v>(
+    fn expression_if(
        &mut self,
-        expr: IfExpression,
+        expr: IfExpression<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let end_label = self.next_label_name();
        let else_label = if expr.else_branch.is_some() {
            self.next_label_name()
@@ -1067,11 +1121,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_loop<'v>(
+    fn expression_loop(
        &mut self,
-        expr: LoopExpression,
+        expr: LoopExpression<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let start_label = self.next_label_name();
        let end_label = self.next_label_name();
@@ -1093,11 +1147,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_while<'v>(
+    fn expression_while(
        &mut self,
-        expr: WhileExpression,
+        expr: WhileExpression<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let start_label = self.next_label_name();
        let end_label = self.next_label_name();
@@ -1129,7 +1183,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn expression_break(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn expression_break(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        if let Some((_, end_label)) = self.loop_stack.last() {
            self.write_output(format!("j {end_label}"))?;
            Ok(())
@@ -1141,7 +1195,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        }
    }
-    fn expression_continue(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn expression_continue(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        if let Some((start_label, _)) = self.loop_stack.last() {
            self.write_output(format!("j {start_label}"))?;
            Ok(())
@@ -1156,9 +1210,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    /// Helper to resolve a location to a register string (e.g., "r0").
    /// Note: This does not handle Stack locations automatically, as they require
    /// instruction emission to load. Use `compile_operand` for general handling.
-    fn resolve_register(&self, loc: &VariableLocation) -> Result<String, Error> {
+    fn resolve_register(&self, loc: &VariableLocation) -> Result<Cow<'a, str>, Error<'a>> {
        match loc {
-            VariableLocation::Temporary(r) | VariableLocation::Persistant(r) => Ok(format!("r{r}")),
+            VariableLocation::Temporary(r) | VariableLocation::Persistant(r) => {
                Ok(Cow::from(format!("r{r}")))
            }
            VariableLocation::Constant(_) => Err(Error::Unknown(
                "Cannot resolve a constant value to register".into(),
                None,
@@ -1180,19 +1236,19 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    /// so the caller can free it.
    fn compile_operand(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<Expression>,
+        expr: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Cow<'a, str>>), Error<'a>> {
        // Optimization for literals
        if let Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) = &expr.node {
            if let Literal::Number(n) = spanned_lit.node {
-                return Ok((n.to_string(), None));
+                return Ok((Cow::from(n.to_string()), None));
            }
            if let Literal::Boolean(b) = spanned_lit.node {
-                return Ok((if b { "1".to_string() } else { "0".to_string() }, None));
+                return Ok((Cow::from(if b { "1" } else { "0" }), None));
            }
            if let Literal::String(ref s) = spanned_lit.node {
-                return Ok((s.to_string(), None));
+                return Ok((s.clone(), None));
            }
        }
@@ -1202,7 +1258,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            && let Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) = &inner.node
            && let Literal::Number(n) = spanned_lit.node
        {
-            return Ok((format!("-{}", n), None));
+            return Ok((Cow::from(format!("-{}", n)), None));
        }
        let result_opt = self.expression(expr, scope)?;
@@ -1211,23 +1267,24 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            Some(r) => r,
            None => {
                // Expression failed or returned void. Recover with dummy.
-                return Ok(("r0".to_string(), None));
+                return Ok((Cow::from("r0"), None));
            }
        };
        match result.location {
            VariableLocation::Temporary(r) | VariableLocation::Persistant(r) => {
-                Ok((format!("r{r}"), result.temp_name))
+                Ok((Cow::from(format!("r{r}")), result.temp_name))
            }
            VariableLocation::Constant(lit) => match lit {
-                Literal::Number(n) => Ok((n.to_string(), None)),
+                Literal::Number(n) => Ok((Cow::from(n.to_string()), None)),
-                Literal::Boolean(b) => Ok((if b { "1" } else { "0" }.to_string(), None)),
+                Literal::Boolean(b) => Ok((Cow::from(if b { "1" } else { "0" }), None)),
                Literal::String(s) => Ok((s, None)),
            },
            VariableLocation::Stack(offset) => {
                // If it's on the stack, we must load it into a temp to use it as an operand
                let temp_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let temp_loc = scope.add_variable(&temp_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let temp_loc =
                    scope.add_variable(temp_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                let temp_reg = self.resolve_register(&temp_loc)?;
                self.write_output(format!(
@@ -1250,9 +1307,9 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    fn compile_literal_or_variable(
        &mut self,
-        val: LiteralOrVariable,
+        val: LiteralOrVariable<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Cow<'a, str>>), Error<'a>> {
        let dummy_span = Span {
            start_line: 0,
            start_col: 0,
@@ -1276,12 +1333,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        )
    }
-    fn expression_binary<'v>(
+    fn expression_binary(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<BinaryExpression>,
+        expr: Spanned<BinaryExpression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<CompilationResult, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<CompilationResult<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        fn fold_binary_expression(expr: &BinaryExpression) -> Option<Number> {
+        fn fold_binary_expression<'a>(expr: &BinaryExpression<'a>) -> Option<Number> {
            let (lhs, rhs) = match &expr {
                BinaryExpression::Add(l, r)
                | BinaryExpression::Subtract(l, r)
@@ -1301,7 +1358,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            }
        }
-        fn fold_expression(expr: &Expression) -> Option<Number> {
+        fn fold_expression<'a>(expr: &Expression<'a>) -> Option<Number> {
            match expr {
                // 1. Base Case: It's already a number
                Expression::Literal(lit) => match lit.node {
@@ -1349,7 +1406,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        // Allocate result register
        let result_name = self.next_temp_name();
-        let result_loc = scope.add_variable(&result_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+        let result_loc = scope.add_variable(result_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
        let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result_loc)?;
        // Emit instruction: op result lhs rhs
@@ -1369,17 +1426,18 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        })
    }
-    fn expression_logical<'v>(
+    fn expression_logical(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<LogicalExpression>,
+        expr: Spanned<LogicalExpression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<CompilationResult, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<CompilationResult<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        match expr.node {
            LogicalExpression::Not(inner) => {
                let (inner_str, cleanup) = self.compile_operand(*inner, scope)?;
                let result_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let result_loc = scope.add_variable(&result_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let result_loc =
                    scope.add_variable(result_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result_loc)?;
                // seq rX rY 0  => if rY == 0 set rX = 1 else rX = 0
@@ -1414,7 +1472,8 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                // Allocate result register
                let result_name = self.next_temp_name();
-                let result_loc = scope.add_variable(&result_name, LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
+                let result_loc =
                    scope.add_variable(result_name.clone(), LocationRequest::Temp, None)?;
                let result_reg = self.resolve_register(&result_loc)?;
                // Emit instruction: op result lhs rhs
@@ -1438,9 +1497,9 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    fn expression_block<'v>(
        &mut self,
-        mut expr: BlockExpression,
+        mut expr: BlockExpression<'a>,
-        parent_scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        parent_scope: &'v mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        // First, sort the expressions to ensure functions are hoisted
        expr.0.sort_by(|a, b| {
            if matches!(
@@ -1502,17 +1561,21 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    }
    /// Takes the result of the expression and stores it in VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER
-    fn expression_return<'v>(
+    fn expression_return(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<Expression>,
+        expr: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        if let Expression::Negation(neg_expr) = &expr.node
            && let Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) = &neg_expr.node
            && let Literal::Number(neg_num) = &spanned_lit.node
        {
            let loc = VariableLocation::Persistant(VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER);
-            self.emit_variable_assignment("returnValue", &loc, format!("-{neg_num}"))?;
+            self.emit_variable_assignment(
                Cow::from("returnValue"),
                &loc,
                Cow::from(format!("-{neg_num}")),
            )?;
            return Ok(loc);
        };
@@ -1565,17 +1628,17 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
            Expression::Literal(spanned_lit) => match spanned_lit.node {
                Literal::Number(num) => {
                    self.emit_variable_assignment(
-                        "returnValue",
+                        Cow::from("returnValue"),
                        &VariableLocation::Persistant(VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER),
-                        num,
+                        Cow::from(num.to_string()),
                    )?;
                }
                Literal::Boolean(b) => {
                    let val = if b { "1" } else { "0" };
                    self.emit_variable_assignment(
-                        "returnValue",
+                        Cow::from("returnValue"),
                        &VariableLocation::Persistant(VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER),
-                        val,
+                        Cow::from(val.to_string()),
                    )?;
                }
                _ => {}
@@ -1634,12 +1697,12 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    // syscalls that return values will be stored in the VariableScope::RETURN_REGISTER
    // register
-    fn expression_syscall_system<'v>(
+    fn expression_syscall_system(
        &mut self,
-        expr: System,
+        expr: System<'a>,
        span: Span,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        macro_rules! cleanup {
            ($($to_clean:expr),*) => {
                $(
@@ -1710,7 +1773,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    .devices
                    .get(&device_name)
                    .cloned()
-                    .unwrap_or("d0".to_string());
+                    .unwrap_or(Cow::from("d0"));
                let Spanned {
                    node: Literal::String(logic_type),
@@ -1802,7 +1865,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
                    .devices
                    .get(&device_name)
                    .cloned()
-                    .unwrap_or("d0".to_string());
+                    .unwrap_or(Cow::from("d0"));
                let Spanned {
                    node: Literal::String(logic_type),
@@ -1892,11 +1955,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        }
    }
-    fn expression_syscall_math<'v>(
+    fn expression_syscall_math(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Math,
+        expr: Math<'a>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Option<CompilationResult<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        macro_rules! cleanup {
            ($($to_clean:expr),*) => {
                $(
@@ -2088,11 +2151,11 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
    /// Compile a function declaration.
