Merge pull request #28 from dbidwell94/key-not-found-exception

Fixed possible KeyNotFoundException

Changelog.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Changelog
+
+[0.3.1]
+
+- Fixed possible `KeyNotFoundException` in C# code due to invalid
+  dictionary access when an IC housing has an error
+
+[0.3.0]
+
+- Implemented a multi-pass optimizer
+  - This should significantly reduce line count in the final output
+- Fixed source map to line up with newly optimized code
+
+[0.2.4]
+
+- Groundwork laid to collect and track source maps
+- IC Housing will now display the `Slang` source error line (if available)
+  instead of the `IC10` source error line
+
+[0.2.3]
+
+- Fixed stack underflow with function invocations
+  - They are still "heavy", but they should work as expected now
+- Fixed issue where syscall functions were not allowed as infix operators
+
+[0.2.2]
+
+- Fixed some formatting issues when converting Markdown to Text Mesh Pro for
+  Stationpedia
+- Added support for ternary expressions
+  - `let i = someValue ? 4 : 5;`
+  - `i = someValue ? 4 : 5;`
+  - This greedily evaluates both sides, so side effects like calling functions
+    is not recommended i.e.
+    - `i = someValue : doSomething() : doSomethingElse();`
+    - Both sides will be evaluated before calling the `select` instruction
+
+[0.2.1]
+
+- Added support for `loadSlot` and `setSlot`
+- Fixed bug where syscalls like `max(1, 2)` were not allowed in assignment expressions
+
+[0.2.0]
+
+- Completely re-wrote the tokenizer to use `logos`
+- Changed AST and Token data structures to use `Cow` instead of `String`
+- Updated error reporting to use `thiserror` instead of `quickerror`
+
+[0.1.2]
+
+- Removed references to `Unitask`

ModData/About/About.xml

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <ModMetadata xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
-  <Name>StationeersSlang</Name>
+  <Name>Slang</Name>
   <Author>JoeDiertay</Author>
-  <Version>0.1.1</Version>
+  <Version>0.3.1</Version>
   <Description>
 [h1]Slang: High-Level Programming for Stationeers[/h1]
 
 Stop writing assembly. Start writing code.
 
-Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows you to write scripts using a familiar C-style syntax (variables, functions, if/else, loops) directly in the in-game editor. When you hit confirm, Slang compiles your code into optimized IC10 MIPS assembly instantly.
+Slang (Stationeers Language) brings modern programming to Stationeers. It allows you to write scripts using a familiar C-style syntax (variables, functions, if/else, loops) directly in the in-game editor. When you hit confirm, Slang compiles your code into IC10 instantly.
 
 [b]NOTE: This project is in BETA. Expect updates and changes![/b]
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ A: Yes! Slang does not modify any existing IC10 code, it is only a compiler. As
   <OrderBefore WorkshopHandle="3592775931" />
   <InGameDescription><![CDATA[
         <size=30><color=#ffff00>Slang - High Level Language Compiler</color></size>
-        A modern programming experience for Stationeers. Write C-style code that compiles to MIPS assembly instantly.
+        A modern programming experience for Stationeers. Write C-style code that compiles to IC10 instantly.
 
         <color=#ffa500><b>Features</b></color>
         - <b>In-Game Compilation:</b> Write high-level logic directly in the chip editor.

csharp_mod/Extensions.cs

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
 
             var color = GetColorForKind(token.token_kind);
 
-            int colIndex = token.column - 1;
+            int colIndex = token.column;
             if (colIndex < 0)
                 colIndex = 0;
 
@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
                     Severity = item.severity,
                     Range = new Slang.Range
                     {
-                        EndCol = Math.Max(item.range.end_col - 2, 0),
+                        EndCol = Math.Max(item.range.end_col, 0),
-                        EndLine = item.range.end_line - 1,
+                        EndLine = item.range.end_line,
-                        StartCol = Math.Max(item.range.start_col - 2, 0),
+                        StartCol = Math.Max(item.range.start_col, 0),
-                        StartLine = item.range.end_line - 1,
+                        StartLine = item.range.start_line,
                     },
                 }
             );
@@ -113,6 +113,34 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
         return toReturn;
     }
 
+    public static unsafe List<SourceMapEntry> ToList(this Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t vec)
+    {
+        var toReturn = new List<SourceMapEntry>((int)vec.len);
+
+        var currentPtr = vec.ptr;
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < (int)vec.len; i++)
+        {
+            var item = currentPtr[i];
+
+            toReturn.Add(
+                new SourceMapEntry
+                {
+                    Ic10Line = item.line_number,
+                    SlangSource = new Range
+                    {
+                        EndCol = item.span.end_col,
+                        EndLine = item.span.end_line,
+                        StartCol = item.span.start_col,
+                        StartLine = item.span.start_line,
+                    },
+                }
+            );
+        }
+
+        return toReturn;
+    }
+
     private static uint GetColorForKind(uint kind)
     {
         switch (kind)
@@ -134,6 +162,9 @@ public static unsafe class SlangExtensions
             case 7: // (punctuation)
                 return SlangFormatter.ColorDefault;
 
+            case 8: // Comments
+                return SlangFormatter.ColorComment;
+
             case 10: // (syscalls)
                 return SlangFormatter.ColorFunction;
 

csharp_mod/FfiGlue.cs

@@ -71,18 +71,6 @@ public unsafe struct Vec_uint8_t {
     public UIntPtr cap;
 }
 
-public unsafe partial class Ffi {
-    /// <summary>
-    /// C# handles strings as UTF16. We do NOT want to allocate that memory in C# because
-    /// we want to avoid GC. So we pass it to Rust to handle all the memory allocations.
-    /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
-    /// from the GC from a <c>GetBytes()</c> call on a string in C#.
-    /// </summary>
-    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
-    Vec_uint8_t compile_from_string (
-        slice_ref_uint16_t input);
-}
-
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 16)]
 public unsafe struct FfiRange_t {
     public UInt32 start_col;
@@ -94,6 +82,44 @@ public unsafe struct FfiRange_t {
     public UInt32 end_line;
 }
 
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 20)]
+public unsafe struct FfiSourceMapEntry_t {
+    public UInt32 line_number;
+
+    public FfiRange_t span;
+}
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Same as [<c>Vec<T></c>][<c>rust::Vec</c>], but with guaranteed <c>#[repr(C)]</c> layout
+/// </summary>
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 24)]
+public unsafe struct Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t {
+    public FfiSourceMapEntry_t * ptr;
+
+    public UIntPtr len;
+
+    public UIntPtr cap;
+}
+
+[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 48)]
+public unsafe struct FfiCompilationResult_t {
+    public Vec_uint8_t output_code;
+
+    public Vec_FfiSourceMapEntry_t source_map;
+}
+
+public unsafe partial class Ffi {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// C# handles strings as UTF16. We do NOT want to allocate that memory in C# because
+    /// we want to avoid GC. So we pass it to Rust to handle all the memory allocations.
+    /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
+    /// from the GC from a <c>GetBytes()</c> call on a string in C#.
+    /// </summary>
+    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
+    FfiCompilationResult_t compile_from_string (
+        slice_ref_uint16_t input);
+}
+
 [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Size = 48)]
 public unsafe struct FfiDiagnostic_t {
     public Vec_uint8_t message;
@@ -146,6 +172,12 @@ public unsafe partial class Ffi {
         Vec_FfiDocumentedItem_t v);
 }
 
+public unsafe partial class Ffi {
+    [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
+    void free_ffi_compilation_result (
+        FfiCompilationResult_t input);
+}
+
 public unsafe partial class Ffi {
     [DllImport(RustLib, ExactSpelling = true)] public static unsafe extern
     void free_ffi_diagnostic_vec (

csharp_mod/Formatter.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
-using Cysharp.Threading.Tasks;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using StationeersIC10Editor;
 
 public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
@@ -98,29 +98,32 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
             inputSrc = this.RawText;
         }
 
-        HandleLsp(inputSrc, token).Forget();
+        _ = HandleLsp(inputSrc, token);
     }
 
-    private async UniTaskVoid HandleLsp(string inputSrc, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    private async Task HandleLsp(string inputSrc, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
     {
         try
         {
-            await UniTask.SwitchToThreadPool();
+            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+                return;
+
+            await Task.Delay(200, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
 
             if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                 return;
 
-            await System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Delay(200, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
+            // Running this potentially CPU intensive work on a background thread.
-
+            var dict = await Task.Run(
-            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+                () =>
-                return;
+                {
-
+                    return Marshal
-            var dict = Marshal
+                        .DiagnoseSource(inputSrc)
-                .DiagnoseSource(inputSrc)
+                        .GroupBy(d => d.Range.StartLine)
-                .GroupBy(d => d.Range.StartLine)
+                        .ToDictionary(g => g.Key);
-                .ToDictionary(g => g.Key);
+                },
-
+                cancellationToken
-            await UniTask.Yield(PlayerLoopTiming.Update, cancellationToken);
+            );
 
             ApplyDiagnostics(dict);
         }
@@ -136,7 +139,6 @@ public class SlangFormatter : ICodeFormatter
     {
         HashSet<uint> linesToRefresh;
 
-        // CRITICAL FIX FOR LINE SHIFTS:
         // If the line count has changed (lines added/deleted), indices have shifted.
         // We must refresh ALL lines to ensure any line that shifted into a new position
         // gets scrubbed of its old visual state.

csharp_mod/GlobalCode.cs

@@ -15,11 +15,64 @@ public static class GlobalCode
     // so that save file data is smaller
     private static Dictionary<Guid, string> codeDict = new();
 
+    // This Dictionary stores the source maps for the given SLANG_REF, where
+    // the key is the IC10 line, and the value is a List of Slang ranges where that
+    // line would have come from
+    private static Dictionary<Guid, Dictionary<uint, List<Range>>> sourceMaps = new();
+
     public static void ClearCache()
     {
         codeDict.Clear();
     }
 
+    public static void SetSourceMap(Guid reference, List<SourceMapEntry> sourceMapEntries)
+    {
+        var builtDictionary = new Dictionary<uint, List<Range>>();
+
+        foreach (var entry in sourceMapEntries)
+        {
+            if (!builtDictionary.ContainsKey(entry.Ic10Line))
+            {
+                builtDictionary[entry.Ic10Line] = new();
+            }
+            builtDictionary[entry.Ic10Line].Add(entry.SlangSource);
+        }
+
+        sourceMaps[reference] = builtDictionary;
+    }
+
+    public static bool GetSlangErrorLineFromICError(
+        Guid reference,
+        uint icErrorLine,
+        out uint slangSrc,
+        out Range slangSpan
+    )
+    {
+        slangSrc = icErrorLine;
+        slangSpan = new Range { };
+
+        if (!sourceMaps.ContainsKey(reference))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!sourceMaps[reference].ContainsKey(icErrorLine))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        var foundRange = sourceMaps[reference][icErrorLine];
+
+        if (foundRange is null)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        slangSrc = foundRange[0].StartLine;
+        slangSpan = foundRange[0];
+        return true;
+    }
+
     public static string GetSource(Guid reference)
     {
         if (!codeDict.ContainsKey(reference))

csharp_mod/Marshal.cs

@@ -10,10 +10,23 @@ using StationeersIC10Editor;
 
 public struct Range
 {
-    public uint StartCol;
+    public uint StartCol = 0;
-    public uint EndCol;
+    public uint EndCol = 0;
-    public uint StartLine;
+    public uint StartLine = 0;
-    public uint EndLine;
+    public uint EndLine = 0;
+
+    public Range(uint startLine, uint startCol, uint endLine, uint endCol)
+    {
+        StartLine = startLine;
+        StartCol = startCol;
+        EndLine = endLine;
+        EndCol = endCol;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"L{StartLine}C{StartCol} - L{EndLine}C{EndCol}";
+    }
 }
 
 public struct Diagnostic
@@ -23,6 +36,17 @@ public struct Diagnostic
     public Range Range;
 }
 
+public struct SourceMapEntry
+{
+    public Range SlangSource;
+    public uint Ic10Line;
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"IC10: {Ic10Line} Slang: `{SlangSource}`";
+    }
+}
+
 public static class Marshal
 {
     private static IntPtr _libraryHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
@@ -78,11 +102,16 @@ public static class Marshal
         }
     }
 
-    public static unsafe bool CompileFromString(string inputString, out string compiledString)
+    public static unsafe bool CompileFromString(
+        string inputString,
+        out string compiledString,
+        out List<SourceMapEntry> sourceMapEntries
+    )
     {
         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputString) || !EnsureLibLoaded())
         {
             compiledString = String.Empty;
+            sourceMapEntries = new();
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -95,19 +124,16 @@ public static class Marshal
             };
 
             var result = Ffi.compile_from_string(input);
+
             try
             {
-                if ((ulong)result.len < 1)
+                sourceMapEntries = result.source_map.ToList();
-                {
+                compiledString = result.output_code.AsString();
-                    compiledString = String.Empty;
-                    return false;
-                }
-                compiledString = result.AsString();
                 return true;
             }
             finally
             {
-                result.Drop();
+                Ffi.free_ffi_compilation_result(result);
             }
         }
     }

csharp_mod/Patches.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,43 @@
 namespace Slang;
 
 using System;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using Assets.Scripts.Objects;
 using Assets.Scripts.Objects.Electrical;
 using Assets.Scripts.Objects.Motherboards;
 using Assets.Scripts.UI;
 using HarmonyLib;
 
+class LineErrorData
+{
+    public AsciiString SourceRef;
+    public uint IC10ErrorSource;
+    public string SlangErrorReference;
+    public Range SlangErrorSpan;
+
+    public LineErrorData(
+        AsciiString sourceRef,
+        uint ic10ErrorSource,
+        string slangErrorRef,
+        Range slangErrorSpan
+    )
+    {
+        this.SourceRef = sourceRef;
+        this.IC10ErrorSource = ic10ErrorSource;
+        this.SlangErrorReference = slangErrorRef;
+        this.SlangErrorSpan = slangErrorSpan;
+    }
+}
+
 [HarmonyPatch]
 public static class SlangPatches
 {
     private static ProgrammableChipMotherboard? _currentlyEditingMotherboard;
     private static AsciiString? _motherboardCachedCode;
+    private static Guid? _currentlyEditingGuid;
+
+    private static ConditionalWeakTable<ProgrammableChip, LineErrorData> _errorReferenceTable =
+        new();
 
     [HarmonyPatch(
         typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard),
@@ -25,17 +51,20 @@ public static class SlangPatches
         // guard to ensure we have valid IC10 before continuing
         if (
             !SlangPlugin.IsSlangSource(ref result)
-            || !Marshal.CompileFromString(result, out string compiled)
+            || !Marshal.CompileFromString(result, out var compiled, out var sourceMap)
             || string.IsNullOrEmpty(compiled)
         )
         {
             return;
         }
 
-        var thisRef = Guid.NewGuid();
+        var thisRef = _currentlyEditingGuid ?? Guid.NewGuid();
 
         // Ensure we cache this compiled code for later retreival.
         GlobalCode.SetSource(thisRef, result);
+        GlobalCode.SetSourceMap(thisRef, sourceMap);
+
+        _currentlyEditingGuid = null;
 
         // Append REF to the bottom
         compiled += $"\n{GlobalCode.SLANG_REF}{thisRef}";
@@ -77,6 +106,7 @@ public static class SlangPatches
             return;
         }
 
+        _currentlyEditingGuid = sourceRef;
         var slangSource = GlobalCode.GetSource(sourceRef);
 
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(slangSource))
@@ -136,6 +166,100 @@ public static class SlangPatches
         chipData.SourceCode = code;
     }
 