    /// Calees are responsible for backing up any registers they wish to use.
-    fn expression_function<'v>(
+    fn expression_function(
        &mut self,
-        expr: Spanned<FunctionExpression>,
+        expr: Spanned<FunctionExpression<'a>>,
-        scope: &mut VariableScope<'v>,
+        scope: &mut VariableScope<'a, '_>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        let FunctionExpression {
            name,
            arguments,
@@ -2174,7 +2237,7 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        self.write_output("push ra")?;
        block_scope.add_variable(
-            format!("{}_ra", name.node),
+            Cow::from(format!("{}_ra", name.node)),
            LocationRequest::Stack,
            Some(name.span),
        )?;
@@ -2201,7 +2264,8 @@ impl<'a, W: std::io::Write> Compiler<'a, W> {
        }
        // Get the saved return address and save it back into `ra`
-        let ra_res = block_scope.get_location_of(format!("{}_ra", name.node), Some(name.span));
+        let ra_res =
            block_scope.get_location_of(&Cow::from(format!("{}_ra", name.node)), Some(name.span));
        let ra_stack_offset = match ra_res {
            Ok(VariableLocation::Stack(offset)) => offset,
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/variable_manager.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/variable_manager.rs
@@ -5,28 +5,28 @@
 use lsp_types::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticSeverity};
 use parser::tree_node::{Literal, Span};
-use quick_error::quick_error;
+use std::{
-use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
+    borrow::Cow,
    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
 };
 use thiserror::Error;
 const TEMP: [u8; 7] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
 const PERSIST: [u8; 7] = [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14];
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum Error<'a> {
-    pub enum Error {
+    #[error("{0} already exists.")]
-        DuplicateVariable(var: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    DuplicateVariable(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
-            display("{var} already exists.")
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0} does not exist.")]
-        UnknownVariable(var: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    UnknownVariable(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
-            display("{var} does not exist.")
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0}")]
-        Unknown(reason: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    Unknown(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
            display("{reason}")
        }
    }
 }
-impl From<Error> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
+impl<'a> From<Error<'a>> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
    fn from(value: Error) -> Self {
        match value {
            Error::DuplicateVariable(_, span)
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ pub enum LocationRequest {
 }
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub enum VariableLocation {
+pub enum VariableLocation<'a> {
    /// Represents a temporary register (r1 - r7)
    Temporary(u8),
    /// Represents a persistant register (r8 - r14)
@@ -61,20 +61,22 @@ pub enum VariableLocation {
    /// Represents a a stack offset (current stack - offset = variable loc)
    Stack(u16),
    /// Represents a constant value and should be directly substituted as such.
-    Constant(Literal),
+    Constant(Literal<'a>),
    /// Represents a device pin. This will contain the exact `d0-d5` string
-    Device(String),
+    Device(Cow<'a, str>),
 }
-pub struct VariableScope<'a> {
+// FIX: Added 'b lifetime for the parent reference
 pub struct VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
    temporary_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
    persistant_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
-    var_lookup_table: HashMap<String, VariableLocation>,
+    var_lookup_table: HashMap<Cow<'a, str>, VariableLocation<'a>>,
    stack_offset: u16,
-    parent: Option<&'a VariableScope<'a>>,
+    parent: Option<&'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>>,
 }
-impl<'a> Default for VariableScope<'a> {
+// FIX: Updated Default impl to include 'b
 impl<'a, 'b> Default for VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            parent: None,
@@ -86,7 +88,8 @@ impl<'a> Default for VariableScope<'a> {
    }
 }
-impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
+// FIX: Updated impl block to include 'b
 impl<'a, 'b> VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub const TEMP_REGISTER_COUNT: u8 = 7;
    pub const PERSIST_REGISTER_COUNT: u8 = 7;
@@ -109,7 +112,8 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
            })
    }
-    pub fn scoped(parent: &'a VariableScope<'a>) -> Self {
+    // FIX: parent is now &'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>
    pub fn scoped(parent: &'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>) -> Self {
        Self {
            parent: Option::Some(parent),
            temporary_vars: parent.temporary_vars.clone(),
@@ -126,12 +130,11 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
    /// to the stack.
    pub fn add_variable(
        &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
        location: LocationRequest,
        span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
+        if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(&var_name) {
        if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(var_name.as_str()) {
            return Err(Error::DuplicateVariable(var_name, span));
        }
        let var_location = match location {
@@ -166,11 +169,10 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
    pub fn define_const(
        &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
-        value: Literal,
+        value: Literal<'a>,
        span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let var_name = var_name.into();
        if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(&var_name) {
            return Err(Error::DuplicateVariable(var_name, span));
        }
@@ -183,13 +185,11 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
    pub fn get_location_of(
        &self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: &Cow<'a, str>,
        span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let var_name = var_name.into();
        // 1. Check this scope
-        if let Some(var) = self.var_lookup_table.get(var_name.as_str()) {
+        if let Some(var) = self.var_lookup_table.get(var_name) {
            if let VariableLocation::Stack(inserted_at_offset) = var {
                // Return offset relative to CURRENT sp
                return Ok(VariableLocation::Stack(
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
            return Ok(loc);
        }
-        Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name, span))
+        Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name.clone(), span))
    }
    pub fn has_parent(&self) -> bool {
@@ -220,11 +220,10 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn free_temp(
        &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
        span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
+        let Some(location) = self.var_lookup_table.remove(&var_name) else {
        let Some(location) = self.var_lookup_table.remove(var_name.as_str()) else {
            return Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name, span));
        };
@@ -234,7 +233,7 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
            }
            VariableLocation::Persistant(_) => {
                return Err(Error::UnknownVariable(
-                    String::from("Attempted to free a `let` variable."),
+                    Cow::from("Attempted to free a `let` variable."),
                    span,
                ));
            }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/test_files/script.slang
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/compiler/test_files/script.slang
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
 // Pressure numbers are in KPa
 device self = "db";
 device emergencyRelief = "d0";
 device greenhouseSensor = "d1";
 device recycleValve = "d2";
 const MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 80;
 const MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP = 28c;
 const MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 75;
 const MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP = 25c;
 const daylightSensor = 1076425094;
 const growLight = hash("StructureGrowLight");
 const wallLight = hash("StructureLightLong");
 const lightRound = hash("StructureLightRound");
 let shouldPurge = false;
 loop {
  let interiorPress = greenhouseSensor.Pressure;
  let interiorTemp = greenhouseSensor.Temperature;
  shouldPurge = (
    interiorPress > MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE ||
    interiorTemp > MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP
    ) || shouldPurge;
  emergencyRelief.On = shouldPurge;
  recycleValve.On = !shouldPurge;
  if (shouldPurge && (interiorPress < MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE && interiorTemp < MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP)) {
    shouldPurge = false;
  }
  let solarAngle = lb(daylightSensor, "SolarAngle", "Average");
  let isDaylight = solarAngle < 90;
  sb(growLight, "On", isDaylight);
  sb(wallLight, "On", !isDaylight);
  sb(lightRound, "On", !isDaylight);
 }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/macros.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/macros.rs
@@ -3,15 +3,10 @@ macro_rules! documented {
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Internal Helper: Filter doc comments
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Case 1: Doc comment. Return Some("string").
    // We match the specific structure of a doc attribute.
    (@doc_filter #[doc = $doc:expr]) => {
        Some($doc)
    };
    // Case 2: Other attributes (derives, etc.). Return None.
    // We catch any other token sequence inside the brackets.
    (@doc_filter #[$($attr:tt)*]) => {
        None
    };
@@ -30,23 +25,59 @@ macro_rules! documented {
    };
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Main Macro Entry Point
+    // Entry Point 1: Enum with a single Lifetime (e.g. enum Foo<'a>)
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (
        $(#[$enum_attr:meta])* $vis:vis enum $name:ident < $lt:lifetime > {
            $($body:tt)*
        }
    ) => {
        documented!(@generate
            meta: [$(#[$enum_attr])*],
            vis: [$vis],
            name: [$name],
            generics: [<$lt>],
            body: [$($body)*]
        );
    };
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Entry Point 2: Regular Enum (No Generics)
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (
        $(#[$enum_attr:meta])* $vis:vis enum $name:ident {
            $($body:tt)*
        }
    ) => {
        documented!(@generate
            meta: [$(#[$enum_attr])*],
            vis: [$vis],
            name: [$name],
            generics: [],
            body: [$($body)*]
        );
    };
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Code Generator (Shared Logic)
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (@generate
        meta: [$(#[$enum_attr:meta])*],
        vis: [$vis:vis],
        name: [$name:ident],
        generics: [$($generics:tt)*],
        body: [
            $(
                // Capture attributes as a sequence of token trees inside brackets
                // to avoid "local ambiguity" and handle multi-token attributes (like doc="...").