+    [HarmonyPatch(
+        typeof(ProgrammableChip),
+        nameof(ProgrammableChip.ErrorLineNumberString),
+        MethodType.Getter
+    )]
+    [HarmonyPostfix]
+    public static void pgc_ErrorLineNumberString(ProgrammableChip __instance, ref string __result)
+    {
+        if (
+            String.IsNullOrEmpty(__result)
+            || !uint.TryParse(__result.Trim(), out var ic10ErrorLineNumber)
+        )
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        var sourceAscii = __instance.GetSourceCode();
+
+        if (_errorReferenceTable.TryGetValue(__instance, out var cache))
+        {
+            if (cache.SourceRef.Equals(sourceAscii) && cache.IC10ErrorSource == ic10ErrorLineNumber)
+            {
+                __result = cache.SlangErrorReference;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        var source = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(
+            System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(__instance.GetSourceCode())
+        );
+
+        var slangIndex = source.LastIndexOf(GlobalCode.SLANG_REF);
+
+        if (
+            slangIndex < 0
+            || !Guid.TryParse(
+                source
+                    .Substring(
+                        source.LastIndexOf(GlobalCode.SLANG_REF) + GlobalCode.SLANG_REF.Length
+                    )
+                    .Trim(),
+                out var slangGuid
+            )
+            || !GlobalCode.GetSlangErrorLineFromICError(
+                slangGuid,
+                ic10ErrorLineNumber,
+                out var slangErrorLineNumber,
+                out var slangSpan
+            )
+        )
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        L.Warning($"IC error at: {__result} -- Slang source error line: {slangErrorLineNumber}");
+        __result = slangErrorLineNumber.ToString();
+        _errorReferenceTable.Remove(__instance);
+        _errorReferenceTable.Add(
+            __instance,
+            new LineErrorData(
+                sourceAscii,
+                ic10ErrorLineNumber,
+                slangErrorLineNumber.ToString(),
+                slangSpan
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    [HarmonyPatch(
+        typeof(ProgrammableChip),
+        nameof(ProgrammableChip.SetSourceCode),
+        new Type[] { typeof(string) }
+    )]
+    [HarmonyPostfix]
+    public static void pgc_SetSourceCode_string(ProgrammableChip __instance, string sourceCode)
+    {
+        _errorReferenceTable.Remove(__instance);
+    }
+
+    [HarmonyPatch(
+        typeof(ProgrammableChip),
+        nameof(ProgrammableChip.SetSourceCode),
+        new Type[] { typeof(string), typeof(ICircuitHolder) }
+    )]
+    [HarmonyPostfix]
+    public static void pgc_SetSourceCode_string_parent(
+        ProgrammableChip __instance,
+        string sourceCode,
+        ICircuitHolder parent
+    )
+    {
+        _errorReferenceTable.Remove(__instance);
+    }
+
     [HarmonyPatch(
         typeof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard),
         nameof(ProgrammableChipMotherboard.SerializeSave)
@@ -223,6 +347,7 @@ public static class SlangPatches
 
         _currentlyEditingMotherboard = null;
         _motherboardCachedCode = null;
+        _currentlyEditingGuid = null;
     }
 
     [HarmonyPatch(typeof(Stationpedia), nameof(Stationpedia.Regenerate))]

csharp_mod/Plugin.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace Slang
     {
         public const string PluginGuid = "com.biddydev.slang";
         public const string PluginName = "Slang";
-        public const string PluginVersion = "0.1.1";
+        public const string PluginVersion = "0.3.1";
 
         public static Mod MOD = new Mod(PluginName, PluginVersion);
 

csharp_mod/TmpFormatter.cs

@@ -26,12 +26,18 @@ public static class TextMeshProFormatter
             RegexOptions.Singleline
         );
 
-        // 3. Handle Headers (## Header)
-        // Convert ## Header to large bold text
         text = Regex.Replace(
             text,
-            @"^##(\s+)?(.+)$",
+            @"^\s*##\s+(.+)$",
-            "<size=120%><b>$1</b></size>",
+            "<size=110%><color=#ffffff><b>$1</b></color></size>",
+            RegexOptions.Multiline
+        );
+
+        // 3. Handle # Headers SECOND (General)
+        text = Regex.Replace(
+            text,
+            @"^\s*#\s+(.+)$",
+            "<size=120%><color=#ffffff><b>$1</b></color></size>",
             RegexOptions.Multiline
         );
 

csharp_mod/stationeersSlang.csproj

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <AssemblyName>StationeersSlang</AssemblyName>
     <Description>Slang Compiler Bridge</Description>
-    <Version>0.1.1</Version>
+    <Version>0.3.1</Version>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <LangVersion>latest</LangVersion>
   </PropertyGroup>
@@ -39,10 +39,6 @@
         <HintPath>./ref/Assembly-CSharp.dll</HintPath>
         <Private>False</Private>
       </Reference>
-      <Reference Include="UniTask">
-        <HintPath>./ref/UniTask.dll</HintPath>
-        <Private>False</Private>
-      </Reference>
 
       <Reference Include="IC10Editor.dll">
         <HintPath>./ref/IC10Editor.dll</HintPath>

rust_compiler/Cargo.lock

@@ -28,6 +28,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "version_check",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "aho-corasick"
+version = "1.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ddd31a130427c27518df266943a5308ed92d4b226cc639f5a8f1002816174301"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
 version = "0.6.21"
@@ -114,6 +123,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-link",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "beef"
+version = "0.5.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3a8241f3ebb85c056b509d4327ad0358fbbba6ffb340bf388f26350aeda225b1"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
 version = "1.3.2"
@@ -253,12 +268,13 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "helpers",
+ "il",
  "indoc",
  "lsp-types",
  "parser",
  "pretty_assertions",
- "quick-error",
  "rust_decimal",
+ "thiserror",
  "tokenizer",
 ]
 
@@ -327,6 +343,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fnv"
+version = "1.0.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3f9eec918d3f24069decb9af1554cad7c880e2da24a9afd88aca000531ab82c1"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "funty"
 version = "2.0.0"
@@ -376,6 +398,15 @@ name = "helpers"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
+ "lsp-types",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "il"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "helpers",
+ "rust_decimal",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -434,6 +465,40 @@ version = "0.2.178"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "37c93d8daa9d8a012fd8ab92f088405fb202ea0b6ab73ee2482ae66af4f42091"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "logos"
+version = "0.16.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a790d11254054e5dc83902dba85d253ff06ceb0cfafb12be8773435cb9dfb4f4"
+dependencies = [
+ "logos-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "logos-codegen"
+version = "0.16.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f60337c43a38313b58871f8d5d76872b8e17aa9d51fad494b5e76092c0ce05f5"
+dependencies = [
+ "beef",
+ "fnv",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "regex-automata",
+ "regex-syntax",
+ "rustc_version",
+ "syn 2.0.111",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "logos-derive"
+version = "0.16.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d151b2ae667f69e10b8738f5cac0c746faa22b2e15ea7e83b55476afec3767dc"
+dependencies = [
+ "logos-codegen",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lsp-types"
 version = "0.97.0"
@@ -508,6 +573,16 @@ version = "1.70.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "384b8ab6d37215f3c5301a95a4accb5d64aa607f1fcb26a11b5303878451b4fe"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "optimizer"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "helpers",
+ "il",
+ "rust_decimal",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "parser"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -516,7 +591,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "helpers",
  "lsp-types",
  "pretty_assertions",
- "quick-error",
+ "safer-ffi",
+ "thiserror",
  "tokenizer",
 ]
 
@@ -593,12 +669,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "quick-error"
-version = "2.0.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a993555f31e5a609f617c12db6250dedcac1b0a85076912c436e6fc9b2c8e6a3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "quote"
 version = "1.0.42"
@@ -644,6 +714,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-automata"
+version = "0.4.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5276caf25ac86c8d810222b3dbb938e512c55c6831a10f3e6ed1c93b84041f1c"
+dependencies = [
+ "aho-corasick",
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-syntax",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "regex-syntax"
+version = "0.8.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7a2d987857b319362043e95f5353c0535c1f58eec5336fdfcf626430af7def58"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rend"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -843,17 +930,18 @@ checksum = "e3a9fe34e3e7a50316060351f37187a3f546bce95496156754b601a5fa71b76e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.3.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
  "compiler",
  "helpers",
  "lsp-types",
+ "optimizer",
  "parser",
- "quick-error",
  "rust_decimal",
  "safer-ffi",
+ "thiserror",
  "tokenizer",
 ]
 
@@ -926,6 +1014,26 @@ version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "55937e1799185b12863d447f42597ed69d9928686b8d88a1df17376a097d8369"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "thiserror"
+version = "2.0.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f63587ca0f12b72a0600bcba1d40081f830876000bb46dd2337a3051618f4fc8"
+dependencies = [
+ "thiserror-impl",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "thiserror-impl"
+version = "2.0.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3ff15c8ecd7de3849db632e14d18d2571fa09dfc5ed93479bc4485c7a517c913"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.111",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tinyvec"
 version = "1.10.0"
@@ -947,9 +1055,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "helpers",
+ "logos",
  "lsp-types",
- "quick-error",
  "rust_decimal",
+ "thiserror",
 ]
 
 [[package]]

rust_compiler/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 [package]
 name = "slang"
-version = "0.1.1"
+version = "0.3.1"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [workspace]
 members = ["libs/*"]
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-quick-error = "2"
+thiserror = "2"
 rust_decimal = "1"
-safer-ffi = { version = "0.1" }  # Safely share structs in memory between C# and Rust
+safer-ffi = { version = "0.1" }                         # Safely share structs in memory between C# and Rust
-lsp-types = { version = "0.97" } # Allows for LSP style reporting to the frontend
+lsp-types = { version = "0.97" }                        # Allows for LSP style reporting to the frontend
-crc32fast = "1.5"                # This is for `HASH(..)` calls to be optimized away
+crc32fast = "1.5"                                       # This is for `HASH(..)` calls to be optimized away
+anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }
 
 [features]
 headers = ["safer-ffi/headers"]
@@ -36,13 +37,14 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib", "rlib"]
 [dependencies]
 clap = { version = "^4.5", features = ["derive"] }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
 tokenizer = { path = "libs/tokenizer" }
 parser = { path = "libs/parser" }
 compiler = { path = "libs/compiler" }
 helpers = { path = "libs/helpers" }
+optimizer = { path = "libs/optimizer" }
 safer-ffi = { workspace = true }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-anyhow = { version = "^1.0", features = ["backtrace"] }

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 parser = { path = "../parser" }
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+il = { path = "../il" }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
 

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ mod test;
 mod v1;
 mod variable_manager;
 
-pub use v1::{Compiler, CompilerConfig, Error};
+pub use v1::{CompilationResult, Compiler, CompilerConfig, Error};

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/binary_expression.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 use crate::compile;
+use anyhow::Result;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 
 #[test]
-fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn simple_binary_expression() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 3 #i
+            move r8 3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ fn simple_binary_expression() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn nested_binary_expressions() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -44,13 +45,15 @@ fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             calculateArgs:
-            pop r8 #arg3
+            pop r8
-            pop r9 #arg2
+            pop r9
-            pop r10 #arg1
+            pop r10
             push ra
             add r1 r10 r9
             mul r2 r1 r8
             move r15 r2
+            j L1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
@@ -60,9 +63,9 @@ fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             push 20
             push 30
             jal calculateArgs
-            move r1 r15 #__binary_temp_3
+            move r1 r15
             add r2 r1 100
-            move r8 r2 #returned
+            move r8 r2
             "
         }
     );
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ fn nested_binary_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 -123 #negationHell
+            move r8 -123
             "
         }
     );
@@ -94,7 +97,7 @@ fn stress_test_constant_folding() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         r#"
@@ -113,7 +116,59 @@ fn test_constant_folding_with_variables_mixed_in() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             mul r2 373.2 r1
             sub r3 1 r2
             add r4 r3 518.15
-            move r8 r4 #i
+            move r8 r4
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let i = 1 > 2 ? 15 : 20;
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            sgt r1 1 2
+            select r2 r1 15 20
+            move r8 r2
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression_assignment() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let i = 0;
+        i = 1 > 2 ? 15 : 20;
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 0
+            sgt r1 1 2
+            select r2 r1 15 20
+            move r8 r2
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/branching.rs

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ fn test_if_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 10 #a
+            move r8 10
             sgt r1 r8 5
-            beq r1 0 L1
+            beqz r1 L1
-            move r8 20 #a
+            move r8 20
             L1:
             "
         }
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ fn test_if_else_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             sgt r1 10 5
-            beq r1 0 L2
+            beqz r1 L2
-            move r8 1 #a
+            move r8 1
             j L1
             L2:
-            move r8 2 #a
+            move r8 2
             L1:
             "
         }
@@ -89,18 +89,18 @@ fn test_if_else_if_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             seq r1 r8 1
-            beq r1 0 L2
+            beqz r1 L2
-            move r8 10 #a
+            move r8 10
             j L1
             L2:
             seq r2 r8 2
-            beq r2 0 L4
+            beqz r2 L4
-            move r8 20 #a
+            move r8 20
             j L3
             L4:
-            move r8 30 #a
+            move r8 30
             L3:
             L1:
             "
@@ -136,18 +136,18 @@ fn test_spilled_variable_update_in_branch() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #a
+            move r8 1
-            move r9 2 #b
+            move r9 2
-            move r10 3 #c
+            move r10 3
-            move r11 4 #d
+            move r11 4
-            move r12 5 #e
+            move r12 5
-            move r13 6 #f
+            move r13 6
-            move r14 7 #g
+            move r14 7
-            push 8 #h
+            push 8
             seq r1 r8 1
-            beq r1 0 L1
+            beqz r1 L1
             sub r0 sp 1
-            put db r0 99 #h
+            put db r0 99
             L1:
             sub sp sp 1
             "

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/declaration_function_invocation.rs

@@ -17,13 +17,14 @@ fn no_arguments() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         j main
         doSomething:
         push ra
+        L1:
         sub r0 sp 1
         get ra db r0
         sub sp sp 1
         j ra
         main:
         jal doSomething
-        move r8 r15 #i
+        move r8 r15
         "
     };
 
@@ -34,14 +35,17 @@ fn no_arguments() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
 #[test]
 fn let_var_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    // !IMPORTANT this needs to be stabilized as it currently incorrectly calculates sp offset at
-    // both ends of the cleanup lifecycle
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
-        fn doSomething(arg1) {};
+        fn mul2(arg1) {
-        let arg1 = 123;
+            return arg1 * 2;
-        let i = doSomething(arg1);
+        };
+        loop {
+            let arg1 = 123;
+            let i = mul2(arg1);
+            i = i ** 2;
+        }
         "
     };
 
@@ -50,23 +54,31 @@ fn let_var_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {
             "
             j main
-            doSomething:
+            mul2:
-            pop r8 #arg1
+            pop r8
             push ra
+            mul r1 r8 2
+            move r15 r1
+            j L1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #arg1
+            L2:
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push r8
-            jal doSomething
+            jal mul2
             sub r0 sp 1
             get r8 db r0
             sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #i
+            move r9 r15
-            sub sp sp 1
+            pow r1 r9 2
+            move r9 r1
+            j L2
+            L3:
             "
         }
     );
@@ -97,7 +109,9 @@ fn inline_literal_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile! {
         debug
         "
-        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2) {};
+        fn doSomething(arg1, arg2) {
+            return 5;
+        };
         let thisVariableShouldStayInPlace = 123;
         let returnedValue = doSomething(12, 34);
         "
@@ -109,15 +123,18 @@ fn inline_literal_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
+            pop r8
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r9
             push ra
+            move r15 5
+            j L1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #thisVariableShouldStayInPlace
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push 12
             push 34
@@ -125,8 +142,7 @@ fn inline_literal_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             sub r0 sp 1
             get r8 db r0
             sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #returnedValue
+            move r9 r15
-            sub sp sp 1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -151,15 +167,16 @@ fn mixed_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
+            pop r8
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r9
             push ra
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
             j ra
             main:
-            move r8 123 #arg1
+            move r8 123
             push r8
             push r8
             push 456
@@ -167,8 +184,7 @@ fn mixed_args() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             sub r0 sp 1
             get r8 db r0
             sub sp sp 1
-            move r9 r15 #returnValue
+            move r9 r15
-            sub sp sp 1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -195,9 +211,11 @@ fn with_return_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg1
+            pop r8
             push ra
-            move r15 456 #returnValue
+            move r15 456
+            j L1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
@@ -205,7 +223,7 @@ fn with_return_statement() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             main:
             push 123
             jal doSomething
-            move r8 r15 #returned
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -232,14 +250,15 @@ fn with_negative_return_literal() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             doSomething:
             push ra
-            move r15 -1 #returnValue
+            move r15 -1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
             j ra
             main:
             jal doSomething
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/declaration_literal.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ fn variable_declaration_numeric_literal() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 293.15 #i
+            move r8 293.15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ fn variable_declaration_numeric_literal_stack_spillover() -> anyhow::Result<()>
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
-            move r9 1 #b
+            move r9 1
-            move r10 2 #c
+            move r10 2
-            move r11 3 #d
+            move r11 3
-            move r12 4 #e
+            move r12 4
-            move r13 5 #f
+            move r13 5
-            move r14 6 #g
+            move r14 6
-            push 7 #h
+            push 7
-            push 8 #i
+            push 8
-            push 9 #j
+            push 9
             sub sp sp 3
             "
         }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fn variable_declaration_negative() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 -1 #i
+            move r8 -1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ fn test_boolean_declaration() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #t
+            move r8 1
-            move r9 0 #f
+            move r9 0
             "
         }
     );
@@ -132,14 +132,16 @@ fn test_boolean_return() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             getTrue:
             push ra
-            move r15 1 #returnValue
+            move r15 1
+            j L1
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1
             j ra
             main:
             jal getTrue
-            move r8 r15 #val
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/function_declaration.rs

@@ -13,14 +13,15 @@ fn test_function_declaration_with_spillover_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {"
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg9
+            pop r8
-            pop r9 #arg8
+            pop r9
-            pop r10 #arg7
+            pop r10
-            pop r11 #arg6
+            pop r11
-            pop r12 #arg5
+            pop r12
-            pop r13 #arg4
+            pop r13
-            pop r14 #arg3
+            pop r14
             push ra
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 3
@@ -31,6 +32,48 @@ fn test_function_declaration_with_spillover_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn test_early_return() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile!(debug r#"
+        // This is a test function declaration with no body
+        fn doSomething() {
+            if (1 == 1) {
+                return;
+            }
+            let i = 1 + 2;
+            return;
+        };
+        doSomething();
+    "#);
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            doSomething:
+            push ra
+            seq r1 1 1
+            beqz r1 L2
+            j L1
+            L2:
+            move r8 3
+            j L1
+            L1:
+            sub r0 sp 1
+            get ra db r0
+            sub sp sp 1
+            j ra
+            main:
+            jal doSomething
+            move r1 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_function_declaration_with_register_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let compiled = compile!(debug r#"
@@ -44,9 +87,10 @@ fn test_function_declaration_with_register_params() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         indoc! {"
             j main
             doSomething:
-            pop r8 #arg2
+            pop r8
-            pop r9 #arg1
+            pop r9
             push ra
+            L1:
             sub r0 sp 1
             get ra db r0
             sub sp sp 1

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/logic_expression.rs

@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ fn test_comparison_expressions() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sgt r1 10 5
-            move r8 r1 #isGreater
+            move r8 r1
             slt r2 5 10
-            move r9 r2 #isLess
+            move r9 r2
             seq r3 5 5
-            move r10 r3 #isEqual
+            move r10 r3
             sne r4 5 10
-            move r11 r4 #isNotEqual
+            move r11 r4
             sge r5 10 10
-            move r12 r5 #isGreaterOrEqual
+            move r12 r5
             sle r6 5 5
-            move r13 r6 #isLessOrEqual
+            move r13 r6
             "
         }
     );
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ fn test_logical_and_or_not() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             and r1 1 1
-            move r8 r1 #logic1
+            move r8 r1
             or r2 1 0
-            move r9 r2 #logic2
+            move r9 r2
             seq r3 1 0
-            move r10 r3 #logic3
+            move r10 r3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ fn test_complex_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             sgt r1 10 5
             slt r2 5 10
             and r3 r1 r2
-            move r8 r3 #logic
+            move r8 r3
             "
         }
     );
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ fn test_math_with_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sgt r1 3 1
-            move r8 r1 #logic
+            move r8 r1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ fn test_boolean_in_logic() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             and r1 1 0
-            move r8 r1 #res
+            move r8 r1
             "
         }
     );
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ fn test_invert_a_boolean() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 1 #i
+            move r8 1
             seq r1 r8 0
-            move r9 r1 #y
+            move r9 r1
             seq r2 r9 0
-            move r10 r2 #result
+            move r10 r2
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/loops.rs

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ fn test_infinite_loop() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
+            move r8 r1
             j L1
             L2:
             "
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ fn test_loop_break() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
+            move r8 r1
             sgt r2 r8 10
-            beq r2 0 L3
+            beqz r2 L3
             j L2
             L3:
             j L1
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ fn test_while_loop() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             L1:
             slt r1 r8 10
-            beq r1 0 L2
+            beqz r1 L2
             add r2 r8 1
-            move r8 r2 #a
+            move r8 r2
             j L1
             L2:
             "
@@ -130,12 +130,12 @@ fn test_loop_continue() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 0 #a
+            move r8 0
             L1:
             add r1 r8 1
-            move r8 r1 #a
+            move r8 r1
             slt r2 r8 5
-            beq r2 0 L3
+            beqz r2 L3
             j L1
             L3:
             j L2

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/math_syscall.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ fn test_acos() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             acos r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ fn test_asin() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             asin r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ fn test_atan() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             atan r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ fn test_atan2() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             atan2 r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fn test_abs() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             abs r15 -123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ fn test_ceil() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             ceil r15 123.90
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ fn test_cos() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             cos r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ fn test_floor() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             floor r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ fn test_log() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             log r15 123
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -235,7 +235,33 @@ fn test_max() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             max r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_max_from_game() -> Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        let item = 0;
+        item = max(1 + 2, 2);
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            move r8 0
+            max r15 3 2
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -259,7 +285,7 @@ fn test_min() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             min r15 123 456
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -283,7 +309,7 @@ fn test_rand() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             rand r15
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -307,7 +333,7 @@ fn test_sin() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sin r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -331,7 +357,7 @@ fn test_sqrt() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sqrt r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -355,7 +381,7 @@ fn test_tan() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             tan r15 3
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );
@@ -379,7 +405,7 @@ fn test_trunc() -> Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             trunc r15 3.234
-            move r8 r15 #i
+            move r8 r15
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/mod.rs

@@ -12,31 +12,29 @@ macro_rules! compile {
         let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = ::Compiler::new(
             parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
-            &mut writer,
             None,
         );
-        compiler.compile();
+        let res = compiler.compile();
+        res.instructions.write(&mut writer)?;
         output!(writer)
     }};
 
     (result $source:expr) => {{
-        let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
-            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
+            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
-            &mut writer,
             Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
         );
-        compiler.compile()
+        compiler.compile().errors
     }};
 
     (debug $source:expr) => {{
         let mut writer = std::io::BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
         let compiler = crate::Compiler::new(
-            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from(String::from($source))),
+            parser::Parser::new(tokenizer::Tokenizer::from($source)),
-            &mut writer,
             Some(crate::CompilerConfig { debug: true }),
         );
-        compiler.compile();
+        let res = compiler.compile();
+        res.instructions.write(&mut writer)?;
         output!(writer)
     }};
 }

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/test/syscall.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ fn test_sleep() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             sleep 3
-            move r8 15 #sleepAmount
+            move r8 15
             sleep r8
             mul r1 r8 2
             sleep r1
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ fn test_set_on_device() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             "
             j main
             main:
-            move r8 293.15 #internalTemp
+            move r8 293.15
             sgt r1 r8 298.15
             s d0 On r1
             "
@@ -150,7 +150,58 @@ fn test_load_from_device() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
             j main
             main:
             l r15 d0 On
-            move r8 r15 #setting
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_load_from_slot() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        device airCon = "d0";
+
+        let setting = ls(airCon, 0, "Occupied");
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            ls r15 d0 0 Occupied
+            move r8 r15
+            "
+        }
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_set_slot() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let compiled = compile! {
+        debug
+        r#"
+        device airCon = "d0";
+
+        ss(airCon, 0, "Occupied", true);
+        "#
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        compiled,
+        indoc! {
+            "
+            j main
+            main:
+            ss d0 0 Occupied 1
             "
         }
     );

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/src/variable_manager.rs

@@ -3,30 +3,31 @@
 // r1 - r7   : Temporary Variables
 // r8 - r14  : Persistant Variables
 
+use helpers::Span;
 use lsp_types::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticSeverity};
-use parser::tree_node::{Literal, Span};
+use parser::tree_node::Literal;
-use quick_error::quick_error;
+use std::{
-use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
+    borrow::Cow,
+    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
+};
+use thiserror::Error;
 
 const TEMP: [u8; 7] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
 const PERSIST: [u8; 7] = [8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14];
 
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum Error<'a> {
-    pub enum Error {
+    #[error("{0} already exists.")]
-        DuplicateVariable(var: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    DuplicateVariable(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
-            display("{var} already exists.")
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0} does not exist.")]
-        UnknownVariable(var: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    UnknownVariable(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
-            display("{var} does not exist.")
+
-        }
+    #[error("{0}")]
-        Unknown(reason: String, span: Option<Span>) {
+    Unknown(Cow<'a, str>, Option<Span>),
-            display("{reason}")
-        }
-    }
 }
 
-impl From<Error> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
+impl<'a> From<Error<'a>> for lsp_types::Diagnostic {
     fn from(value: Error) -> Self {
         match value {
             Error::DuplicateVariable(_, span)
@@ -52,8 +53,8 @@ pub enum LocationRequest {
     Stack,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum VariableLocation {
+pub enum VariableLocation<'a> {
     /// Represents a temporary register (r1 - r7)
     Temporary(u8),
     /// Represents a persistant register (r8 - r14)
@@ -61,20 +62,20 @@ pub enum VariableLocation {
     /// Represents a a stack offset (current stack - offset = variable loc)
     Stack(u16),
     /// Represents a constant value and should be directly substituted as such.
-    Constant(Literal),
+    Constant(Literal<'a>),
     /// Represents a device pin. This will contain the exact `d0-d5` string
-    Device(String),
+    Device(Cow<'a, str>),
 }
 
-pub struct VariableScope<'a> {
+pub struct VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     temporary_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
     persistant_vars: VecDeque<u8>,
-    var_lookup_table: HashMap<String, VariableLocation>,
+    var_lookup_table: HashMap<Cow<'a, str>, VariableLocation<'a>>,
     stack_offset: u16,
-    parent: Option<&'a VariableScope<'a>>,
+    parent: Option<&'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> Default for VariableScope<'a> {
+impl<'a, 'b> Default for VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
             parent: None,
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ impl<'a> Default for VariableScope<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
+impl<'a, 'b> VariableScope<'a, 'b> {
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub const TEMP_REGISTER_COUNT: u8 = 7;
     pub const PERSIST_REGISTER_COUNT: u8 = 7;
@@ -94,22 +95,24 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
     pub const RETURN_REGISTER: u8 = 15;
     pub const TEMP_STACK_REGISTER: u8 = 0;
 
-    pub fn registers(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &u8> {
+    pub fn registers(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        self.var_lookup_table
+        let mut used = Vec::new();
-            .values()
+
-            .filter(|val| {
+        for r in TEMP {
-                matches!(
+            if !self.temporary_vars.contains(&r) {
-                    val,
+                used.push(r);
-                    VariableLocation::Temporary(_) | VariableLocation::Persistant(_)
+            }
-                )
+        }
-            })
+
-            .map(|loc| match loc {
+        for r in PERSIST {
-                VariableLocation::Persistant(reg) | VariableLocation::Temporary(reg) => reg,
+            if !self.persistant_vars.contains(&r) {
-                _ => unreachable!(),
+                used.push(r);
-            })
+            }
+        }
+        used
     }
 
-    pub fn scoped(parent: &'a VariableScope<'a>) -> Self {
+    pub fn scoped(parent: &'b VariableScope<'a, 'b>) -> Self {
         Self {
             parent: Option::Some(parent),
             temporary_vars: parent.temporary_vars.clone(),
@@ -126,12 +129,11 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
     /// to the stack.
     pub fn add_variable(
         &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
         location: LocationRequest,
         span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
+        if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(&var_name) {
-        if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(var_name.as_str()) {
             return Err(Error::DuplicateVariable(var_name, span));
         }
         let var_location = match location {
@@ -166,11 +168,10 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
 
     pub fn define_const(
         &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
-        value: Literal,
+        value: Literal<'a>,
         span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
         if self.var_lookup_table.contains_key(&var_name) {
             return Err(Error::DuplicateVariable(var_name, span));
         }
@@ -183,13 +184,11 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
 
     pub fn get_location_of(
         &self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: &Cow<'a, str>,
         span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<VariableLocation, Error> {
+    ) -> Result<VariableLocation<'a>, Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
-
         // 1. Check this scope
-        if let Some(var) = self.var_lookup_table.get(var_name.as_str()) {
+        if let Some(var) = self.var_lookup_table.get(var_name) {
             if let VariableLocation::Stack(inserted_at_offset) = var {
                 // Return offset relative to CURRENT sp
                 return Ok(VariableLocation::Stack(
@@ -210,7 +209,7 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
             return Ok(loc);
         }
 
-        Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name, span))
+        Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name.clone(), span))
     }
 
     pub fn has_parent(&self) -> bool {
@@ -220,11 +219,10 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn free_temp(
         &mut self,
-        var_name: impl Into<String>,
+        var_name: Cow<'a, str>,
         span: Option<Span>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ) -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
-        let var_name = var_name.into();
+        let Some(location) = self.var_lookup_table.remove(&var_name) else {
-        let Some(location) = self.var_lookup_table.remove(var_name.as_str()) else {
             return Err(Error::UnknownVariable(var_name, span));
         };
 
@@ -234,7 +232,7 @@ impl<'a> VariableScope<'a> {
             }
             VariableLocation::Persistant(_) => {
                 return Err(Error::UnknownVariable(
-                    String::from("Attempted to free a `let` variable."),
+                    Cow::from("Attempted to free a `let` variable."),
                     span,
                 ));
             }

rust_compiler/libs/compiler/test_files/script.slang

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Pressure numbers are in KPa
+
+device self = "db";
+device emergencyRelief = "d0";
+device greenhouseSensor = "d1";
+device recycleValve = "d2";
+
+const MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 80;
+const MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP = 28c;
+const MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE = 75;
+const MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP = 25c;
+const daylightSensor = 1076425094;
+const growLight = hash("StructureGrowLight");
+const wallLight = hash("StructureLightLong");
+const lightRound = hash("StructureLightRound");
+
+let shouldPurge = false;
+
+loop {
+  let interiorPress = greenhouseSensor.Pressure;
+  let interiorTemp = greenhouseSensor.Temperature;
+  
+  shouldPurge = (
+    interiorPress > MAX_INTERIOR_PRESSURE ||
+    interiorTemp > MAX_INTERIOR_TEMP
+    ) || shouldPurge;
+
+  emergencyRelief.On = shouldPurge;
+  recycleValve.On = !shouldPurge;
+
+  if (shouldPurge && (interiorPress < MIN_INTERIOR_PRESSURE && interiorTemp < MIN_INTERIOR_TEMP)) {
+    shouldPurge = false;
+  }
+
+  let solarAngle = lb(daylightSensor, "SolarAngle", "Average");
+  let isDaylight = solarAngle < 90;
+
+  sb(growLight, "On", isDaylight);
+  sb(wallLight, "On", !isDaylight);
+  sb(lightRound, "On", !isDaylight);
+}

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
 crc32fast = { workspace = true }
+lsp-types = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,44 @@ mod helper_funcs;
 mod macros;
 mod syscall;
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Span {
+    pub start_line: usize,
+    pub end_line: usize,
+    pub start_col: usize,
+    pub end_col: usize,
+}
+
+impl From<Span> for lsp_types::Range {
+    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.start_line as u32,
+                character: value.start_col as u32,
+            },
+            end: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.end_line as u32,
+                character: value.end_col as u32,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&Span> for lsp_types::Range {
+    fn from(value: &Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.start_line as u32,
+                character: value.start_col as u32,
+            },
+            end: lsp_types::Position {
+                line: value.end_line as u32,
+                character: value.end_col as u32,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// This trait will allow the LSP to emit documentation for various tokens and expressions.
 /// You can easily create documentation for large enums with the `documented!` macro.
 pub trait Documentation {