                $(#[ $($variant_attr:tt)* ])*
                $variant:ident
                $( ($($tuple:tt)*) )?
                $( {$($structure:tt)*} )?
            ),* $(,)?
-        }
+        ]
    ) => {
-        // 1. Generate the actual Enum definition
+        // 1. Generate the Enum Definition
        $(#[$enum_attr])*
-        $vis enum $name {
+        $vis enum $name $($generics)* {
            $(
                $(#[ $($variant_attr)* ])*
                $variant
@@ -55,20 +86,19 @@ macro_rules! documented {
            )*
        }
-        // 2. Implement the Documentation Trait
+        // 2. Implement Documentation Trait
-        impl Documentation for $name {
+        // We apply the captured generics (e.g., <'a>) to both the impl and the type
        impl $($generics)* Documentation for $name $($generics)* {
            fn docs(&self) -> String {
                match self {
                    $(
                        documented!(@arm $name $variant $( ($($tuple)*) )? $( {$($structure)*} )? ) => {
                            // Create a temporary array of Option<&str> for all attributes
                            let doc_lines: &[Option<&str>] = &[
                                $(
                                    documented!(@doc_filter #[ $($variant_attr)* ])
                                ),*
                            ];
                            // Filter out the Nones (non-doc attributes), join, and return
                            doc_lines.iter()
                                .filter_map(|&d| d)
                                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
@@ -80,7 +110,6 @@ macro_rules! documented {
                }
            }
            // 3. Implement Static Documentation Provider
            #[allow(dead_code)]
            fn get_all_documentation() -> Vec<(&'static str, String)> {
                vec![
@@ -88,7 +117,6 @@ macro_rules! documented {
                        (
                            stringify!($variant),
                            {
                                // Re-use the same extraction logic
                                let doc_lines: &[Option<&str>] = &[
                                    $(
                                        documented!(@doc_filter #[ $($variant_attr)* ])
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/parser/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/parser/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 [dependencies]
 quick-error = { workspace = true }
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 [dev-dependencies]
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/lib.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 pub mod sys_call;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test;
 pub mod sys_call;
 pub mod tree_node;
 use crate::sys_call::{Math, System};
-use quick_error::quick_error;
+use std::{borrow::Cow, io::SeekFrom};
 use std::io::SeekFrom;
 use sys_call::SysCall;
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tokenizer::{
    self, Tokenizer, TokenizerBuffer,
    token::{Keyword, Symbol, Token, TokenType},
@@ -26,38 +25,33 @@ macro_rules! boxed {
    };
 }
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum Error<'a> {
-    pub enum Error {
+    #[error(transparent)]
-        TokenizerError(err: tokenizer::Error) {
+    Tokenizer(#[from] tokenizer::Error),
-            from()
+
-            display("Tokenizer Error: {}", err)
+    #[error("Unexpected token: {1}")]
-            source(err)
+    UnexpectedToken(Span, Token<'a>),
-        }
+
-        UnexpectedToken(span: Span, token: Token) {
+    #[error("Duplicate identifier: {1}")]
-            display("Unexpected token: {}", token.token_type)
+    DuplicateIdentifier(Span, Token<'a>),
-        }
+
-        DuplicateIdentifier(span: Span, token: Token) {
+    #[error("Invalid Syntax: {1}")]
-            display("Duplicate identifier: {}", token.token_type)
+    InvalidSyntax(Span, String),
-        }
+
-        InvalidSyntax(span: Span, reason: String) {
+    #[error("Unsupported Keyword: {1}")]
-            display("Invalid syntax: {}", reason)
+    UnsupportedKeyword(Span, Token<'a>),
-        }
+
-        UnsupportedKeyword(span: Span, token: Token) {
+    #[error("Unexpected End of File")]
-            display("Unsupported keyword: {}", token.token_type)
+    UnexpectedEOF,
        }
        UnexpectedEOF {
            display("Unexpected EOF")
        }
    }
 }
-impl From<Error> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
+impl<'a> From<Error<'a>> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
    fn from(value: Error) -> Self {
        use Error::*;
        use lsp_types::*;
        match value {
-            TokenizerError(e) => e.into(),
+            Tokenizer(e) => e.into(),
            UnexpectedToken(span, _)
            | DuplicateIdentifier(span, _)
            | InvalidSyntax(span, _)
@@ -111,8 +105,8 @@ macro_rules! self_matches_current {
 pub struct Parser<'a> {
    tokenizer: TokenizerBuffer<'a>,
-    current_token: Option<Token>,
+    current_token: Option<Token<'a>>,
-    pub errors: Vec<Error>,
+    pub errors: Vec<Error<'a>>,
 }
 impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
@@ -125,13 +119,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
    }
    /// Calculates a Span from a given Token reference.
-    fn token_to_span(t: &Token) -> Span {
+    fn token_to_span(t: &Token<'a>) -> Span {
        let len = t.original_string.as_ref().map(|s| s.len()).unwrap_or(0);
        Span {
            start_line: t.line,
-            start_col: t.column,
+            start_col: t.span.start,
            end_line: t.line,
-            end_col: t.column + len,
+            end_col: t.span.end,
        }
    }
@@ -148,9 +141,9 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
    }
    /// Helper to run a parsing closure and wrap the result in a Spanned struct
-    fn spanned<F, T>(&mut self, parser: F) -> Result<Spanned<T>, Error>
+    fn spanned<F, T>(&mut self, parser: F) -> Result<Spanned<T>, Error<'a>>
    where
-        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, Error>,
+        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<T, Error<'a>>,
    {
        let start_token = if self.current_token.is_some() {
            self.current_token.clone()
@@ -160,18 +153,16 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let (start_line, start_col) = start_token
            .as_ref()
-            .map(|t| (t.line, t.column))
+            .map(|t| (t.line, t.span.start))
-            .unwrap_or((1, 1));
+            .unwrap_or((0, 0));
        let node = parser(self)?;
-        let end_token = self.current_token.as_ref();
+        let end_token = &self.current_token;
        let (end_line, end_col) = end_token
-            .map(|t| {
+            .clone()
-                let len = t.original_string.as_ref().map(|s| s.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+            .map(|t| (t.line, t.span.end))
                (t.line, t.column + len)
            })
            .unwrap_or((start_line, start_col));
        Ok(Spanned {
@@ -185,7 +176,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn synchronize(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn synchronize(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        self.assign_next()?;
        while let Some(token) = &self.current_token {
@@ -211,20 +202,20 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(())
    }
-    pub fn parse_all(&mut self) -> Result<Option<tree_node::Expression>, Error> {
+    pub fn parse_all(&mut self) -> Result<Option<tree_node::Expression<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        let first_token = self.tokenizer.peek().unwrap_or(None);
        let (start_line, start_col) = first_token
            .as_ref()
-            .map(|tok| (tok.line, tok.column))
+            .map(|tok| (tok.line, tok.span.start))
-            .unwrap_or((1, 1));
+            .unwrap_or((0, 0));
-        let mut expressions = Vec::<Spanned<Expression>>::new();
+        let mut expressions = Vec::<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>::new();
        loop {
            match self.tokenizer.peek() {
                Ok(None) => break,
                Err(e) => {
-                    self.errors.push(Error::TokenizerError(e));
+                    self.errors.push(Error::Tokenizer(e));
                    break;
                }
                _ => {}
@@ -246,10 +237,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let end_token_opt = self.tokenizer.peek().unwrap_or(None);
        let (end_line, end_col) = end_token_opt
-            .map(|tok| {
+            .map(|tok| (tok.line, tok.span.end))
                let len = tok.original_string.as_ref().map(|s| s.len()).unwrap_or(0);
                (tok.line, tok.column + len)
            })
            .unwrap_or((start_line, start_col));
        let span = Span {
@@ -265,7 +253,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })))
    }
-    pub fn parse(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression>>, Error> {
+    pub fn parse(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression<'a>>>, Error<'a>> {
        self.assign_next()?;
        if self.current_token.is_none() {
@@ -281,17 +269,17 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(expr)
    }
-    fn assign_next(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    fn assign_next(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
        self.current_token = self.tokenizer.next_token()?;
        Ok(())
    }
-    fn get_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<&Token>, Error> {
+    fn get_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Token<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        self.assign_next()?;
-        Ok(self.current_token.as_ref())
+        Ok(self.current_token.clone())
    }
-    fn expression(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression>>, Error> {
+    fn expression(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression<'a>>>, Error<'a>> {
        // Parse the Left Hand Side (unary/primary expression)
        let lhs = self.unary()?;
@@ -322,14 +310,14 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
    /// Handles dot notation chains: x.y.z()
    fn parse_postfix(
        &mut self,
-        mut lhs: Spanned<Expression>,
+        mut lhs: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
-    ) -> Result<Spanned<Expression>, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<Spanned<Expression<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        loop {
            if self_matches_peek!(self, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Dot)) {
                self.assign_next()?; // consume Dot
                let identifier_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-                let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(identifier_token);
+                let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(&identifier_token);
                let identifier = match identifier_token.token_type {
                    TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
                    _ => {
@@ -344,7 +332,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                if self_matches_peek!(self, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
                    // Method Call
                    self.assign_next()?; // consume '('
-                    let mut arguments = Vec::<Spanned<Expression>>::new();
+                    let mut arguments = Vec::<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>::new();
                    while !token_matches!(
                        self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?,
@@ -366,8 +354,8 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                        {
                            let next_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                                Self::token_to_span(next_token),
+                                Self::token_to_span(&next_token),
-                                next_token.clone(),
+                                next_token,
                            ));
                        }
@@ -429,7 +417,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(lhs)
    }
-    fn unary(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression>>, Error> {
+    fn unary(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Spanned<tree_node::Expression<'a>>>, Error<'a>> {
        macro_rules! matches_keyword {
            ($keyword:expr, $($pattern:pat),+) => {
                matches!($keyword, $($pattern)|+)
@@ -507,10 +495,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                let span = self.current_span();
                let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)) {
-                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                        Self::token_to_span(next),
                        next.clone(),
                    ));
                }
                Some(Spanned {
                    span,
@@ -522,10 +507,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                let span = self.current_span();
                let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)) {
-                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                        Self::token_to_span(next),
                        next.clone(),
                    ));
                }
                Some(Spanned {
                    span,
@@ -586,17 +568,6 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                let start_span = self.current_span();
                self.assign_next()?;
                let inner_expr = self.unary()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                // NOTE: Unary negation can also have postfix applied to the inner expression
                // But generally -a.b parses as -(a.b), which is what parse_postfix ensures if called here.
                // However, we call parse_postfix on the RESULT of unary in expression(), so
                // `expression` sees `Negation`. `parse_postfix` doesn't apply to Negation node unless we allow it?
                // Actually, `x.y` binds tighter than `-`. `postfix` logic belongs inside `unary` logic or
                // `expression` logic.
                // If I have `-x.y`, standard precedence says `-(x.y)`.
                // `unary` returns `Negation(x)`. Then `expression` calls `postfix` on `Negation(x)`.
                // `postfix` loop runs on `Negation`. This implies `(-x).y`. This is usually WRONG.
                // `.` binds tighter than `-`.
                // So `unary` must call `postfix` on the *operand* of the negation.
                let inner_with_postfix = self.parse_postfix(inner_expr)?;
@@ -643,7 +614,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(expr)
    }
-    fn get_infix_child_node(&mut self) -> Result<Spanned<tree_node::Expression>, Error> {
+    fn get_infix_child_node(&mut self) -> Result<Spanned<tree_node::Expression<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        let start_span = self.current_span();
@@ -727,7 +698,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        self.parse_postfix(expr)
    }
-    fn device(&mut self) -> Result<DeviceDeclarationExpression, Error> {
+    fn device(&mut self) -> Result<DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !self_matches_current!(self, TokenType::Keyword(Keyword::Device)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
@@ -737,12 +708,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        }
        let identifier_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-        let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(identifier_token);
+        let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(&identifier_token);
        let identifier = match identifier_token.token_type {
            TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
            _ => {
                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                    Self::token_to_span(identifier_token),
+                    Self::token_to_span(&identifier_token),
                    identifier_token.clone(),
                ));
            }
@@ -751,7 +722,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Assign)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
                current_token.clone(),
            ));
        }
@@ -761,7 +732,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            TokenType::String(ref id) => id.clone(),
            _ => {
                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                    Self::token_to_span(device_token),
+                    Self::token_to_span(&device_token),
                    device_token.clone(),
                ));
            }
@@ -776,7 +747,10 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn infix(&mut self, previous: Spanned<Expression>) -> Result<Spanned<Expression>, Error> {
+    fn infix(
        &mut self,
        previous: Spanned<Expression<'a>>,
    ) -> Result<Spanned<Expression<'a>>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?.clone();
        match previous.node {
@@ -1084,7 +1058,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        expressions.pop().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)
    }
-    fn priority(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Box<Spanned<Expression>>>, Error> {
+    fn priority(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
@@ -1099,15 +1073,15 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
-                current_token.clone(),
+                current_token,
            ));
        }
        Ok(Some(boxed!(expression)))
    }
-    fn invocation(&mut self) -> Result<InvocationExpression, Error> {
+    fn invocation(&mut self) -> Result<InvocationExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let identifier_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(identifier_token);
        let identifier = match identifier_token.token_type {
@@ -1123,8 +1097,8 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
-                current_token.clone(),
+                current_token,
            ));
        }
@@ -1150,8 +1124,8 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            {
                let next_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                    Self::token_to_span(next_token),
+                    Self::token_to_span(&next_token),
-                    next_token.clone(),
+                    next_token,
                ));
            }
@@ -1169,7 +1143,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn block(&mut self) -> Result<BlockExpression, Error> {
+    fn block(&mut self) -> Result<BlockExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let mut expressions = Vec::<Spanned<Expression>>::new();
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1192,7 +1166,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        if token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Keyword(Keyword::Return)) {
            // Need to capture return span
-            let ret_start_span = Self::token_to_span(current_token);
+            let ret_start_span = Self::token_to_span(&current_token);
            self.assign_next()?;
            let expression = self.expression()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1211,25 +1185,19 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
            if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)) {
-                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                    Self::token_to_span(next),
                    next.clone(),
                ));
            }
            let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
            if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RBrace)) {
-                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                    Self::token_to_span(next),
                    next.clone(),
                ));
            }
        }
        Ok(BlockExpression(expressions))
    }
-    fn const_declaration(&mut self) -> Result<ConstDeclarationExpression, Error> {
+    fn const_declaration(&mut self) -> Result<ConstDeclarationExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        // const
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !self_matches_current!(self, TokenType::Keyword(Keyword::Const)) {
@@ -1241,7 +1209,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        // variable_name
        let ident_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-        let ident_span = Self::token_to_span(ident_token);
+        let ident_span = Self::token_to_span(&ident_token);
        let ident = match ident_token.token_type {
            TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
            _ => return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(ident_span, ident_token.clone())),
@@ -1299,7 +1267,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        }
    }
-    fn declaration(&mut self) -> Result<Expression, Error> {
+    fn declaration(&mut self) -> Result<Expression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.current_token.as_ref().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !self_matches_current!(self, TokenType::Keyword(Keyword::Let)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
@@ -1308,13 +1276,13 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            ));
        }
        let identifier_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-        let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(identifier_token);
+        let identifier_span = Self::token_to_span(&identifier_token);
        let identifier = match identifier_token.token_type {
            TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
            _ => {
                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                    Self::token_to_span(identifier_token),
+                    Self::token_to_span(&identifier_token),
-                    identifier_token.clone(),
+                    identifier_token,
                ));
            }
        };
@@ -1334,8 +1302,8 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::Semicolon)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
-                current_token.clone(),
+                current_token,
            ));
        }
@@ -1348,7 +1316,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        ))
    }
-    fn literal(&mut self) -> Result<Literal, Error> {
+    fn literal(&mut self) -> Result<Literal<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let current_token = self.current_token.clone().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        let literal = match current_token.token_type {
            TokenType::Number(num) => Literal::Number(num),
@@ -1358,11 +1326,11 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Some(Token {
                    token_type: TokenType::Number(num),
                    ..