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/macros.rs

@@ -3,15 +3,10 @@ macro_rules! documented {
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Internal Helper: Filter doc comments
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    // Case 1: Doc comment. Return Some("string").
-    // We match the specific structure of a doc attribute.
     (@doc_filter #[doc = $doc:expr]) => {
         Some($doc)
     };
 
-    // Case 2: Other attributes (derives, etc.). Return None.
-    // We catch any other token sequence inside the brackets.
     (@doc_filter #[$($attr:tt)*]) => {
         None
     };
@@ -30,23 +25,59 @@ macro_rules! documented {
     };
 
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Main Macro Entry Point
+    // Entry Point 1: Enum with a single Lifetime (e.g. enum Foo<'a>)
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    (
+        $(#[$enum_attr:meta])* $vis:vis enum $name:ident < $lt:lifetime > {
+            $($body:tt)*
+        }
+    ) => {
+        documented!(@generate
+            meta: [$(#[$enum_attr])*],
+            vis: [$vis],
+            name: [$name],
+            generics: [<$lt>],
+            body: [$($body)*]
+        );
+    };
+
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Entry Point 2: Regular Enum (No Generics)
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
     (
         $(#[$enum_attr:meta])* $vis:vis enum $name:ident {
+            $($body:tt)*
+        }
+    ) => {
+        documented!(@generate
+            meta: [$(#[$enum_attr])*],
+            vis: [$vis],
+            name: [$name],
+            generics: [],
+            body: [$($body)*]
+        );
+    };
+
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // Code Generator (Shared Logic)
+    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    (@generate
+        meta: [$(#[$enum_attr:meta])*],
+        vis: [$vis:vis],
+        name: [$name:ident],
+        generics: [$($generics:tt)*],
+        body: [
             $(
-                // Capture attributes as a sequence of token trees inside brackets
-                // to avoid "local ambiguity" and handle multi-token attributes (like doc="...").
                 $(#[ $($variant_attr:tt)* ])*
                 $variant:ident
                 $( ($($tuple:tt)*) )?
                 $( {$($structure:tt)*} )?
             ),* $(,)?
-        }
+        ]
     ) => {
-        // 1. Generate the actual Enum definition
+        // 1. Generate the Enum Definition
         $(#[$enum_attr])*
-        $vis enum $name {
+        $vis enum $name $($generics)* {
             $(
                 $(#[ $($variant_attr)* ])*
                 $variant
@@ -55,20 +86,19 @@ macro_rules! documented {
             )*
         }
 
-        // 2. Implement the Documentation Trait
+        // 2. Implement Documentation Trait
-        impl Documentation for $name {
+        // We apply the captured generics (e.g., <'a>) to both the impl and the type
+        impl $($generics)* Documentation for $name $($generics)* {
             fn docs(&self) -> String {
                 match self {
                     $(
                         documented!(@arm $name $variant $( ($($tuple)*) )? $( {$($structure)*} )? ) => {
-                            // Create a temporary array of Option<&str> for all attributes
                             let doc_lines: &[Option<&str>] = &[
                                 $(
                                     documented!(@doc_filter #[ $($variant_attr)* ])
                                 ),*
                             ];
 
-                            // Filter out the Nones (non-doc attributes), join, and return
                             doc_lines.iter()
                                 .filter_map(|&d| d)
                                 .collect::<Vec<_>>()
@@ -80,7 +110,6 @@ macro_rules! documented {
                 }
             }
 
-            // 3. Implement Static Documentation Provider
             #[allow(dead_code)]
             fn get_all_documentation() -> Vec<(&'static str, String)> {
                 vec![
@@ -88,7 +117,6 @@ macro_rules! documented {
                         (
                             stringify!($variant),
                             {
-                                // Re-use the same extraction logic
                                 let doc_lines: &[Option<&str>] = &[
                                     $(
                                         documented!(@doc_filter #[ $($variant_attr)* ])

rust_compiler/libs/helpers/src/syscall.rs

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ macro_rules! with_syscalls {
             "load",
             "loadBatched",
             "loadBatchedNamed",
+            "loadSlot",
             "set",
             "setBatched",
             "setBatchedNamed",
+            "setSlot",
             "acos",
             "asin",
             "atan",
@@ -32,9 +34,11 @@ macro_rules! with_syscalls {
             "l",
             "lb",
             "lbn",
+            "ls",
             "s",
             "sb",
-            "sbn"
+            "sbn",
+            "ss"
         );
     };
 }

rust_compiler/libs/il/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "il"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+rust_decimal = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/il/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+use helpers::Span;
+use rust_decimal::Decimal;
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io::{BufWriter, Write};
+use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct Instructions<'a>(Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>);
+
+impl<'a> Deref for Instructions<'a> {
+    type Target = Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> DerefMut for Instructions<'a> {
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
+        &mut self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Instructions<'a> {
+    pub fn new(instructions: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> Self {
+        Self(instructions)
+    }
+    pub fn into_inner(self) -> Vec<InstructionNode<'a>> {
+        self.0
+    }
+    pub fn write<W: Write>(self, writer: &mut BufWriter<W>) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+        for node in self.0 {
+            writer.write_all(node.to_string().as_bytes())?;
+            writer.write_all(b"\n")?;
+        }
+
+        writer.flush()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    pub fn source_map(&self) -> HashMap<usize, Span> {
+        let mut map = HashMap::new();
+
+        for (line_num, node) in self.0.iter().enumerate() {
+            if let Some(span) = node.span {
+                map.insert(line_num, span);
+            }
+        }
+
+        map
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Instructions<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        for node in &self.0 {
+            writeln!(f, "{node}")?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct InstructionNode<'a> {
+    pub instruction: Instruction<'a>,
+    pub span: Option<Span>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for InstructionNode<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.instruction)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> InstructionNode<'a> {
+    pub fn new(instr: Instruction<'a>, span: Option<Span>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            span,
+            instruction: instr,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents the different types of operands available in IC10.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Operand<'a> {
+    /// A hardware register (r0-r15)
+    Register(u8),
+    /// A device alias or direct connection (d0-d5, db)
+    Device(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// A numeric literal (integer or float)
+    Number(Decimal),
+    /// A label used for jumping
+    Label(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// A logic type string (e.g., "Temperature", "Open")
+    LogicType(Cow<'a, str>),
+    /// Special register: Stack Pointer
+    StackPointer,
+    /// Special register: Return Address
+    ReturnAddress,
+}
+
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for Operand<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Operand::Register(r) => write!(f, "r{}", r),
+            Operand::Device(d) => write!(f, "{}", d),
+            Operand::Number(n) => write!(f, "{}", n),
+            Operand::Label(l) => write!(f, "{}", l),
+            Operand::LogicType(t) => write!(f, "{}", t),
+            Operand::StackPointer => write!(f, "sp"),
+            Operand::ReturnAddress => write!(f, "ra"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Represents a single IC10 MIPS instruction.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Instruction<'a> {
+    /// `move dst val` - Copy value to register
+    Move(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `add dst a b` - Addition
+    Add(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sub dst a b` - Subtraction
+    Sub(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `mul dst a b` - Multiplication
+    Mul(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `div dst a b` - Division
+    Div(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `mod dst a b` - Modulo
+    Mod(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `pow dst a b` - Power
+    Pow(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `acos dst a`
+    Acos(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `asin dst a`
+    Asin(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `atan dst a`
+    Atan(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `atan2 dst a b`
+    Atan2(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `abs dst a`
+    Abs(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ceil dst a`
+    Ceil(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `cos dst a`
+    Cos(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `floor dst a`
+    Floor(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `log dst a`
+    Log(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `max dst a b`
+    Max(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `min dst a b`
+    Min(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `rand dst`
+    Rand(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sin dst a`
+    Sin(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sqrt dst a`
+    Sqrt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `tan dst a`
+    Tan(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `trunc dst a`
+    Trunc(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `l register device type` - Load from device
+    Load(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `s device type value` - Set on device
+    Store(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `ls register device slot type` - Load Slot
+    LoadSlot(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ss device slot type value` - Set Slot
+    StoreSlot(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `lb register deviceHash type batchMode` - Load Batch
+    LoadBatch(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sb deviceHash type value` - Set Batch
+    StoreBatch(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `lbn register deviceHash nameHash type batchMode` - Load Batch Named
+    LoadBatchNamed(
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+        Operand<'a>,
+    ),
+    /// `sbn deviceHash nameHash type value` - Set Batch Named
+    StoreBatchNamed(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `j label` - Unconditional Jump
+    Jump(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `jal label` - Jump and Link (Function Call)
+    JumpAndLink(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `jr offset` - Jump Relative
+    JumpRelative(Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `beq a b label` - Branch if Equal
+    BranchEq(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bne a b label` - Branch if Not Equal
+    BranchNe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bgt a b label` - Branch if Greater Than
+    BranchGt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `blt a b label` - Branch if Less Than
+    BranchLt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bge a b label` - Branch if Greater or Equal
+    BranchGe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `ble a b label` - Branch if Less or Equal
+    BranchLe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `beqz a label` - Branch if Equal Zero
+    BranchEqZero(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `bnez a label` - Branch if Not Equal Zero
+    BranchNeZero(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `seq dst a b` - Set if Equal
+    SetEq(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sne dst a b` - Set if Not Equal
+    SetNe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sgt dst a b` - Set if Greater Than
+    SetGt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `slt dst a b` - Set if Less Than
+    SetLt(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sge dst a b` - Set if Greater or Equal
+    SetGe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `sle dst a b` - Set if Less or Equal
+    SetLe(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `and dst a b` - Logical AND
+    And(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `or dst a b` - Logical OR
+    Or(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `xor dst a b` - Logical XOR
+    Xor(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `push val` - Push to Stack
+    Push(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `pop dst` - Pop from Stack
+    Pop(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `peek dst` - Peek from Stack (Usually sp - 1)
+    Peek(Operand<'a>),
+    /// `get dst dev num`
+    Get(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// put dev addr val
+    Put(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `select dst cond a b` - Ternary Select
+    Select(Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>, Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `yield` - Pause execution
+    Yield,
+    /// `sleep val` - Sleep for seconds
+    Sleep(Operand<'a>),
+
+    /// `alias name target` - Define Alias (Usually handled by compiler, but good for IR)
+    Alias(Cow<'a, str>, Operand<'a>),
+    /// `define name val` - Define Constant (Usually handled by compiler)
+    Define(Cow<'a, str>, f64),
+
+    /// A label definition `Label:`
+    LabelDef(Cow<'a, str>),
+
+    /// A comment `# text`
+    Comment(Cow<'a, str>),
+}
+
+impl<'a> fmt::Display for Instruction<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Instruction::Move(dst, val) => write!(f, "move {} {}", dst, val),
+            Instruction::Add(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "add {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Sub(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sub {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Mul(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "mul {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Div(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "div {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Mod(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "mod {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Pow(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "pow {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Acos(dst, a) => write!(f, "acos {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Asin(dst, a) => write!(f, "asin {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Atan(dst, a) => write!(f, "atan {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Atan2(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "atan2 {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Abs(dst, a) => write!(f, "abs {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Ceil(dst, a) => write!(f, "ceil {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Cos(dst, a) => write!(f, "cos {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Floor(dst, a) => write!(f, "floor {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Log(dst, a) => write!(f, "log {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Max(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "max {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Min(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "min {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Rand(dst) => write!(f, "rand {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Sin(dst, a) => write!(f, "sin {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Sqrt(dst, a) => write!(f, "sqrt {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Tan(dst, a) => write!(f, "tan {} {}", dst, a),
+            Instruction::Trunc(dst, a) => write!(f, "trunc {} {}", dst, a),
+
+            Instruction::Load(reg, dev, typ) => write!(f, "l {} {} {}", reg, dev, typ),
+            Instruction::Store(dev, typ, val) => write!(f, "s {} {} {}", dev, typ, val),
+            Instruction::LoadSlot(reg, dev, slot, typ) => {
+                write!(f, "ls {} {} {} {}", reg, dev, slot, typ)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreSlot(dev, slot, typ, val) => {
+                write!(f, "ss {} {} {} {}", dev, slot, typ, val)
+            }
+            Instruction::LoadBatch(reg, hash, typ, mode) => {
+                write!(f, "lb {} {} {} {}", reg, hash, typ, mode)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreBatch(hash, typ, val) => write!(f, "sb {} {} {}", hash, typ, val),
+            Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(reg, d_hash, n_hash, typ, mode) => {
+                write!(f, "lbn {} {} {} {} {}", reg, d_hash, n_hash, typ, mode)
+            }
+            Instruction::StoreBatchNamed(d_hash, n_hash, typ, val) => {
+                write!(f, "sbn {} {} {} {}", d_hash, n_hash, typ, val)
+            }
+            Instruction::Jump(lbl) => write!(f, "j {}", lbl),
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(lbl) => write!(f, "jal {}", lbl),
+            Instruction::JumpRelative(off) => write!(f, "jr {}", off),
+            Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "beq {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bne {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bgt {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "blt {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "bge {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, lbl) => write!(f, "ble {} {} {}", a, b, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, lbl) => write!(f, "beqz {} {}", a, lbl),
+            Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, lbl) => write!(f, "bnez {} {}", a, lbl),
+            Instruction::SetEq(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "seq {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetNe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sne {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetGt(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sgt {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetLt(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "slt {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetGe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sge {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::SetLe(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "sle {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::And(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "and {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Or(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "or {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Xor(dst, a, b) => write!(f, "xor {} {} {}", dst, a, b),
+            Instruction::Push(val) => write!(f, "push {}", val),
+            Instruction::Pop(dst) => write!(f, "pop {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Peek(dst) => write!(f, "peek {}", dst),
+            Instruction::Get(dst, dev, val) => write!(f, "get {} {} {}", dst, dev, val),
+            Instruction::Put(dev, addr, val) => write!(f, "put {} {} {}", dev, addr, val),
+            Instruction::Select(dst, cond, a, b) => {
+                write!(f, "select {} {} {} {}", dst, cond, a, b)
+            }
+            Instruction::Yield => write!(f, "yield"),
+            Instruction::Sleep(val) => write!(f, "sleep {}", val),
+            Instruction::Alias(name, target) => write!(f, "alias {} {}", name, target),
+            Instruction::Define(name, val) => write!(f, "define {} {}", name, val),
+            Instruction::LabelDef(lbl) => write!(f, "{}:", lbl),
+            Instruction::Comment(c) => write!(f, "# {}", c),
+        }
+    }
+}

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[package]
+name = "optimizer"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+il = { path = "../il" }
+helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/src/leaf_function.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+use il::{Instruction, InstructionNode};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+
+/// Scans the instruction set to identify "leaf functions".
+/// A leaf function is defined as a function (delimited by LabelDefs) that does not
+/// contain any `jal` (JumpAndLink) instructions.
+///
+/// Returns a Set containing the names of all identified leaf functions.
+pub fn find_leaf_functions(instructions: &[InstructionNode]) -> HashSet<String> {
+    let mut leaf_functions = HashSet::new();
+    let mut current_label: Option<String> = None;
+    let mut is_current_leaf = true;
+
+    for node in instructions {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(label) => {
+                // If we were tracking a function, and it remained a leaf until now, save it.
+                if let Some(name) = current_label.take()
+                    && is_current_leaf
+                {
+                    leaf_functions.insert(name);
+                }
+
+                // Start tracking the new function
+                current_label = Some(label.to_string());
+                is_current_leaf = true;
+            }
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(_) => {
+                // If we see a JAL, this function is NOT a leaf.
+                is_current_leaf = false;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handle the final function in the file
+    if let Some(name) = current_label
+        && is_current_leaf
+    {
+        leaf_functions.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    leaf_functions
+}

rust_compiler/libs/optimizer/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,868 @@
+use il::{Instruction, InstructionNode, Instructions, Operand};
+use rust_decimal::Decimal;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+
+mod leaf_function;
+use leaf_function::find_leaf_functions;
+
+/// Entry point for the optimizer.
+pub fn optimize<'a>(instructions: Instructions<'a>) -> Instructions<'a> {
+    let mut instructions = instructions.into_inner();
+    let mut changed = true;
+    let mut pass_count = 0;
+    const MAX_PASSES: usize = 10;
+
+    // Iterative passes for code simplification
+    while changed && pass_count < MAX_PASSES {
+        changed = false;
+        pass_count += 1;
+
+        // Pass 1: Constant Propagation
+        let (new_inst, c1) = constant_propagation(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c1;
+
+        // Pass 2: Register Forwarding (Intermediate Move Elimination)
+        let (new_inst, c2) = register_forwarding(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c2;
+
+        // Pass 3: Function Call Optimization (Remove unused push/pop around calls)
+        let (new_inst, c3) = optimize_function_calls(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c3;
+
+        // Pass 4: Leaf Function Optimization (Remove RA save/restore for leaf functions)
+        // This is separate from pass 3 as it deals with the function *definition*, not the call site.
+        let (new_inst, c4) = optimize_leaf_functions(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c4;
+
+        // Pass 5: Redundant Move Elimination
+        let (new_inst, c5) = remove_redundant_moves(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c5;
+
+        // Pass 6: Dead Code Elimination
+        let (new_inst, c6) = remove_unreachable_code(instructions);
+        instructions = new_inst;
+        changed |= c6;
+    }
+
+    // Final Pass: Resolve Labels to Line Numbers
+    Instructions::new(resolve_labels(instructions))
+}
+
+/// Helper: Check if a function body contains unsafe stack manipulation.
+/// Returns true if the function modifies SP in a way that makes static RA offset analysis unsafe.
+fn function_has_complex_stack_ops(
+    instructions: &[InstructionNode],
+    start_idx: usize,
+    end_idx: usize,
+) -> bool {
+    for instruction in instructions.iter().take(end_idx).skip(start_idx) {
+        match instruction.instruction {
+            Instruction::Push(_) | Instruction::Pop(_) => return true,
+            // Check for explicit SP modification
+            Instruction::Add(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Sub(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Mul(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Div(Operand::StackPointer, _, _)
+            | Instruction::Move(Operand::StackPointer, _) => return true,
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+/// Pass: Leaf Function Optimization
+/// If a function makes no calls (is a leaf), it doesn't need to save/restore `ra`.
+fn optimize_leaf_functions<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let leaves = find_leaf_functions(&input);
+    if leaves.is_empty() {
+        return (input, false);
+    }
+
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut to_remove = HashSet::new();
+
+    // We map function names to the INDEX of the instruction that restores RA.
+    // We use this to validate the function body later.
+    let mut func_restore_indices = HashMap::new();
+    let mut func_ra_offsets = HashMap::new();
+
+    let mut current_function: Option<String> = None;
+    let mut function_start_indices = HashMap::new();
+
+    // First scan: Identify instructions to remove and capture RA offsets
+    for (i, node) in input.iter().enumerate() {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(label) => {
+                current_function = Some(label.to_string());
+                function_start_indices.insert(label.to_string(), i);
+            }
+            Instruction::Push(Operand::ReturnAddress) => {
+                if let Some(func) = &current_function
+                    && leaves.contains(func)
+                {
+                    to_remove.insert(i);
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::Get(Operand::ReturnAddress, _, Operand::Register(_)) => {
+                // This is the restore instruction: `get ra db r0`
+                if let Some(func) = &current_function
+                    && leaves.contains(func)
+                {
+                    to_remove.insert(i);
+                    func_restore_indices.insert(func.clone(), i);
+
+                    // Look back for the address calc: `sub r0 sp OFFSET`
+                    if i > 0
+                        && let Instruction::Sub(_, Operand::StackPointer, Operand::Number(n)) =
+                            &input[i - 1].instruction
+                    {
+                        func_ra_offsets.insert(func.clone(), *n);
+                        to_remove.insert(i - 1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Safety Check: Verify that functions marked for optimization don't have complex stack ops.
+    // If they do, unmark them.
+    let mut safe_functions = HashSet::new();
+
+    for (func, start_idx) in &function_start_indices {
+        if let Some(restore_idx) = func_restore_indices.get(func) {
+            // Check instructions between start and restore using the helper function.
+            // We need to skip the `push ra` we just marked for removal, otherwise the helper
+            // will flag it as a complex op (Push).
+            // `start_idx` is the LabelDef. `start_idx + 1` is typically `push ra`.
+
+            let check_start = if to_remove.contains(&(start_idx + 1)) {
+                start_idx + 2
+            } else {
+                start_idx + 1
+            };
+
+            // `restore_idx` points to the `get ra` instruction. The helper scans up to `end_idx` exclusive,
+            // so we don't need to worry about the restore instruction itself.
+            if !function_has_complex_stack_ops(&input, check_start, *restore_idx) {
+                safe_functions.insert(func.clone());
+                changed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !changed {
+        return (input, false);
+    }
+
+    // Second scan: Rebuild with adjustments, but only for SAFE functions
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut processing_function: Option<String> = None;
+
+    for (i, mut node) in input.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        if to_remove.contains(&i)
+            && let Some(func) = &processing_function
+            && safe_functions.contains(func)
+        {
+            continue; // SKIP (Remove)
+        }
+
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(l) = &node.instruction {
+            processing_function = Some(l.to_string());
+        }
+
+        // Apply Stack Adjustments
+        if let Some(func) = &processing_function
+            && safe_functions.contains(func)
+            && let Some(ra_offset) = func_ra_offsets.get(func)
+        {
+            // 1. Stack Cleanup Adjustment
+            if let Instruction::Sub(
+                Operand::StackPointer,
+                Operand::StackPointer,
+                Operand::Number(n),
+            ) = &mut node.instruction
+            {
+                // Decrease cleanup amount by 1 (for the removed RA)
+                let new_n = *n - Decimal::from(1);
+                if new_n.is_zero() {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                *n = new_n;
+            }
+
+            // 2. Stack Variable Offset Adjustment
+            // Since we verified the function is "Simple" (no nested stack mods),
+            // we can safely assume offsets > ra_offset need shifting.
+            if let Instruction::Sub(_, Operand::StackPointer, Operand::Number(n)) =
+                &mut node.instruction
+                && *n > *ra_offset
+            {
+                *n -= Decimal::from(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+
+    (output, true)
+}
+
+/// Analyzes which registers are written to by each function label.
+fn analyze_clobbers(instructions: &[InstructionNode]) -> HashMap<String, HashSet<u8>> {
+    let mut clobbers = HashMap::new();
+    let mut current_label = None;
+
+    for node in instructions {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(label) = &node.instruction {
+            current_label = Some(label.to_string());
+            clobbers.insert(label.to_string(), HashSet::new());
+        }
+
+        if let Some(label) = &current_label
+            && let Some(reg) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction)
+            && let Some(set) = clobbers.get_mut(label)
+        {
+            set.insert(reg);
+        }
+    }
+    clobbers
+}
+
+/// Pass: Function Call Optimization
+/// Removes Push/Restore pairs surrounding a JAL if the target function does not clobber that register.
+fn optimize_function_calls<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let clobbers = analyze_clobbers(&input);
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut to_remove = HashSet::new();
+    let mut stack_adjustments = HashMap::new();
+
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < input.len() {
+        if let Instruction::JumpAndLink(Operand::Label(target)) = &input[i].instruction {
+            let target_key = target.to_string();
+
+            if let Some(func_clobbers) = clobbers.get(&target_key) {
+                // 1. Identify Pushes immediately preceding the JAL
+                let mut pushes = Vec::new(); // (index, register)
+                let mut scan_back = i.saturating_sub(1);
+                while scan_back > 0 {
+                    if to_remove.contains(&scan_back) {
+                        scan_back -= 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if let Instruction::Push(Operand::Register(r)) = &input[scan_back].instruction {
+                        pushes.push((scan_back, *r));
+                        scan_back -= 1;
+                    } else {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // 2. Identify Restores immediately following the JAL
+                let mut restores = Vec::new(); // (index_of_get, register, index_of_sub)
+                let mut scan_fwd = i + 1;
+                while scan_fwd < input.len() {
+                    // Skip 'sub r0 sp X'
+                    if let Instruction::Sub(Operand::Register(0), Operand::StackPointer, _) =
+                        &input[scan_fwd].instruction
+                    {
+                        // Check next instruction for the Get
+                        if scan_fwd + 1 < input.len()
+                            && let Instruction::Get(Operand::Register(r), _, Operand::Register(0)) =
+                                &input[scan_fwd + 1].instruction
+                        {
+                            restores.push((scan_fwd + 1, *r, scan_fwd));
+                            scan_fwd += 2;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // 3. Stack Cleanup
+                let cleanup_idx = scan_fwd;
+                let has_cleanup = if cleanup_idx < input.len() {
+                    matches!(
+                        input[cleanup_idx].instruction,
+                        Instruction::Sub(
+                            Operand::StackPointer,
+                            Operand::StackPointer,
+                            Operand::Number(_)
+                        )
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    false
+                };
+
+                // SAFEGUARD: Check Counts!
+                // If we pushed r8 twice but only restored it once, we have an argument.
+                // We must ensure the number of pushes for each register MATCHES the number of restores.
+                let mut push_counts = HashMap::new();
+                for (_, r) in &pushes {
+                    *push_counts.entry(*r).or_insert(0) += 1;
+                }
+
+                let mut restore_counts = HashMap::new();
+                for (_, r, _) in &restores {
+                    *restore_counts.entry(*r).or_insert(0) += 1;
+                }
+
+                let counts_match = push_counts
+                    .iter()
+                    .all(|(reg, count)| restore_counts.get(reg).unwrap_or(&0) == count);
+                // Also check reverse to ensure we didn't restore something we didn't push (unlikely but possible)
+                let counts_match_reverse = restore_counts
+                    .iter()
+                    .all(|(reg, count)| push_counts.get(reg).unwrap_or(&0) == count);
+
+                // Clobber Check
+                let all_pushes_safe = pushes.iter().all(|(_, r)| !func_clobbers.contains(r));
+
+                if all_pushes_safe && has_cleanup && counts_match && counts_match_reverse {
+                    // We can remove ALL found pushes/restores safely
+                    for (p_idx, _) in pushes {
+                        to_remove.insert(p_idx);
+                    }
+                    for (g_idx, _, s_idx) in restores {
+                        to_remove.insert(g_idx);
+                        to_remove.insert(s_idx);
+                    }
+
+                    // Reduce stack cleanup amount
+                    let num_removed = push_counts.values().sum::<i32>() as i64;
+                    stack_adjustments.insert(cleanup_idx, num_removed);
+                    changed = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    if changed {
+        let mut clean = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+        for (idx, mut node) in input.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            if to_remove.contains(&idx) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Apply stack adjustment
+            if let Some(reduction) = stack_adjustments.get(&idx)
+                && let Instruction::Sub(dst, a, Operand::Number(n)) = &node.instruction
+            {
+                let new_n = n - Decimal::from(*reduction);
+                if new_n.is_zero() {
+                    continue; // Remove the sub entirely if 0
+                }
+                node.instruction = Instruction::Sub(dst.clone(), a.clone(), Operand::Number(new_n));
+            }
+
+            clean.push(node);
+        }
+        return (clean, changed);
+    }
+
+    (input, false)
+}
+
+/// Pass: Register Forwarding
+/// Eliminates intermediate moves by writing directly to the final destination.
+/// Example: `l r1 d0 T` + `move r9 r1` -> `l r9 d0 T`
+fn register_forwarding<'a>(
+    mut input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut i = 0;
+
+    // We use a while loop to manually control index so we can peek ahead
+    while i < input.len().saturating_sub(1) {
+        let next_idx = i + 1;
+
+        // Check if current instruction defines a register
+        // and the NEXT instruction is a move from that register.
+        let forward_candidate = if let Some(def_reg) = get_destination_reg(&input[i].instruction) {
+            if let Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(dest_reg), Operand::Register(src_reg)) =
+                &input[next_idx].instruction
+            {
+                if *src_reg == def_reg {
+                    // Candidate found: Instruction `i` defines `src_reg`, Instruction `i+1` moves `src_reg` to `dest_reg`.
+                    // We can optimize if `src_reg` (the temp) is NOT used after this move.
+                    Some((def_reg, *dest_reg))
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        if let Some((temp_reg, final_reg)) = forward_candidate {
+            // Check liveness: Is temp_reg used after i+1?
+            // We scan from i+2 onwards.
+            let mut temp_is_dead = true;
+            for node in input.iter().skip(i + 2) {
+                if reg_is_read(&node.instruction, temp_reg) {
+                    temp_is_dead = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+                // If the temp is redefined, then the old value is dead, so we are safe.
+                if let Some(redef) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction)
+                    && redef == temp_reg
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // If we hit a label/jump, we assume liveness might leak (conservative safety)
+                if matches!(
+                    node.instruction,
+                    Instruction::LabelDef(_) | Instruction::Jump(_) | Instruction::JumpAndLink(_)
+                ) {
+                    temp_is_dead = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if temp_is_dead {
+                // Perform the swap
+                // 1. Rewrite input[i] to write to final_reg
+                if let Some(new_instr) = set_destination_reg(&input[i].instruction, final_reg) {
+                    input[i].instruction = new_instr;
+                    // 2. Remove input[i+1] (The Move)
+                    input.remove(next_idx);
+                    changed = true;
+                    // Don't increment i, re-evaluate current index (which is now a new neighbor)
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    (input, changed)
+}
+
+/// Pass: Resolve Labels
+/// Converts all Jump/Branch labels to absolute line numbers and removes LabelDefs.
+fn resolve_labels<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> Vec<InstructionNode<'a>> {
+    let mut label_map: HashMap<String, usize> = HashMap::new();
+    let mut line_number = 0;
+
+    // 1. Build Label Map (filtering out LabelDefs from the count)
+    for node in &input {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(name) = &node.instruction {
+            label_map.insert(name.to_string(), line_number);
+        } else {
+            line_number += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+
+    // 2. Rewrite Jumps and Filter Labels
+    for mut node in input {
+        // Helper to get line number as Decimal operand
+        let get_line = |lbl: &Operand| -> Option<Operand<'a>> {
+            if let Operand::Label(name) = lbl {
+                label_map
+                    .get(name.as_ref())
+                    .map(|&l| Operand::Number(Decimal::from(l)))
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        };
+
+        match &mut node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(_) => continue, // Strip labels
+
+            // Jumps
+            Instruction::Jump(op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::JumpAndLink(op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEq(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchNe(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchGt(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchLt(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchGe(_, _, op)
+            | Instruction::BranchLe(_, _, op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(_, op) | Instruction::BranchNeZero(_, op) => {
+                if let Some(num) = get_line(op) {
+                    *op = num;
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+
+    output
+}
+
+// --- Helpers for Register Analysis ---
+
+fn get_destination_reg(instr: &Instruction) -> Option<u8> {
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Add(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Sub(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Mul(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Div(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Mod(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Pow(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Load(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadSlot(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadBatch(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetEq(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetNe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetGt(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetLt(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetGe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::SetLe(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::And(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Or(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Xor(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Peek(Operand::Register(r))
+        | Instruction::Get(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Select(Operand::Register(r), _, _, _)
+        | Instruction::Rand(Operand::Register(r))
+        | Instruction::Acos(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Asin(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Atan(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Atan2(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Abs(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Ceil(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Cos(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Floor(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Log(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Max(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Min(Operand::Register(r), _, _)
+        | Instruction::Sin(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Sqrt(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Tan(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Trunc(Operand::Register(r), _)
+        | Instruction::Pop(Operand::Register(r)) => Some(*r),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn set_destination_reg<'a>(instr: &Instruction<'a>, new_reg: u8) -> Option<Instruction<'a>> {
+    // Helper to easily recreate instruction with new dest
+    let r = Operand::Register(new_reg);
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(_, b) => Some(Instruction::Move(r, b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Add(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Add(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sub(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Sub(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Mul(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Mul(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Div(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Div(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Mod(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Mod(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Pow(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Pow(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Load(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Load(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::LoadSlot(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::LoadSlot(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::LoadBatch(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::LoadBatch(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(_, a, b, c, d) => Some(Instruction::LoadBatchNamed(
+            r,
+            a.clone(),
+            b.clone(),
+            c.clone(),
+            d.clone(),
+        )),
+        Instruction::SetEq(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetEq(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetNe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetNe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetGt(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetGt(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetLt(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetLt(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetGe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetGe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::SetLe(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::SetLe(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::And(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::And(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Or(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Or(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Xor(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Xor(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Peek(_) => Some(Instruction::Peek(r)),
+        Instruction::Get(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Get(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Select(_, a, b, c) => {
+            Some(Instruction::Select(r, a.clone(), b.clone(), c.clone()))
+        }
+        Instruction::Rand(_) => Some(Instruction::Rand(r)),
+        Instruction::Pop(_) => Some(Instruction::Pop(r)),
+
+        // Math funcs
+        Instruction::Acos(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Acos(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Asin(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Asin(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Atan(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Atan(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Atan2(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Atan2(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Abs(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Abs(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Ceil(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Ceil(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Cos(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Cos(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Floor(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Floor(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Log(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Log(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Max(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Max(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Min(_, a, b) => Some(Instruction::Min(r, a.clone(), b.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sin(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Sin(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Sqrt(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Sqrt(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Tan(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Tan(r, a.clone())),
+        Instruction::Trunc(_, a) => Some(Instruction::Trunc(r, a.clone())),
+
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn reg_is_read(instr: &Instruction, reg: u8) -> bool {
+    let check = |op: &Operand| matches!(op, Operand::Register(r) if *r == reg);
+
+    match instr {
+        Instruction::Move(_, a) => check(a),
+        Instruction::Add(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Sub(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Mul(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Div(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Mod(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Pow(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::Load(_, a, _) => check(a), // Load reads device? Device can be reg? Yes.
+        Instruction::Store(a, _, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, _)
+        | Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, _) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, _) | Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, _) => check(a),
+
+        Instruction::SetEq(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetNe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetGt(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetLt(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetGe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::SetLe(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::And(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Or(_, a, b)
+        | Instruction::Xor(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+
+        Instruction::Push(a) => check(a),
+        Instruction::Get(_, a, b) => check(a) || check(b),
+        Instruction::Put(a, b, c) => check(a) || check(b) || check(c),
+
+        Instruction::Select(_, a, b, c) => check(a) || check(b) || check(c),
+        Instruction::Sleep(a) => check(a),
+
+        // Math single arg
+        Instruction::Acos(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Asin(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Atan(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Abs(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Ceil(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Cos(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Floor(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Log(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Sin(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Sqrt(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Tan(_, a)
+        | Instruction::Trunc(_, a) => check(a),
+
+        // Math double arg
+        Instruction::Atan2(_, a, b) | Instruction::Max(_, a, b) | Instruction::Min(_, a, b) => {
+            check(a) || check(b)
+        }
+
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+/// --- Constant Propagation & Dead Code ---
+fn constant_propagation<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut registers: [Option<Decimal>; 16] = [None; 16];
+
+    for mut node in input {
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::LabelDef(_) | Instruction::JumpAndLink(_) => registers = [None; 16],
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        let simplified = match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::Move(dst, src) => resolve_value(src, &registers)
+                .map(|val| Instruction::Move(dst.clone(), Operand::Number(val))),
+            Instruction::Add(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x + y),
+            Instruction::Sub(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x - y),
+            Instruction::Mul(dst, a, b) => try_fold_math(dst, a, b, &registers, |x, y| x * y),
+            Instruction::Div(dst, a, b) => {
+                try_fold_math(
+                    dst,
+                    a,
+                    b,
+                    &registers,
+                    |x, y| if y.is_zero() { x } else { x / y },
+                )
+            }
+            Instruction::Mod(dst, a, b) => {
+                try_fold_math(
+                    dst,
+                    a,
+                    b,
+                    &registers,
+                    |x, y| if y.is_zero() { x } else { x % y },
+                )
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEq(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x == y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchNe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x != y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchGt(a, b, l) => try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x > y),
+            Instruction::BranchLt(a, b, l) => try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x < y),
+            Instruction::BranchGe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x >= y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchLe(a, b, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, b, l, &registers, |x, y| x <= y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchEqZero(a, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, &Operand::Number(0.into()), l, &registers, |x, y| x == y)
+            }
+            Instruction::BranchNeZero(a, l) => {
+                try_resolve_branch(a, &Operand::Number(0.into()), l, &registers, |x, y| x != y)
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(new) = simplified {
+            node.instruction = new;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+
+        // Update tracking
+        match &node.instruction {
+            Instruction::Move(Operand::Register(r), src) => {
+                registers[*r as usize] = resolve_value(src, &registers)
+            }
+            // Invalidate if destination is register
+            _ => {
+                if let Some(r) = get_destination_reg(&node.instruction) {
+                    registers[r as usize] = None;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Filter out NOPs (Empty LabelDefs from branch resolution)
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(l) = &node.instruction
+            && l.is_empty()
+        {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}
+
+fn resolve_value(op: &Operand, regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16]) -> Option<Decimal> {
+    match op {
+        Operand::Number(n) => Some(*n),
+        Operand::Register(r) => regs[*r as usize],
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+fn try_fold_math<'a, F>(
+    dst: &Operand<'a>,
+    a: &Operand<'a>,
+    b: &Operand<'a>,
+    regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16],
+    op: F,
+) -> Option<Instruction<'a>>
+where
+    F: Fn(Decimal, Decimal) -> Decimal,
+{
+    let val_a = resolve_value(a, regs)?;
+    let val_b = resolve_value(b, regs)?;
+    Some(Instruction::Move(
+        dst.clone(),
+        Operand::Number(op(val_a, val_b)),
+    ))
+}
+
+fn try_resolve_branch<'a, F>(
+    a: &Operand<'a>,
+    b: &Operand<'a>,
+    label: &Operand<'a>,
+    regs: &[Option<Decimal>; 16],
+    check: F,
+) -> Option<Instruction<'a>>
+where
+    F: Fn(Decimal, Decimal) -> bool,
+{
+    let val_a = resolve_value(a, regs)?;
+    let val_b = resolve_value(b, regs)?;
+    if check(val_a, val_b) {
+        Some(Instruction::Jump(label.clone()))
+    } else {
+        Some(Instruction::LabelDef("".into())) // NOP
+    }
+}
+
+fn remove_redundant_moves<'a>(input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    for node in input {
+        if let Instruction::Move(dst, src) = &node.instruction
+            && dst == src
+        {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}
+
+fn remove_unreachable_code<'a>(
+    input: Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>,
+) -> (Vec<InstructionNode<'a>>, bool) {
+    let mut output = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let mut changed = false;
+    let mut dead = false;
+    for node in input {
+        if let Instruction::LabelDef(_) = node.instruction {
+            dead = false;
+        }
+        if dead {
+            changed = true;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if let Instruction::Jump(_) = node.instruction {
+            dead = true
+        }
+        output.push(node);
+    }
+    (output, changed)
+}