-                }) => Literal::Number(-*num),
+                }) => Literal::Number(-num),
                Some(wrong_token) => {
                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                        Self::token_to_span(wrong_token),
+                        Self::token_to_span(&wrong_token),
-                        wrong_token.clone(),
+                        wrong_token,
                    ));
                }
                None => return Err(Error::UnexpectedEOF),
@@ -1378,14 +1346,11 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(literal)
    }
-    fn if_expression(&mut self) -> Result<IfExpression, Error> {
+    fn if_expression(&mut self) -> Result<IfExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        // 'if' is current
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        self.assign_next()?;
@@ -1393,18 +1358,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LBrace)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        let body = self.spanned(|p| p.block())?;
@@ -1429,10 +1388,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                }))
            } else {
                let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                    Self::token_to_span(next),
                    next.clone(),
                ));
            }
        } else {
            None
@@ -1445,13 +1401,10 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn loop_expression(&mut self) -> Result<LoopExpression, Error> {
+    fn loop_expression(&mut self) -> Result<LoopExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LBrace)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        let body = self.spanned(|p| p.block())?;
@@ -1459,13 +1412,10 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        Ok(LoopExpression { body })
    }
-    fn while_expression(&mut self) -> Result<WhileExpression, Error> {
+    fn while_expression(&mut self) -> Result<WhileExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        self.assign_next()?;
@@ -1473,18 +1423,12 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(next, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LBrace)) {
-            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                Self::token_to_span(next),
                next.clone(),
            ));
        }
        let body = self.block()?;
@@ -1495,29 +1439,26 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn function(&mut self) -> Result<FunctionExpression, Error> {
+    fn function(&mut self) -> Result<FunctionExpression<'a>, Error<'a>> {
        // 'fn' is current
        let fn_ident_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-        let fn_ident_span = Self::token_to_span(fn_ident_token);
+        let fn_ident_span = Self::token_to_span(&fn_ident_token);
        let fn_ident = match fn_ident_token.token_type {
            TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
            _ => {
-                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(fn_ident_span, fn_ident_token));
                    Self::token_to_span(fn_ident_token),
                    fn_ident_token.clone(),
                ));
            }
        };
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LParen)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
-                current_token.clone(),
+                current_token,
            ));
        }
-        let mut arguments = Vec::<Spanned<String>>::new();
+        let mut arguments = Vec::<Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>>::new();
        while !token_matches!(
            self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?,
@@ -1528,10 +1469,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            let argument = match current_token.token_type {
                TokenType::Identifier(ref id) => id.clone(),
                _ => {
-                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                    return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(arg_span, current_token.clone()));
                        Self::token_to_span(current_token),
                        current_token.clone(),
                    ));
                }
            };
@@ -1553,10 +1491,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                && !self_matches_peek!(self, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen))
            {
                let next = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
-                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
+                return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(Self::token_to_span(&next), next));
                    Self::token_to_span(next),
                    next.clone(),
                ));
            }
            if !self_matches_peek!(self, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::RParen)) {
@@ -1567,8 +1502,8 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let current_token = self.get_next()?.ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
        if !token_matches!(current_token, TokenType::Symbol(Symbol::LBrace)) {
            return Err(Error::UnexpectedToken(
-                Self::token_to_span(current_token),
+                Self::token_to_span(&current_token),
-                current_token.clone(),
+                current_token,
            ));
        };
@@ -1582,15 +1517,15 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        })
    }
-    fn syscall(&mut self) -> Result<SysCall, Error> {
+    fn syscall(&mut self) -> Result<SysCall<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        fn check_length(
+        fn check_length<'a>(
-            parser: &Parser,
+            span: Span,
-            arguments: &[Spanned<Expression>],
+            arguments: &[Spanned<Expression<'a>>],
            length: usize,
-        ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
            if arguments.len() != length {
                return Err(Error::InvalidSyntax(
-                    parser.current_span(),
+                    span,
                    format!("Expected {} arguments", length),
                ));
            }
@@ -1648,20 +1583,20 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
        let invocation = self.invocation()?;
-        match invocation.name.node.as_str() {
+        match invocation.name.node.as_ref() {
            // System SysCalls
            "yield" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
                Ok(SysCall::System(sys_call::System::Yield))
            }
            "sleep" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut arg = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let expr = arg.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::System(System::Sleep(boxed!(expr))))
            }
            "hash" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let lit_str = literal_or_variable!(args.next());
@@ -1682,7 +1617,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                })))
            }
            "load" | "l" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
@@ -1727,7 +1662,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                )))
            }
            "loadBatched" | "lb" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
                let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1745,7 +1680,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                )))
            }
            "loadBatchedNamed" | "lbn" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
                let dev_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1764,7 +1699,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                )))
            }
            "set" | "s" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
                let device = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1776,14 +1711,16 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Ok(SysCall::System(sys_call::System::SetOnDevice(
                    device,
                    Spanned {
-                        node: Literal::String(logic_type.node.to_string().replace("\"", "")),
+                        node: Literal::String(Cow::from(
                            logic_type.node.to_string().replace("\"", ""),
                        )),
                        span: logic_type.span,
                    },
                    boxed!(variable),
                )))
            }
            "setBatched" | "sb" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 3)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
                let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1795,14 +1732,14 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Ok(SysCall::System(sys_call::System::SetOnDeviceBatched(
                    device_hash,
                    Spanned {
-                        node: Literal::String(logic_type.to_string().replace("\"", "")),
+                        node: Literal::String(Cow::from(logic_type.to_string().replace("\"", ""))),
                        span: logic_type.span,
                    },
                    boxed!(variable),
                )))
            }
            "setBatchedNamed" | "sbn" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 4)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next();
                let device_hash = literal_or_variable!(tmp);
@@ -1825,28 +1762,28 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
            }
            // Math SysCalls
            "acos" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Acos(boxed!(tmp))))
            }
            "asin" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let tmp = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Asin(boxed!(tmp))))
            }
            "atan" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let expr = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Atan(boxed!(expr))))
            }
            "atan2" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1854,42 +1791,42 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Atan2(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
            }
            "abs" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let expr = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Abs(boxed!(expr))))
            }
            "ceil" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Ceil(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "cos" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Cos(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "floor" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Floor(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "log" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Log(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "max" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1897,7 +1834,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Max(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
            }
            "min" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 2)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg1 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                let arg2 = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
@@ -1905,32 +1842,32 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Min(boxed!(arg1), boxed!(arg2))))
            }
            "rand" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 0)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Rand))
            }
            "sin" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Sin(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "sqrt" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Sqrt(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "tan" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
                Ok(SysCall::Math(Math::Tan(boxed!(arg))))
            }
            "trunc" => {
-                check_length(self, &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
+                check_length(self.current_span(), &invocation.arguments, 1)?;
                let mut args = invocation.arguments.into_iter();
                let arg = args.next().ok_or(Error::UnexpectedEOF)?;
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/sys_call.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/sys_call.rs
@@ -4,73 +4,73 @@ use helpers::prelude::*;
 documented! {
    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-    pub enum Math {
+    pub enum Math<'a> {
        /// Returns the angle in radians whose cosine is the specified number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `acos r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = acos(number|var|expression);`
-        Acos(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Acos(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Returns the angle in radians whose sine is the specified number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `asin r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = asin(number|var|expression);`
-        Asin(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Asin(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Returns the angle in radians whose tangent is the specified number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `atan r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = atan(number|var|expression);`
-        Atan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Atan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Returns the angle in radians whose tangent is the quotient of the specified numbers.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `atan2 r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = atan2((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Atan2(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Atan2(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Gets the absolute value of a number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `abs r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = abs((number|var|expression));`
-        Abs(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Abs(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Rounds a number up to the nearest whole number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `ceil r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = ceil((number|var|expression));`
-        Ceil(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Ceil(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Returns the cosine of the specified angle in radians.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `cos r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = cos((number|var|expression));`
-        Cos(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Cos(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Rounds a number down to the nearest whole number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `floor r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = floor((number|var|expression));`
-        Floor(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Floor(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Computes the natural logarithm of a number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `log r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = log((number|var|expression));`
-        Log(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Log(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Computes the maximum of two numbers.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `max r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = max((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Max(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Max(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Computes the minimum of two numbers.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `min r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = min((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Min(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Min(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Gets a random number between 0 and 1.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `rand r?`
@@ -82,29 +82,29 @@ documented! {
        /// `sin r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = sin((number|var|expression));`
-        Sin(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sin(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Computes the square root of a number.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `sqrt r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = sqrt((number|var|expression));`
-        Sqrt(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sqrt(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Returns the tangent of the specified angle in radians.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `tan r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = tan((number|var|expression));`
-        Tan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Tan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Truncates a number by removing the decimal portion.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `trunc r? a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `let item = trunc((number|var|expression));`
-        Trunc(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Trunc(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for Math {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Math<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Math::Acos(a) => write!(f, "acos({})", a),
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Math {
 documented! {
    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-    pub enum System {
+    pub enum System<'a> {
        /// Pauses execution for exactly 1 tick and then resumes.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `yield`
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ documented! {
        /// `sleep a(r?|num)`
        /// ## Slang
        /// `sleep(number|var);`
-        Sleep(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sleep(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Gets the in-game hash for a specific prefab name. NOTE! This call is COMPLETELY
        /// optimized away unless you bind it to a `let` variable. If you use a `const` variable
        /// however, the hash is correctly computed at compile time and substitued automatically.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ documented! {
        /// const compDoor = hash("StructureCompositeDoor");
        /// setOnDeviceBatched(compDoor, "Lock", true);
        /// ```
-        Hash(Spanned<Literal>),
+        Hash(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
        /// Represents a function which loads a device variable into a register.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `l r? d? var`
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ documented! {
        /// `let item = load(deviceHash, "LogicType");`
        /// `let item = l(deviceHash, "LogicType");`
        /// `let item = deviceAlias.LogicType;`
-        LoadFromDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>),
+        LoadFromDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
        /// Function which gets a LogicType from all connected network devices that match
        /// the provided device hash and name, aggregating them via a batchMode
        /// ## IC10
@@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ documented! {
        /// `loadBatchedNamed(deviceHash, deviceName, "LogicType", "BatchMode");`
        /// `lbn(deviceHash, deviceName, "LogicType", "BatchMode");`
        LoadBatchNamed(
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
        ),
        /// Loads a LogicType from all connected network devices, aggregating them via a
        /// BatchMode
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ documented! {
        /// ## Slang
        /// `loadBatched(deviceHash, "Variable", "LogicType");`
        /// `lb(deviceHash, "Variable", "LogicType");`
-        LoadBatch(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Spanned<Literal>),
+        LoadBatch(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
        /// Represents a function which stores a setting into a specific device.