rust_compiler/libs/parser/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
 tokenizer = { path = "../tokenizer" }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
+safer-ffi = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 
 
 [dev-dependencies]

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/sys_call.rs

@@ -4,73 +4,73 @@ use helpers::prelude::*;
 
 documented! {
     #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-    pub enum Math {
+    pub enum Math<'a> {
         /// Returns the angle in radians whose cosine is the specified number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `acos r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = acos(number|var|expression);`
-        Acos(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Acos(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Returns the angle in radians whose sine is the specified number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `asin r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = asin(number|var|expression);`
-        Asin(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Asin(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Returns the angle in radians whose tangent is the specified number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `atan r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = atan(number|var|expression);`
-        Atan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Atan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Returns the angle in radians whose tangent is the quotient of the specified numbers.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `atan2 r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = atan2((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Atan2(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Atan2(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Gets the absolute value of a number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `abs r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = abs((number|var|expression));`
-        Abs(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Abs(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Rounds a number up to the nearest whole number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `ceil r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = ceil((number|var|expression));`
-        Ceil(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Ceil(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Returns the cosine of the specified angle in radians.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `cos r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = cos((number|var|expression));`
-        Cos(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Cos(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Rounds a number down to the nearest whole number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `floor r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = floor((number|var|expression));`
-        Floor(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Floor(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Computes the natural logarithm of a number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `log r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = log((number|var|expression));`
-        Log(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Log(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Computes the maximum of two numbers.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `max r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = max((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Max(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Max(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Computes the minimum of two numbers.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `min r? a(r?|num) b(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = min((number|var|expression), (number|var|expression));`
-        Min(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Min(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Gets a random number between 0 and 1.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `rand r?`
@@ -82,29 +82,29 @@ documented! {
         /// `sin r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = sin((number|var|expression));`
-        Sin(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sin(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Computes the square root of a number.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `sqrt r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = sqrt((number|var|expression));`
-        Sqrt(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sqrt(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Returns the tangent of the specified angle in radians.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `tan r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = tan((number|var|expression));`
-        Tan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Tan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Truncates a number by removing the decimal portion.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `trunc r? a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `let item = trunc((number|var|expression));`
-        Trunc(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Trunc(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for Math {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Math<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             Math::Acos(a) => write!(f, "acos({})", a),
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Math {
 
 documented! {
     #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-    pub enum System {
+    pub enum System<'a> {
         /// Pauses execution for exactly 1 tick and then resumes.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `yield`
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ documented! {
         /// `sleep a(r?|num)`
         /// ## Slang
         /// `sleep(number|var);`
-        Sleep(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        Sleep(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Gets the in-game hash for a specific prefab name. NOTE! This call is COMPLETELY
         /// optimized away unless you bind it to a `let` variable. If you use a `const` variable
         /// however, the hash is correctly computed at compile time and substitued automatically.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ documented! {
         /// const compDoor = hash("StructureCompositeDoor");
         /// setOnDeviceBatched(compDoor, "Lock", true);
         /// ```
-        Hash(Spanned<Literal>),
+        Hash(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
         /// Represents a function which loads a device variable into a register.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `l r? d? var`
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ documented! {
         /// `let item = load(deviceHash, "LogicType");`
         /// `let item = l(deviceHash, "LogicType");`
         /// `let item = deviceAlias.LogicType;`
-        LoadFromDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>),
+        LoadFromDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
         /// Function which gets a LogicType from all connected network devices that match
         /// the provided device hash and name, aggregating them via a batchMode
         /// ## IC10
@@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ documented! {
         /// `loadBatchedNamed(deviceHash, deviceName, "LogicType", "BatchMode");`
         /// `lbn(deviceHash, deviceName, "LogicType", "BatchMode");`
         LoadBatchNamed(
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
         ),
         /// Loads a LogicType from all connected network devices, aggregating them via a
         /// BatchMode
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ documented! {
         /// ## Slang
         /// `loadBatched(deviceHash, "Variable", "LogicType");`
         /// `lb(deviceHash, "Variable", "LogicType");`
-        LoadBatch(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Spanned<Literal>),
+        LoadBatch(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
         /// Represents a function which stores a setting into a specific device.
         /// ## IC10
         /// `s d? logicType r?`
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ documented! {
         /// `set(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
         /// `s(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
         /// `deviceAlias.LogicType = (number|var);`
-        SetOnDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        SetOnDevice(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Represents a function which stores a setting to all devices that match
         /// the given deviceHash
         /// ## IC10
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ documented! {
         /// ## Slang
         /// `setBatched(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
         /// `sb(deviceHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
-        SetOnDeviceBatched(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>, Spanned<Literal>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+        SetOnDeviceBatched(Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>, Spanned<Literal<'a>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
         /// Represents a function which stores a setting to all devices that match
         /// both the given deviceHash AND the given nameHash
         /// ## IC10
@@ -209,15 +209,39 @@ documented! {
         /// `setBatchedNamed(deviceHash, nameHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
         /// `sbn(deviceHash, nameHash, "LogicType", (number|var));`
         SetOnDeviceBatchedNamed(
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable>,
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
-            Spanned<Literal>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
-            Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
         ),
+        /// Loads slot LogicSlotType from device into a variable
+        ///
+        /// ## IC10
+        /// `ls r0 d0 2 Occupied`
+        /// ## Slang
+        /// `let isOccupied = loadSlot(deviceHash, 2, "Occupied");`
+        /// `let isOccupied = ls(deviceHash, 2, "Occupied");`
+        LoadSlot(
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>
+        ),
+        /// Stores a value of LogicType on a device by the index value
+        /// ## IC10
+        /// `ss d0 0 "Open" 1`
+        /// ## Slang
+        /// `setSlot(deviceHash, 0, "Open", true);`
+        /// `ss(deviceHash, 0, "Open", true);`
+        SetSlot(
+            Spanned<LiteralOrVariable<'a>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
+            Spanned<Literal<'a>>,
+            Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>
+        )
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for System {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for System<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             System::Yield => write!(f, "yield()"),
@@ -235,6 +259,8 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for System {
             System::SetOnDeviceBatchedNamed(a, b, c, d) => {
                 write!(f, "setOnDeviceBatchedNamed({}, {}, {}, {})", a, b, c, d)
             }
+            System::LoadSlot(a, b, c) => write!(f, "loadSlot({}, {}, {})", a, b, c),
+            System::SetSlot(a, b, c, d) => write!(f, "setSlot({}, {}, {}, {})", a, b, c, d),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -242,13 +268,13 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for System {
 #[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 /// This represents built in functions that cannot be overwritten, but can be invoked by the user as functions.
-pub enum SysCall {
+pub enum SysCall<'a> {
-    System(System),
+    System(System<'a>),
     /// Represents any mathmatical function that can be called.
-    Math(Math),
+    Math(Math<'a>),
 }
 
-impl Documentation for SysCall {
+impl<'a> Documentation for SysCall<'a> {
     fn docs(&self) -> String {
         match self {
             Self::System(s) => s.docs(),
@@ -264,7 +290,7 @@ impl Documentation for SysCall {
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for SysCall {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for SysCall<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             SysCall::System(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
@@ -273,7 +299,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for SysCall {
     }
 }
 
-impl SysCall {
+impl<'a> SysCall<'a> {
     pub fn is_syscall(identifier: &str) -> bool {
         tokenizer::token::is_syscall(identifier)
     }

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/test/mod.rs

@@ -160,3 +160,37 @@ fn test_negative_literal_const() -> Result<()> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_ternary_expression() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!(r#"let i = x ? 1 : 2;"#).parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = (x ? 1 : 2))", expr.to_string());
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_complex_binary_with_ternary() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let i = (x ? 1 : 3) * 2;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = ((x ? 1 : 3) * 2))", expr.to_string());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_operator_prescedence_with_ternary() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let x = x ? 1 : 3 * 2;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let x = (x ? 1 : (3 * 2)))", expr.to_string());
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_nested_ternary_right_associativity() -> Result<()> {
+    let expr = parser!("let i = a ? b : c ? d : e;").parse()?.unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!("(let i = (a ? b : (c ? d : e)))", expr.to_string());
+    Ok(())
+}

rust_compiler/libs/parser/src/tree_node.rs

@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
-use std::ops::Deref;
-
-use crate::sys_call;
-
 use super::sys_call::SysCall;
+use crate::sys_call;
+use helpers::Span;
+use safer_ffi::prelude::*;
+use std::{borrow::Cow, ops::Deref};
 use tokenizer::token::Number;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub enum Literal {
+pub enum Literal<'a> {
     Number(Number),
-    String(String),
+    String(Cow<'a, str>),
     Boolean(bool),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
-pub enum LiteralOr<T> {
+pub enum LiteralOr<'a, T> {
-    Literal(Spanned<Literal>),
+    Literal(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
     Or(Spanned<T>),
 }
 