        /// ## IC10
        /// `s d? logicType r?`
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ documented! {
        /// `set(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
        /// `s(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
        /// `deviceAlias.LogicType = (number|var);`
-        SetOnDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        SetOnDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Represents a function which stores a setting to all devices that match
        /// the given deviceHash
        /// ## IC10
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ documented! {
        /// ## Slang
        /// `setBatched(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
        /// `sb(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
-        SetOnDeviceBatched(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        SetOnDeviceBatched(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
        /// Represents a function which stores a setting to all devices that match
        /// both the given deviceHash AND the given nameHash
        /// ## IC10
@@ -209,15 +209,15 @@ documented! {
        /// `setBatchedNamed(deviceHash, nameHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
        /// `sbn(deviceHash, nameHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
        SetOnDeviceBatchedNamed(
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
-            Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
        ),
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for System {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for System<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            System::Yield => write!(f, "yield()"),
@@ -242,13 +242,13 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for System {
 #[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 /// This represents built in functions that cannot be overwritten, but can be invoked by the user as functions.
-pub enum SysCall {
+pub enum SysCall<'a> {
-    System(System),
+    System(System<'a>),
    /// Represents any mathmatical function that can be called.
-    Math(Math),
+    Math(Math<'a>),
 }
-impl Documentation for SysCall {
+impl<'a> Documentation for SysCall<'a> {
    fn docs(&self) -> String {
        match self {
            Self::System(s) => s.docs(),
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ impl Documentation for SysCall {
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for SysCall {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for SysCall<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            SysCall::System(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for SysCall {
    }
 }
-impl SysCall {
+impl<'a> SysCall<'a> {
    pub fn is_syscall(identifier: &str) -> bool {
        tokenizer::token::is_syscall(identifier)
    }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/tree_node.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/tree_node.rs
@@ -1,24 +1,22 @@
 use std::ops::Deref;
 use crate::sys_call;
 use super::sys_call::SysCall;
 use crate::sys_call;
 use std::{borrow::Cow, ops::Deref};
 use tokenizer::token::Number;
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub enum Literal {
+pub enum Literal<'a> {
    Number(Number),
-    String(String),
+    String(Cow<'a, str>),
    Boolean(bool),
 }
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub enum LiteralOr<T> {
+pub enum LiteralOr<'a, T> {
-    Literal(Spanned<Literal>),
+    Literal(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
    Or(Spanned<T>),
 }
-impl<T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<T> {
+impl<'a, T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<'a, T> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::Literal(l) => write!(f, "{l}"),
@@ -27,7 +25,7 @@ impl<T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<T> {
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for Literal {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Literal<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Literal::Number(n) => write!(f, "{}", n),
@@ -38,16 +36,16 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Literal {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum BinaryExpression {
+pub enum BinaryExpression<'a> {
-    Add(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Add(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Multiply(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Multiply(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Divide(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Divide(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Subtract(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Subtract(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Exponent(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Exponent(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Modulo(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Modulo(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            BinaryExpression::Add(l, r) => write!(f, "({} + {})", l, r),
@@ -61,19 +59,19 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum LogicalExpression {
+pub enum LogicalExpression<'a> {
-    And(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    And(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Or(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Or(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Not(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Not(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Equal(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Equal(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    NotEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    NotEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    GreaterThan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    GreaterThan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    GreaterThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    GreaterThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    LessThan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    LessThan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    LessThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    LessThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            LogicalExpression::And(l, r) => write!(f, "({} && {})", l, r),
@@ -90,25 +88,25 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct AssignmentExpression {
+pub struct AssignmentExpression<'a> {
-    pub assignee: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub assignee: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub expression: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub expression: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for AssignmentExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for AssignmentExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "({} = {})", self.assignee, self.expression)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct FunctionExpression {
+pub struct FunctionExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<String>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>>,
-    pub body: BlockExpression,
+    pub body: BlockExpression<'a>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
@@ -125,9 +123,9 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct BlockExpression(pub Vec<Spanned<Expression>>);
+pub struct BlockExpression<'a>(pub Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>);
-impl std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
@@ -142,12 +140,12 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct InvocationExpression {
+pub struct InvocationExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
@@ -163,25 +161,25 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct MemberAccessExpression {
+pub struct MemberAccessExpression<'a> {
-    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub member: Spanned<String>,
+    pub member: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for MemberAccessExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for MemberAccessExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}.{}", self.object, self.member)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct MethodCallExpression {
+pub struct MethodCallExpression<'a> {
-    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub method: Spanned<String>,
+    pub method: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
@@ -198,12 +196,12 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum LiteralOrVariable {
+pub enum LiteralOrVariable<'a> {
-    Literal(Literal),
+    Literal(Literal<'a>),
-    Variable(Spanned<String>),
+    Variable(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>),
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            LiteralOrVariable::Literal(l) => write!(f, "{}", l),
@@ -213,46 +211,46 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct ConstDeclarationExpression {
+pub struct ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub value: LiteralOr<SysCall>,
+    pub value: LiteralOr<'a, SysCall<'a>>,
 }
-impl ConstDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
    pub fn is_syscall_supported(call: &SysCall) -> bool {
        use sys_call::System;
        matches!(call, SysCall::System(sys) if matches!(sys, System::Hash(_)))
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for ConstDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "(const {} = {})", self.name, self.value)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct DeviceDeclarationExpression {
+pub struct DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a> {
    /// any variable-like name
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
    /// The device port, ex. (db, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5)
-    pub device: String,
+    pub device: Cow<'a, str>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for DeviceDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "(device {} = {})", self.name, self.device)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct IfExpression {
+pub struct IfExpression<'a> {
-    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression>,
+    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>,
-    pub else_branch: Option<Box<Spanned<Expression>>>,
+    pub else_branch: Option<Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for IfExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for IfExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "(if ({}) {}", self.condition, self.body)?;
        if let Some(else_branch) = &self.else_branch {
@@ -263,23 +261,23 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for IfExpression {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct LoopExpression {
+pub struct LoopExpression<'a> {
-    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression>,
+    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for LoopExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LoopExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "(loop {})", self.body)
    }
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct WhileExpression {
+pub struct WhileExpression<'a> {
-    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub body: BlockExpression,
+    pub body: BlockExpression<'a>,
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for WhileExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for WhileExpression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "(while {} {})", self.condition, self.body)
    }
@@ -347,32 +345,32 @@ impl<T> Deref for Spanned<T> {
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum Expression {
+pub enum Expression<'a> {
-    Assignment(Spanned<AssignmentExpression>),
+    Assignment(Spanned<AssignmentExpression<'a>>),
-    Binary(Spanned<BinaryExpression>),
+    Binary(Spanned<BinaryExpression<'a>>),
-    Block(Spanned<BlockExpression>),
+    Block(Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>),
    Break(Span),
-    ConstDeclaration(Spanned<ConstDeclarationExpression>),
+    ConstDeclaration(Spanned<ConstDeclarationExpression<'a>>),
    Continue(Span),
-    Declaration(Spanned<String>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Declaration(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    DeviceDeclaration(Spanned<DeviceDeclarationExpression>),
+    DeviceDeclaration(Spanned<DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a>>),
-    Function(Spanned<FunctionExpression>),
+    Function(Spanned<FunctionExpression<'a>>),
-    If(Spanned<IfExpression>),
+    If(Spanned<IfExpression<'a>>),
-    Invocation(Spanned<InvocationExpression>),
+    Invocation(Spanned<InvocationExpression<'a>>),
-    Literal(Spanned<Literal>),
+    Literal(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
-    Logical(Spanned<LogicalExpression>),
+    Logical(Spanned<LogicalExpression<'a>>),
-    Loop(Spanned<LoopExpression>),
+    Loop(Spanned<LoopExpression<'a>>),
-    MemberAccess(Spanned<MemberAccessExpression>),
+    MemberAccess(Spanned<MemberAccessExpression<'a>>),
-    MethodCall(Spanned<MethodCallExpression>),
+    MethodCall(Spanned<MethodCallExpression<'a>>),
-    Negation(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Negation(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Priority(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Priority(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Return(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Return(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Syscall(Spanned<SysCall>),
+    Syscall(Spanned<SysCall<'a>>),
-    Variable(Spanned<String>),
+    Variable(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>),
-    While(Spanned<WhileExpression>),
+    While(Spanned<WhileExpression<'a>>),
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for Expression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Expression<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Expression::Assignment(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ edition = "2024"
 [dependencies]
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
 quick-error = { workspace = true }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
 logos = "0.16"
 [dev-dependencies]
 anyhow = { version = "^1" }
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/lib.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/lib.rs
--- a/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/token.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/token.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,59 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use helpers::prelude::*;
 use logos::{Lexer, Logos, Skip, Span};
 use lsp_types::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticSeverity, Position, Range};
 use rust_decimal::Decimal;
 use thiserror::Error;
 #[derive(Debug, Error, Default, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub enum LexError {
    #[error("Attempted to parse an invalid number: {2}")]
    NumberParse(usize, Span, String),
    #[error("An invalid character was found in token stream: {2}")]
    InvalidInput(usize, Span, String),
    #[default]
    #[error("An unknown error occurred")]
    Other,
 }
 impl From<LexError> for Diagnostic {
    fn from(value: LexError) -> Self {
        match value {
            LexError::NumberParse(line, col, str) | LexError::InvalidInput(line, col, str) => {
                Diagnostic {
                    range: Range {
                        start: Position {
                            character: col.start as u32,
                            line: line as u32,
                        },
                        end: Position {
                            line: line as u32,
                            character: col.end as u32,
                        },
                    },
                    severity: Some(DiagnosticSeverity::ERROR),
                    message: str,
                    ..Default::default()
                }
            }
            _ => todo!(),
        }
    }
 }
 impl LexError {
    pub fn from_lexer<'a>(lex: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Self {
        let mut span = lex.span();
        let line = lex.extras.line_count;
        span.start -= lex.extras.line_start_index;
        span.end -= lex.extras.line_start_index;
        Self::InvalidInput(line, span, lex.slice().chars().as_str().to_string())
    }
 }
 // Define a local macro to consume the list
 macro_rules! generate_check {
@@ -10,29 +64,40 @@ macro_rules! generate_check {
    }
 }
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct Token {
+pub struct Extras {
-    /// The type of the token
+    pub line_count: usize,
-    pub token_type: TokenType,
+    pub line_start_index: usize,
    /// The line where the token was found
    pub line: usize,
    /// The column where the token was found
    pub column: usize,
    pub original_string: Option<String>,
 }
-impl Token {
+fn update_line_index<'a>(lex: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Skip {
-    pub fn new(
+    lex.extras.line_count += 1;
-        token_type: TokenType,
+    lex.extras.line_start_index = lex.span().end;
-        line: usize,
+    Skip
-        column: usize,
+}
-        original: Option<String>,
+
-    ) -> Self {
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
 pub struct Token<'a> {
    /// The type of the token
    pub token_type: TokenType<'a>,
    /// The line where the token was found
    pub line: usize,
    /// The span where the token starts and ends
    pub span: Span,
 }
 impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Token<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", self.token_type)
    }
 }
 impl<'a> Token<'a> {
    pub fn new(token_type: TokenType<'a>, line: usize, span: Span) -> Self {
        Self {
            token_type,
            line,
-            column,
+            span,
            original_string: original,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -79,25 +144,186 @@ impl Temperature {
    }
 }
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone)]
+macro_rules! symbol {
-pub enum TokenType {
+    ($var:ident) => {
        |_| Symbol::$var
    };
 }
 macro_rules! keyword {
    ($var:ident) => {
        |_| Keyword::$var
    };
 }
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone, Logos)]
 #[logos(skip r"[ \t\f]+")]
 #[logos(extras = Extras)]
 #[logos(error(LexError, LexError::from_lexer))]
 pub enum TokenType<'a> {
    #[regex(r"\n", update_line_index)]
    Newline,
    // matches strings with double quotes
    #[regex(r#""(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*""#, |v| {
        let str = v.slice();
        Cow::from(&str[1..str.len() - 1])
    })]
    // matches strings with single quotes
    #[regex(r#"'(?:[^'\\]|\\.)*'"#, |v| {
        let str = v.slice();
        Cow::from(&str[1..str.len() - 1])
    })]
    /// Represents a string token
-    String(String),
+    String(Cow<'a, str>),
    #[regex(r"[0-9][0-9_]*(\.[0-9][0-9_]*)?([cfk])?", parse_number)]
    /// Represents a number token
    Number(Number),
    #[token("true", |_| true)]
    #[token("false", |_| false)]
    /// Represents a boolean token
    Boolean(bool),
    #[token("continue", keyword!(Continue))]
    #[token("const", keyword!(Const))]
    #[token("let", keyword!(Let))]
    #[token("fn", keyword!(Fn))]
    #[token("if", keyword!(If))]
    #[token("device", keyword!(Device))]
    #[token("else", keyword!(Else))]
    #[token("return", keyword!(Return))]
    #[token("enum", keyword!(Enum))]
    #[token("loop", keyword!(Loop))]
    #[token("break", keyword!(Break))]
    #[token("while", keyword!(While))]
    /// Represents a keyword token
    Keyword(Keyword),
    #[regex(r"[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*", |v| Cow::from(v.slice()))]
    /// Represents an identifier token
-    Identifier(String),
+    Identifier(Cow<'a, str>),
    #[token("(", symbol!(LParen))]
    #[token(")", symbol!(RParen))]
    #[token("{", symbol!(LBrace))]
    #[token("}", symbol!(RBrace))]
    #[token("[", symbol!(LBracket))]
    #[token("]", symbol!(RBracket))]
    #[token(";", symbol!(Semicolon))]
    #[token(":", symbol!(Colon))]
    #[token(",", symbol!(Comma))]
    #[token("+", symbol!(Plus))]
    #[token("-", symbol!(Minus))]
    #[token("*", symbol!(Asterisk))]
    #[token("/", symbol!(Slash))]
    #[token("<", symbol!(LessThan))]
    #[token(">", symbol!(GreaterThan))]
    #[token("=", symbol!(Assign))]
    #[token("!", symbol!(LogicalNot))]
    #[token(".", symbol!(Dot))]
    #[token("^", symbol!(Caret))]
    #[token("%", symbol!(Percent))]
    #[token("==", symbol!(Equal))]
    #[token("!=", symbol!(NotEqual))]
    #[token("&&", symbol!(LogicalAnd))]
    #[token("||", symbol!(LogicalOr))]
    #[token("<=", symbol!(LessThanOrEqual))]
    #[token(">=", symbol!(GreaterThanOrEqual))]
    #[token("**", symbol!(Exp))]
    /// Represents a symbol token
    Symbol(Symbol),
    #[token("//", |lex| Comment::Line(read_line(lex)))]
    #[token("///", |lex| Comment::Doc(read_line(lex)))]
    /// Represents a comment, both a line comment and a doc comment
    Comment(Comment<'a>),
    #[end]
    /// Represents an end of file token
    EOF,
 }
-impl Documentation for TokenType {
+fn read_line<'a>(lexer: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Cow<'a, str> {
    let rem = lexer.remainder();
    let len = rem.find('\n').unwrap_or(rem.len());
    let content = rem[..len].trim().to_string();
    lexer.bump(len);
    Cow::from(content)
 }
 #[derive(Hash, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
 pub enum Comment<'a> {
    Line(Cow<'a, str>),
    Doc(Cow<'a, str>),
 }
 fn parse_number<'a>(lexer: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Result<Number, LexError> {
    let slice = lexer.slice();
    let last_char = slice.chars().last().unwrap_or_default();
    let (num_str, suffix) = match last_char {
        'c' | 'k' | 'f' => (&slice[..slice.len() - 1], Some(last_char)),
        _ => (slice, None),
    };
    let clean_str = if num_str.contains('_') {
        num_str.replace('_', "")
    } else {
        num_str.to_string()
    };
    let line = lexer.extras.line_count;
    let mut span = lexer.span();
    span.end -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
    span.start -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
    let num = if clean_str.contains('.') {
        Number::Decimal(
            clean_str
                .parse::<Decimal>()
                .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
        )
    } else {
        Number::Integer(
            clean_str
                .parse::<i128>()
                .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
        )
    };
    if let Some(suffix) = suffix {
        Ok(match suffix {
            'c' => Temperature::Celsius(num),
            'f' => Temperature::Fahrenheit(num),
            'k' => Temperature::Kelvin(num),
            _ => unreachable!(),
        }