-impl<T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<T> {
+impl<'a, T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<'a, T> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             Self::Literal(l) => write!(f, "{l}"),
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ impl<T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOr<T> {
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for Literal {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Literal<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             Literal::Number(n) => write!(f, "{}", n),
@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Literal {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum BinaryExpression {
+pub enum BinaryExpression<'a> {
-    Add(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Add(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Multiply(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Multiply(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Divide(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Divide(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Subtract(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Subtract(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Exponent(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Exponent(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Modulo(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Modulo(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             BinaryExpression::Add(l, r) => write!(f, "({} + {})", l, r),
@@ -61,19 +61,19 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BinaryExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum LogicalExpression {
+pub enum LogicalExpression<'a> {
-    And(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    And(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Or(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Or(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Not(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Not(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Equal(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Equal(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    NotEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    NotEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    GreaterThan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    GreaterThan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    GreaterThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    GreaterThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    LessThan(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    LessThan(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    LessThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression>>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    LessThanOrEqual(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             LogicalExpression::And(l, r) => write!(f, "({} && {})", l, r),
@@ -90,25 +90,25 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for LogicalExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct AssignmentExpression {
+pub struct AssignmentExpression<'a> {
-    pub assignee: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub assignee: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub expression: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub expression: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for AssignmentExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for AssignmentExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "({} = {})", self.assignee, self.expression)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct FunctionExpression {
+pub struct FunctionExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<String>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>>,
-    pub body: BlockExpression,
+    pub body: BlockExpression<'a>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
@@ -125,9 +125,9 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for FunctionExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct BlockExpression(pub Vec<Spanned<Expression>>);
+pub struct BlockExpression<'a>(pub Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>);
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
@@ -142,12 +142,12 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for BlockExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct InvocationExpression {
+pub struct InvocationExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
@@ -163,25 +163,25 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for InvocationExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct MemberAccessExpression {
+pub struct MemberAccessExpression<'a> {
-    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub member: Spanned<String>,
+    pub member: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for MemberAccessExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for MemberAccessExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "{}.{}", self.object, self.member)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct MethodCallExpression {
+pub struct MethodCallExpression<'a> {
-    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub object: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub method: Spanned<String>,
+    pub method: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub arguments: Vec<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(
             f,
@@ -198,12 +198,12 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for MethodCallExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum LiteralOrVariable {
+pub enum LiteralOrVariable<'a> {
-    Literal(Literal),
+    Literal(Literal<'a>),
-    Variable(Spanned<String>),
+    Variable(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>),
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             LiteralOrVariable::Literal(l) => write!(f, "{}", l),
@@ -213,46 +213,46 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for LiteralOrVariable {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct ConstDeclarationExpression {
+pub struct ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
-    pub value: LiteralOr<SysCall>,
+    pub value: LiteralOr<'a, SysCall<'a>>,
 }
 
-impl ConstDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
     pub fn is_syscall_supported(call: &SysCall) -> bool {
         use sys_call::System;
         matches!(call, SysCall::System(sys) if matches!(sys, System::Hash(_)))
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for ConstDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for ConstDeclarationExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(const {} = {})", self.name, self.value)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct DeviceDeclarationExpression {
+pub struct DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a> {
     /// any variable-like name
-    pub name: Spanned<String>,
+    pub name: Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>,
     /// The device port, ex. (db, d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5)
-    pub device: String,
+    pub device: Cow<'a, str>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for DeviceDeclarationExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(device {} = {})", self.name, self.device)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct IfExpression {
+pub struct IfExpression<'a> {
-    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression>,
+    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>,
-    pub else_branch: Option<Box<Spanned<Expression>>>,
+    pub else_branch: Option<Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for IfExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for IfExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(if ({}) {}", self.condition, self.body)?;
         if let Some(else_branch) = &self.else_branch {
@@ -263,66 +263,45 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for IfExpression {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct LoopExpression {
+pub struct LoopExpression<'a> {
-    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression>,
+    pub body: Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for LoopExpression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for LoopExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(loop {})", self.body)
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct WhileExpression {
+pub struct WhileExpression<'a> {
-    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression>>,
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
-    pub body: BlockExpression,
+    pub body: BlockExpression<'a>,
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for WhileExpression {
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct TernaryExpression<'a> {
+    pub condition: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+    pub true_value: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+    pub false_value: Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TernaryExpression<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "({} ? {} : {})",
+            self.condition, self.true_value, self.false_value
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for WhileExpression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "(while {} {})", self.condition, self.body)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct Span {
-    pub start_line: usize,
-    pub end_line: usize,
-    pub start_col: usize,
-    pub end_col: usize,
-}
-
-impl From<Span> for lsp_types::Range {
-    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            start: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.start_line as u32,
-                character: value.start_col as u32,
-            },
-            end: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.end_line as u32,
-                character: value.end_col as u32,
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<&Span> for lsp_types::Range {
-    fn from(value: &Span) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            start: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.start_line as u32,
-                character: value.start_col as u32,
-            },
-            end: lsp_types::Position {
-                line: value.end_line as u32,
-                character: value.end_col as u32,
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct Spanned<T> {
     pub span: Span,
@@ -347,32 +326,33 @@ impl<T> Deref for Spanned<T> {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum Expression {
+pub enum Expression<'a> {
-    Assignment(Spanned<AssignmentExpression>),
+    Assignment(Spanned<AssignmentExpression<'a>>),
-    Binary(Spanned<BinaryExpression>),
+    Binary(Spanned<BinaryExpression<'a>>),
-    Block(Spanned<BlockExpression>),
+    Block(Spanned<BlockExpression<'a>>),
     Break(Span),
-    ConstDeclaration(Spanned<ConstDeclarationExpression>),
+    ConstDeclaration(Spanned<ConstDeclarationExpression<'a>>),
     Continue(Span),
-    Declaration(Spanned<String>, Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Declaration(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>, Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    DeviceDeclaration(Spanned<DeviceDeclarationExpression>),
+    DeviceDeclaration(Spanned<DeviceDeclarationExpression<'a>>),
-    Function(Spanned<FunctionExpression>),
+    Function(Spanned<FunctionExpression<'a>>),
-    If(Spanned<IfExpression>),
+    If(Spanned<IfExpression<'a>>),
-    Invocation(Spanned<InvocationExpression>),
+    Invocation(Spanned<InvocationExpression<'a>>),
-    Literal(Spanned<Literal>),
+    Literal(Spanned<Literal<'a>>),
-    Logical(Spanned<LogicalExpression>),
+    Logical(Spanned<LogicalExpression<'a>>),
-    Loop(Spanned<LoopExpression>),
+    Loop(Spanned<LoopExpression<'a>>),
-    MemberAccess(Spanned<MemberAccessExpression>),
+    MemberAccess(Spanned<MemberAccessExpression<'a>>),
-    MethodCall(Spanned<MethodCallExpression>),
+    MethodCall(Spanned<MethodCallExpression<'a>>),
-    Negation(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Negation(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Priority(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Priority(Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>),
-    Return(Box<Spanned<Expression>>),
+    Return(Option<Box<Spanned<Expression<'a>>>>),
-    Syscall(Spanned<SysCall>),
+    Syscall(Spanned<SysCall<'a>>),
-    Variable(Spanned<String>),
+    Ternary(Spanned<TernaryExpression<'a>>),
-    While(Spanned<WhileExpression>),
+    Variable(Spanned<Cow<'a, str>>),
+    While(Spanned<WhileExpression<'a>>),
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for Expression {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Expression<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             Expression::Assignment(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
@@ -393,8 +373,17 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Expression {
             Expression::MethodCall(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
             Expression::Negation(e) => write!(f, "(-{})", e),
             Expression::Priority(e) => write!(f, "({})", e),
-            Expression::Return(e) => write!(f, "(return {})", e),
+            Expression::Return(e) => write!(
+                f,
+                "(return {})",
+                if let Some(e) = e {
+                    e.to_string()
+                } else {
+                    "".to_string()
+                }
+            ),
             Expression::Syscall(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
+            Expression::Ternary(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
             Expression::Variable(id) => write!(f, "{}", id),
             Expression::While(e) => write!(f, "{}", e),
         }

rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
 rust_decimal = { workspace = true }
-quick-error = { workspace = true }
 lsp-types = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 helpers = { path = "../helpers" }
+logos = "0.16"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 anyhow = { version = "^1" }

rust_compiler/libs/tokenizer/src/token.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,59 @@
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+
 use helpers::prelude::*;
+use logos::{Lexer, Logos, Skip, Span};
+use lsp_types::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticSeverity, Position, Range};
 use rust_decimal::Decimal;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error, Default, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum LexError {
+    #[error("Attempted to parse an invalid number: {2}")]
+    NumberParse(usize, Span, String),
+
+    #[error("An invalid character was found in token stream: {2}")]
+    InvalidInput(usize, Span, String),
+
+    #[default]
+    #[error("An unknown error occurred")]
+    Other,
+}
+
+impl From<LexError> for Diagnostic {
+    fn from(value: LexError) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            LexError::NumberParse(line, col, str) | LexError::InvalidInput(line, col, str) => {
+                Diagnostic {
+                    range: Range {
+                        start: Position {
+                            character: col.start as u32,
+                            line: line as u32,
+                        },
+                        end: Position {
+                            line: line as u32,
+                            character: col.end as u32,
+                        },
+                    },
+                    severity: Some(DiagnosticSeverity::ERROR),
+                    message: str,
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }
+            }
+            _ => Diagnostic::default(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl LexError {
+    pub fn from_lexer<'a>(lex: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Self {
+        let mut span = lex.span();
+        let line = lex.extras.line_count;
+        span.start -= lex.extras.line_start_index;
+        span.end -= lex.extras.line_start_index;
+
+        Self::InvalidInput(line, span, lex.slice().chars().as_str().to_string())
+    }
+}
 
 // Define a local macro to consume the list
 macro_rules! generate_check {
@@ -10,29 +64,40 @@ macro_rules! generate_check {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct Token {
+pub struct Extras {
-    /// The type of the token
+    pub line_count: usize,
-    pub token_type: TokenType,
+    pub line_start_index: usize,
-    /// The line where the token was found
-    pub line: usize,
-    /// The column where the token was found
-    pub column: usize,
-    pub original_string: Option<String>,
 }
 
-impl Token {
+fn update_line_index<'a>(lex: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Skip {
-    pub fn new(
+    lex.extras.line_count += 1;
-        token_type: TokenType,
+    lex.extras.line_start_index = lex.span().end;
-        line: usize,
+    Skip
-        column: usize,
+}
-        original: Option<String>,
+
-    ) -> Self {
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+pub struct Token<'a> {
+    /// The type of the token
+    pub token_type: TokenType<'a>,
+    /// The line where the token was found
+    pub line: usize,
+    /// The span where the token starts and ends
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Token<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.token_type)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Token<'a> {
+    pub fn new(token_type: TokenType<'a>, line: usize, span: Span) -> Self {
         Self {
             token_type,
             line,
-            column,
+            span,
-            original_string: original,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -79,25 +144,187 @@ impl Temperature {
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone)]
+macro_rules! symbol {
-pub enum TokenType {
+    ($var:ident) => {
+        |_| Symbol::$var
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! keyword {
+    ($var:ident) => {
+        |_| Keyword::$var
+    };
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Hash, Eq, Clone, Logos)]
+#[logos(skip r"[ \t\f]+")]
+#[logos(extras = Extras)]
+#[logos(error(LexError, LexError::from_lexer))]
+pub enum TokenType<'a> {
+    #[regex(r"\n", update_line_index)]
+    Newline,
+
+    // matches strings with double quotes
+    #[regex(r#""(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*""#, |v| {
+        let str = v.slice();
+        Cow::from(&str[1..str.len() - 1])
+    })]
+    // matches strings with single quotes
+    #[regex(r#"'(?:[^'\\]|\\.)*'"#, |v| {
+        let str = v.slice();
+        Cow::from(&str[1..str.len() - 1])
+    })]
     /// Represents a string token
-    String(String),
+    String(Cow<'a, str>),
+
+    #[regex(r"[0-9][0-9_]*(\.[0-9][0-9_]*)?([cfk])?", parse_number)]
     /// Represents a number token
     Number(Number),
+
+    #[token("true", |_| true)]
+    #[token("false", |_| false)]
     /// Represents a boolean token
     Boolean(bool),
+
+    #[token("continue", keyword!(Continue))]
+    #[token("const", keyword!(Const))]
+    #[token("let", keyword!(Let))]
+    #[token("fn", keyword!(Fn))]
+    #[token("if", keyword!(If))]
+    #[token("device", keyword!(Device))]
+    #[token("else", keyword!(Else))]
+    #[token("return", keyword!(Return))]
+    #[token("enum", keyword!(Enum))]
+    #[token("loop", keyword!(Loop))]
+    #[token("break", keyword!(Break))]
+    #[token("while", keyword!(While))]
     /// Represents a keyword token
     Keyword(Keyword),
+
+    #[regex(r"[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*", |v| Cow::from(v.slice()))]
     /// Represents an identifier token
-    Identifier(String),
+    Identifier(Cow<'a, str>),
+
+    #[token("(", symbol!(LParen))]
+    #[token(")", symbol!(RParen))]
+    #[token("{", symbol!(LBrace))]
+    #[token("}", symbol!(RBrace))]
+    #[token("[", symbol!(LBracket))]
+    #[token("]", symbol!(RBracket))]
+    #[token(";", symbol!(Semicolon))]
+    #[token(":", symbol!(Colon))]
+    #[token(",", symbol!(Comma))]
+    #[token("+", symbol!(Plus))]
+    #[token("-", symbol!(Minus))]
+    #[token("*", symbol!(Asterisk))]
+    #[token("/", symbol!(Slash))]
+    #[token("<", symbol!(LessThan))]
+    #[token(">", symbol!(GreaterThan))]
+    #[token("=", symbol!(Assign))]
+    #[token("!", symbol!(LogicalNot))]
+    #[token(".", symbol!(Dot))]
+    #[token("^", symbol!(Caret))]
+    #[token("%", symbol!(Percent))]
+    #[token("?", symbol!(Question))]
+    #[token("==", symbol!(Equal))]
+    #[token("!=", symbol!(NotEqual))]
+    #[token("&&", symbol!(LogicalAnd))]
+    #[token("||", symbol!(LogicalOr))]
+    #[token("<=", symbol!(LessThanOrEqual))]
+    #[token(">=", symbol!(GreaterThanOrEqual))]
+    #[token("**", symbol!(Exp))]
     /// Represents a symbol token
     Symbol(Symbol),
+
+    #[token("//", |lex| Comment::Line(read_line(lex)))]
+    #[token("///", |lex| Comment::Doc(read_line(lex)))]
+    /// Represents a comment, both a line comment and a doc comment
+    Comment(Comment<'a>),
+
+    #[end]
     /// Represents an end of file token
     EOF,
 }
 