        .to_kelvin())
    } else {
        Ok(num)
    }
 }
 impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Comment<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::Line(c) => write!(f, "// {}", c),
            Self::Doc(d) => {
                let lines = d
                    .split('\n')
                    .map(|s| format!("/// {s}"))
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .join("\n");
                write!(f, "{}", lines)
            }
        }
    }
 }
 impl<'a> Documentation for TokenType<'a> {
    fn docs(&self) -> String {
        match self {
            Self::Keyword(k) => k.docs(),
@@ -112,7 +338,7 @@ impl Documentation for TokenType {
 helpers::with_syscalls!(generate_check);
-impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
+impl<'a> From<TokenType<'a>> for u32 {
    fn from(value: TokenType) -> Self {
        match value {
            TokenType::String(_) => 1,
@@ -128,6 +354,7 @@ impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
                | Keyword::Return => 4,
                _ => 5,
            },
            TokenType::Comment(_) => 8,
            TokenType::Identifier(s) => {
                if is_syscall(&s) {
                    10
@@ -146,12 +373,12 @@ impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
                    7
                }
            }
-            TokenType::EOF => 0,
+            _ => 0,
        }
    }
 }
-impl std::fmt::Display for TokenType {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TokenType<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            TokenType::String(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
@@ -160,7 +387,9 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for TokenType {
            TokenType::Keyword(k) => write!(f, "{:?}", k),
            TokenType::Identifier(i) => write!(f, "{}", i),
            TokenType::Symbol(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
            TokenType::Comment(c) => write!(f, "{}", c),
            TokenType::EOF => write!(f, "EOF"),
            _ => write!(f, ""),
        }
    }
 }
--- a/rust_compiler/src/ffi/mod.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/src/ffi/mod.rs
@@ -96,9 +96,10 @@ pub fn free_docs_vec(v: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiDocumentedItem>) {
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::String {
    let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
+        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
        let parser = Parser::new(tokenizer);
        let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
@@ -120,7 +121,8 @@ pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<FfiToken> {
    let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
+        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
        let mut tokens = Vec::new();
@@ -136,34 +138,31 @@ pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<Ff
            }
            match token {
                Err(ref e) => {
                    use tokenizer::token::LexError;
                    use tokenizer::Error::*;
-                    let (err_str, col, og) = match e {
+                    let (err_str, _, span) = match e {
-                        NumberParseError(_, _, col, og)
+                        LexError(LexError::NumberParse(line, span, err))
-                        | DecimalParseError(_, _, col, og)
+                        | LexError(LexError::InvalidInput(line, span, err)) => {
-                        | UnknownSymbolError(_, _, col, og)
+                            (err.to_string(), line, span)
                        | UnknownKeywordOrIdentifierError(_, _, col, og) => {
                            (e.to_string(), col, og)
                        }
                        _ => continue,
                    };
                    tokens.push(FfiToken {
-                        column: *col as i32,
+                        column: span.start as i32,
                        error: err_str.into(),
                        tooltip: "".into(),
-                        length: og.len() as i32,
+                        length: (span.end - span.start) as i32,
                        token_kind: 0,
                    })
                }
                Ok(Token {
-                    column,
+                    span, token_type, ..
                    original_string,
                    token_type,
                    ..
                }) => tokens.push(FfiToken {
-                    column: column as i32,
+                    column: span.start as i32,
                    error: "".into(),
-                    length: (original_string.unwrap_or_default().len()) as i32,
+                    length: (span.end - span.start) as i32,
                    tooltip: token_type.docs().into(),
                    token_kind: token_type.into(),
                }),
@@ -179,8 +178,10 @@ pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<Ff
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn diagnose_source(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<FfiDiagnostic> {
    let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
+        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
        let compiler = Compiler::new(Parser::new(tokenizer), &mut writer, None);
        let diagnosis = compiler.compile();
--- a/rust_compiler/src/main.rs
+++ b/rust_compiler/src/main.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 #![allow(clippy::result_large_err)]
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate quick_error;
 use clap::Parser;
 use compiler::Compiler;
 use parser::Parser as ASTParser;
@@ -11,27 +8,39 @@ use std::{
    io::{stderr, BufWriter, Read, Write},
    path::PathBuf,
 };
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tokenizer::{self, Tokenizer};
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+enum Error<'a> {
-    enum StationlangError {
+    #[error(transparent)]
-        TokenizerError(err: tokenizer::Error) {
+    Tokenizer(tokenizer::Error),
-            from()
+
-            display("Tokenizer error: {}", err)
+    #[error(transparent)]
    Parser(parser::Error<'a>),
    #[error(transparent)]
    Compile(compiler::Error<'a>),
    #[error(transparent)]
    IO(#[from] std::io::Error),
 }
 impl<'a> From<parser::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
    fn from(value: parser::Error<'a>) -> Self {
        Self::Parser(value)
    }
-        ParserError(err: parser::Error) {
+}
-            from()
+
-            display("Parser error: {}", err)
+impl<'a> From<compiler::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
-        }
+    fn from(value: compiler::Error<'a>) -> Self {
-        CompileError(err: compiler::Error) {
+        Self::Compile(value)
            from()
            display("Compile error: {}", err)
        }
        IoError(err: std::io::Error) {
            from()
            display("IO error: {}", err)
    }
 }
 impl<'a> From<tokenizer::Error> for Error<'a> {
    fn from(value: tokenizer::Error) -> Self {
        Self::Tokenizer(value)
    }
 }
@@ -46,12 +55,17 @@ struct Args {
    output_file: Option<PathBuf>,
 }
-fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
+fn run_logic<'a>() -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
    let args = Args::parse();
    let input_file = args.input_file;
-    let tokenizer: Tokenizer = match input_file {
+    let input_string = match input_file {
-        Some(input_file) => Tokenizer::from_path(&input_file)?,
+        Some(input_path) => {
            let mut buf = String::new();
            let mut file = std::fs::File::open(input_path).unwrap();
            file.read_to_string(&mut buf).unwrap();
            buf
        }
        None => {
            let mut buf = String::new();
            let stdin = std::io::stdin();
@@ -62,10 +76,11 @@ fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
                return Ok(());
            }
-            Tokenizer::from(buf)
+            buf
        }
    };
    let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input_string.as_str());
    let parser = ASTParser::new(tokenizer);
    let mut writer: BufWriter<Box<dyn Write>> = match args.output_file {
@@ -75,20 +90,17 @@ fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
    let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
-    let mut errors = compiler.compile();
+    let errors = compiler.compile();
    if !errors.is_empty() {
        let mut std_error = stderr();
-        let last = errors.pop();
+        let errors = errors.into_iter().map(Error::from);
        let errors = errors.into_iter().map(StationlangError::from);
        std_error.write_all(b"Compilation error:\n")?;
        for err in errors {
            std_error.write_all(format!("{}\n", err).as_bytes())?;
        }
        return Err(StationlangError::from(last.unwrap()));
    }
    writer.flush()?;
@@ -96,7 +108,7 @@ fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
    Ok(())
 }
-fn main() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
+fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    run_logic()?;
    Ok(())
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Devin Bidwell	46500a456a	Add support for colorized comments	2025-12-09 17:38:35 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	f60c9b32a8	minor version bump	2025-12-09 16:50:23 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	0cddb3e8c8	The Cows are all working. Moo.	2025-12-09 16:31:24 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	c3986ab4d9	VariableManager lifetime errors	2025-12-09 16:05:40 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	f54214acb9	Most of all the errors are gone	2025-12-09 13:59:54 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	d9a7a31306	Lifetimes are declared, now I gotta fix the lifetime issues	2025-12-09 13:51:54 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	d40b759442	TEST -- use Cow instead of String for tokens	2025-12-09 13:17:35 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	080b5320f7	Removed off-by-one calculations in the C# mod	2025-12-09 12:24:29 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	a50a45f0b4	More cleanup	2025-12-09 12:12:28 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	c531f673a5	Remove quickerror in favor of thiserror	2025-12-09 11:32:14 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	23c2ba4134	Fix visual bugs with new span logic	2025-12-09 02:21:56 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	7b7c1f7d29	Logos plugged into Parser	2025-12-09 02:15:43 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	72cf9ea042	wip	2025-12-09 01:43:12 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	fac36c756b	Lexer impl done	2025-12-08 23:19:23 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	115a57128c	Before error type refactor	2025-12-08 22:50:20 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	6afeec6da2	First pass getting a logos tokenizer up and running	2025-12-08 21:06:42 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	b6123219f8	Merge pull request #21 from dbidwell94/cysharp-removal Updates for Stationeers Beta branch	2025-12-08 15:26:22 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	f38c15da9c	Remove references to Unitask and Cysharp	2025-12-07 23:00:45 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	fdd1a311d5	Merge pull request #20 from dbidwell94/release Release	2025-12-07 21:46:05 -07:00
Devin Bidwell	fb7ca0d4fd	Update About.xml again	2025-12-07 21:45:07 -07:00