-impl Documentation for TokenType {
+fn read_line<'a>(lexer: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Cow<'a, str> {
+    let rem = lexer.remainder();
+    let len = rem.find('\n').unwrap_or(rem.len());
+    let content = rem[..len].trim().to_string();
+
+    lexer.bump(len);
+    Cow::from(content)
+}
+
+#[derive(Hash, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Clone)]
+pub enum Comment<'a> {
+    Line(Cow<'a, str>),
+    Doc(Cow<'a, str>),
+}
+
+fn parse_number<'a>(lexer: &mut Lexer<'a, TokenType<'a>>) -> Result<Number, LexError> {
+    let slice = lexer.slice();
+    let last_char = slice.chars().last().unwrap_or_default();
+    let (num_str, suffix) = match last_char {
+        'c' | 'k' | 'f' => (&slice[..slice.len() - 1], Some(last_char)),
+        _ => (slice, None),
+    };
+
+    let clean_str = if num_str.contains('_') {
+        num_str.replace('_', "")
+    } else {
+        num_str.to_string()
+    };
+
+    let line = lexer.extras.line_count;
+    let mut span = lexer.span();
+    span.end -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
+    span.start -= lexer.extras.line_start_index;
+
+    let num = if clean_str.contains('.') {
+        Number::Decimal(
+            clean_str
+                .parse::<Decimal>()
+                .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
+        )
+    } else {
+        Number::Integer(
+            clean_str
+                .parse::<i128>()
+                .map_err(|_| LexError::NumberParse(line, span, slice.to_string()))?,
+        )
+    };
+
+    if let Some(suffix) = suffix {
+        Ok(match suffix {
+            'c' => Temperature::Celsius(num),
+            'f' => Temperature::Fahrenheit(num),
+            'k' => Temperature::Kelvin(num),
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        }
+        .to_kelvin())
+    } else {
+        Ok(num)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for Comment<'a> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Line(c) => write!(f, "// {}", c),
+            Self::Doc(d) => {
+                let lines = d
+                    .split('\n')
+                    .map(|s| format!("/// {s}"))
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join("\n");
+
+                write!(f, "{}", lines)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Documentation for TokenType<'a> {
     fn docs(&self) -> String {
         match self {
             Self::Keyword(k) => k.docs(),
@@ -112,7 +339,7 @@ impl Documentation for TokenType {
 
 helpers::with_syscalls!(generate_check);
 
-impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
+impl<'a> From<TokenType<'a>> for u32 {
     fn from(value: TokenType) -> Self {
         match value {
             TokenType::String(_) => 1,
@@ -128,6 +355,7 @@ impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
                 | Keyword::Return => 4,
                 _ => 5,
             },
+            TokenType::Comment(_) => 8,
             TokenType::Identifier(s) => {
                 if is_syscall(&s) {
                     10
@@ -146,12 +374,12 @@ impl From<TokenType> for u32 {
                     7
                 }
             }
-            TokenType::EOF => 0,
+            _ => 0,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl std::fmt::Display for TokenType {
+impl<'a> std::fmt::Display for TokenType<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             TokenType::String(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
@@ -160,7 +388,9 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for TokenType {
             TokenType::Keyword(k) => write!(f, "{:?}", k),
             TokenType::Identifier(i) => write!(f, "{}", i),
             TokenType::Symbol(s) => write!(f, "{}", s),
+            TokenType::Comment(c) => write!(f, "{}", c),
             TokenType::EOF => write!(f, "EOF"),
+            _ => write!(f, ""),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -173,6 +403,12 @@ pub enum Number {
     Decimal(Decimal),
 }
 
+impl From<bool> for Number {
+    fn from(value: bool) -> Self {
+        Self::Integer(if value { 1 } else { 0 })
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<Number> for Decimal {
     fn from(value: Number) -> Self {
         match value {
@@ -306,6 +542,8 @@ pub enum Symbol {
     Caret,
     /// Represents the `%` symbol
     Percent,
+    /// Represents the `?` symbol
+    Question,
 
     // Double Character Symbols
     /// Represents the `==` symbol
@@ -372,6 +610,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Display for Symbol {
             Self::Asterisk => write!(f, "*"),
             Self::Slash => write!(f, "/"),
             Self::LessThan => write!(f, "<"),
+            Self::Question => write!(f, "?"),
             Self::LessThanOrEqual => write!(f, "<="),
             Self::GreaterThan => write!(f, ">"),
             Self::GreaterThanOrEqual => write!(f, ">="),

rust_compiler/src/ffi/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use compiler::Compiler;
+use compiler::{CompilationResult, Compiler};
-use helpers::Documentation;
+use helpers::{Documentation, Span};
 use parser::{sys_call::SysCall, Parser};
 use safer_ffi::prelude::*;
 use std::io::BufWriter;
@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@ use tokenizer::{
     Tokenizer,
 };
 
+#[derive_ReprC]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct FfiSourceMapEntry {
+    pub line_number: u32,
+    pub span: FfiRange,
+}
+
+#[derive_ReprC]
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct FfiCompilationResult {
+    pub output_code: safer_ffi::String,
+    pub source_map: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiSourceMapEntry>,
+}
+
 #[derive_ReprC]
 #[repr(C)]
 pub struct FfiToken {
@@ -34,6 +48,17 @@ pub struct FfiDocumentedItem {
     docs: safer_ffi::String,
 }
 
+impl From<Span> for FfiRange {
+    fn from(value: Span) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            start_line: value.start_line as u32,
+            end_line: value.end_line as u32,
+            start_col: value.start_col as u32,
+            end_col: value.end_col as u32,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl From<lsp_types::Range> for FfiRange {
     fn from(value: lsp_types::Range) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -69,6 +94,11 @@ impl From<lsp_types::Diagnostic> for FfiDiagnostic {
     }
 }
 
+#[ffi_export]
+pub fn free_ffi_compilation_result(input: FfiCompilationResult) {
+    drop(input)
+}
+
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn free_ffi_token_vec(v: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiToken>) {
     drop(v)
@@ -94,33 +124,63 @@ pub fn free_docs_vec(v: safer_ffi::Vec<FfiDocumentedItem>) {
 /// This should result in the ability to compile many times without triggering frame drops
 /// from the GC from a `GetBytes()` call on a string in C#.
 #[ffi_export]
-pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::String {
+pub fn compile_from_string(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> FfiCompilationResult {
     let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
+        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
 
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
+        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
         let parser = Parser::new(tokenizer);
-        let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
+        let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, None);
 
-        if !compiler.compile().is_empty() {
+        let res = compiler.compile();
-            return safer_ffi::String::EMPTY;
+
+        if !res.errors.is_empty() {
+            return (safer_ffi::String::EMPTY, res.instructions.source_map());
         }
 
+        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
+
+        // writing into a Vec<u8>. This should not fail.
+        let optimized = optimizer::optimize(res.instructions);
+        let map = optimized.source_map();
+        _ = optimized.write(&mut writer);
+
         let Ok(compiled_vec) = writer.into_inner() else {
-            return safer_ffi::String::EMPTY;
+            return (safer_ffi::String::EMPTY, map);
         };
 
         // Safety: I know the compiler only outputs valid utf8
-        safer_ffi::String::from(unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(compiled_vec) })
+        (
+            safer_ffi::String::from(unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(compiled_vec) }),
+            map,
+        )
     });
 
-    res.unwrap_or("".into())
+    if let Ok((res_str, source_map)) = res {
+        FfiCompilationResult {
+            source_map: source_map
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|(line_num, span)| FfiSourceMapEntry {
+                    span: span.into(),
+                    line_number: line_num as u32,
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                .into(),
+            output_code: res_str,
+        }
+    } else {
+        FfiCompilationResult {
+            output_code: "".into(),
+            source_map: vec![].into(),
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<FfiToken> {
     let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
+        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
+        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
 
         let mut tokens = Vec::new();
 
@@ -136,34 +196,31 @@ pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<Ff
             }
             match token {
                 Err(ref e) => {
+                    use tokenizer::token::LexError;
                     use tokenizer::Error::*;
-                    let (err_str, col, og) = match e {
+                    let (err_str, _, span) = match e {
-                        NumberParseError(_, _, col, og)
+                        LexError(LexError::NumberParse(line, span, err))
-                        | DecimalParseError(_, _, col, og)
+                        | LexError(LexError::InvalidInput(line, span, err)) => {
-                        | UnknownSymbolError(_, _, col, og)
+                            (err.to_string(), line, span)
-                        | UnknownKeywordOrIdentifierError(_, _, col, og) => {
-                            (e.to_string(), col, og)
                         }
+
                         _ => continue,
                     };
 
                     tokens.push(FfiToken {
-                        column: *col as i32,
+                        column: span.start as i32,
                         error: err_str.into(),
                         tooltip: "".into(),
-                        length: og.len() as i32,
+                        length: (span.end - span.start) as i32,
                         token_kind: 0,
                     })
                 }
                 Ok(Token {
-                    column,
+                    span, token_type, ..
-                    original_string,
-                    token_type,
-                    ..
                 }) => tokens.push(FfiToken {
-                    column: column as i32,
+                    column: span.start as i32,
                     error: "".into(),
-                    length: (original_string.unwrap_or_default().len()) as i32,
+                    length: (span.end - span.start) as i32,
                     tooltip: token_type.docs().into(),
                     token_kind: token_type.into(),
                 }),
@@ -179,11 +236,14 @@ pub fn tokenize_line(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<Ff
 #[ffi_export]
 pub fn diagnose_source(input: safer_ffi::slice::Ref<'_, u16>) -> safer_ffi::Vec<FfiDiagnostic> {
     let res = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
-        let mut writer = BufWriter::new(Vec::new());
+        let input = String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice());
-        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(String::from_utf16_lossy(input.as_slice()));
-        let compiler = Compiler::new(Parser::new(tokenizer), &mut writer, None);
 
-        let diagnosis = compiler.compile();
+        let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input.as_str());
+        let compiler = Compiler::new(Parser::new(tokenizer), None);
+
+        let CompilationResult {
+            errors: diagnosis, ..
+        } = compiler.compile();
 
         let mut result_vec: Vec<FfiDiagnostic> = Vec::with_capacity(diagnosis.len());
 

rust_compiler/src/main.rs

@@ -1,37 +1,46 @@
 #![allow(clippy::result_large_err)]
 
-#[macro_use]
-extern crate quick_error;
-
 use clap::Parser;
-use compiler::Compiler;
+use compiler::{CompilationResult, Compiler};
 use parser::Parser as ASTParser;
 use std::{
     fs::File,
     io::{stderr, BufWriter, Read, Write},
     path::PathBuf,
 };
+use thiserror::Error;
 use tokenizer::{self, Tokenizer};
 
-quick_error! {
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
-    #[derive(Debug)]
+enum Error<'a> {
-    enum StationlangError {
+    #[error(transparent)]
-        TokenizerError(err: tokenizer::Error) {
+    Tokenizer(tokenizer::Error),
-            from()
+
-            display("Tokenizer error: {}", err)
+    #[error(transparent)]
-        }
+    Parser(parser::Error<'a>),
-        ParserError(err: parser::Error) {
+
-            from()
+    #[error(transparent)]
-            display("Parser error: {}", err)
+    Compile(compiler::Error<'a>),
-        }
+
-        CompileError(err: compiler::Error) {
+    #[error(transparent)]
-            from()
+    IO(#[from] std::io::Error),
-            display("Compile error: {}", err)
+}
-        }
+
-        IoError(err: std::io::Error) {
+impl<'a> From<parser::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
-            from()
+    fn from(value: parser::Error<'a>) -> Self {
-            display("IO error: {}", err)
+        Self::Parser(value)
-        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<compiler::Error<'a>> for Error<'a> {
+    fn from(value: compiler::Error<'a>) -> Self {
+        Self::Compile(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<tokenizer::Error> for Error<'a> {
+    fn from(value: tokenizer::Error) -> Self {
+        Self::Tokenizer(value)
     }
 }
 
@@ -46,12 +55,17 @@ struct Args {
     output_file: Option<PathBuf>,
 }
 
-fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
+fn run_logic<'a>() -> Result<(), Error<'a>> {
     let args = Args::parse();
     let input_file = args.input_file;
 
-    let tokenizer: Tokenizer = match input_file {
+    let input_string = match input_file {
-        Some(input_file) => Tokenizer::from_path(&input_file)?,
+        Some(input_path) => {
+            let mut buf = String::new();
+            let mut file = std::fs::File::open(input_path).unwrap();
+            file.read_to_string(&mut buf).unwrap();
+            buf
+        }
         None => {
             let mut buf = String::new();
             let stdin = std::io::stdin();
@@ -62,10 +76,11 @@ fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
                 return Ok(());
             }
 
-            Tokenizer::from(buf)
+            buf
         }
     };
 
+    let tokenizer = Tokenizer::from(input_string.as_str());
     let parser = ASTParser::new(tokenizer);
 
     let mut writer: BufWriter<Box<dyn Write>> = match args.output_file {
@@ -73,30 +88,33 @@ fn run_logic() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
         None => BufWriter::new(Box::new(std::io::stdout())),
     };
 
-    let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, &mut writer, None);
+    let compiler = Compiler::new(parser, None);
 
-    let mut errors = compiler.compile();
+    let CompilationResult {
+        errors,
+        instructions,
+        ..
+    } = compiler.compile();
 
     if !errors.is_empty() {
         let mut std_error = stderr();
-        let last = errors.pop();
+        let errors = errors.into_iter().map(Error::from);
-        let errors = errors.into_iter().map(StationlangError::from);
 
         std_error.write_all(b"Compilation error:\n")?;
 
         for err in errors {
             std_error.write_all(format!("{}\n", err).as_bytes())?;
         }
-
-        return Err(StationlangError::from(last.unwrap()));
     }
 
+    optimizer::optimize(instructions).write(&mut writer)?;
+
     writer.flush()?;
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn main() -> Result<(), StationlangError> {
+fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     run_logic()?;
 
     Ok(())

spilling.slang

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+device self = "db";
+device gasSensor  = "d0";
+device atmosAnal  = "d1";
+device atmosValve = "d2";
+device atmosTank  = "d3";
+device atmosInlet = "d4";
+
+atmosInlet.Lock = true;
+atmosInlet.Mode = 1;
+atmosValve.On = false;
+atmosValve.Lock = true;
+
+let isPumping = false;
+let tempPressure = 0;
+
+loop {
+  yield();
+  let temp = gasSensor.Temperature;
+  let pres = atmosAnal.Pressure;
+  let liqV = atmosAnal.VolumeOfLiquid;
+  let tempVol = atmosAnal.Volume;
+
+  let stress = 5_000 * liqV / tempVol;
+
+  tempPressure = isPumping ? 1_000 : 10_000;
+
+  let shouldTurnOnInlet = (
+    temp > 0c &&
+    pres < tempPressure &&
+    stress < 50
+  );
+
+  isPumping = (
+    !shouldTurnOnInlet &&
+    atmosTank.Pressure < 35_000 &&
+    atmosAnal.RatioPollutant == 0 &&
+    atmosAnal.RatioLiquidPollutant == 0 &&
+    atmosAnal.Pressure > 1_000
+  );
+
+  atmosValve.On = isPumping;
+  atmosInlet.On = shouldTurnOnInlet;
+}

test.slang

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/// Laree script V1
+
+device self = "db";
+device larre = "d0";
+device exportChute = "d1";
+
+const TOTAL_SLOTS = 19;
+const EXPORT_CHUTE = 1;
+const START_STATION = 2;
+
+let currentIndex = 0;
+
+/// Waits for the larre to be idle before continuing
+fn waitForIdle() {
+  yield();
+  while (!larre.Idle) {
+    yield();
+  }
+}
+
+/// Instructs the Larre to go to the chute and deposit
+/// what is currently in its arm
+fn deposit() {
+  larre.Setting = EXPORT_CHUTE;
+  waitForIdle();
+  larre.Activate = true;
+  waitForIdle();
+  exportChute.Open = false;
+}
+
+/// This function is responsible for checking the plant under
+/// the larre at this index, and harvesting if applicable
+fn checkAndHarvest(currentIndex) {
+  if (currentIndex <= EXPORT_CHUTE || ls(larre, 255, "Seeding") < 1) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // harvest from this device
+  while (ls(larre, 255, "Mature")) {
+    yield();
+    larre.Activate = true;
+  }
+  let hasRemainingPlant = ls(larre, 255, "Occupied");
+
+  // move to the export chute
+  larre.Setting = EXPORT_CHUTE;
+  waitForIdle();
+  deposit();
+  if (hasRemainingPlant) {
+    deposit();
+  }
+
+  larre.Setting = currentIndex;
+  waitForIdle();
+
+  if (ls(larre, 0, "Occupied")) {
+    larre.Activate = true;
+  }
+  waitForIdle();
+}
+
+loop {
+  yield();
+  if (!larre.Idle) {
+    continue;
+  }
+  let newIndex = currentIndex + 1 > TOTAL_SLOTS ? START_STATION : currentIndex + 1;
+
+  checkAndHarvest(currentIndex);
+  larre.Setting = newIndex;
+  currentIndex = newIndex;
+}